a, PT: \(C_2H_2+2Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_2Br_4\)

b, \(n_{Br_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{160}=0,035\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Br_2}=0,0175\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\%V_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{0,0175.22,4}{0,86}.100\%\approx45,58\%\)

\(\Rightarrow\%V_{CH_4}\approx54,42\%\)

a, \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

b, \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{3,36}{56}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,06\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,06.22,4=1,344\left(l\right)\)

c, \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{4}{160}=0,025\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,025}{1}>\dfrac{0,06}{3}\), ta được Fe₂O₃ dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{Fe_2O_3\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{H_2}=0,02\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{Fe_2O_3\left(dư\right)}=0,025-0,02=0,005\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe_2O_3\left(dư\right)}=0,005.160=0,8\left(g\right)\)

a, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

BTNT H, có: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

Theo ĐLBT KL, có: m_KL + m_HCl = m _muối + m_H2

⇒ m _muối = 3,9 + 0,4.36,5 - 0,2.2 = 18,1 (g)

b, PT: \(A+2HCl\rightarrow ACl_2+H_2\)

\(2B+6HCl\rightarrow2BCl_3+3H_2\)

Gọi: n_A = x (mol) ⇒ n_B = 2x (mol)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_A+\dfrac{3}{2}n_B=x+\dfrac{3}{2}.2x=0,2\Rightarrow x=0,05\)

⇒ n_A = 0,05 (mol), n_B = 0,1 (mol)

Gọi: M_A = 8y (g/mol) ⇒ M_B = 9y (g/mol)

⇒ 0,05.8y + 0,1.9y = 3,9 (g) ⇒ y = 3

⇒ M_A = 8.3 = 24 (g/mol) → A là Mg.

M_B = 9.3 = 27 (g/mol) → B là Al.

a, Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{13,5}{27}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{7,437}{24,79}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,5}{4}>\dfrac{0,3}{3}\), ta được Al dư.

Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{O_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{Al\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{4}{3}n_{O_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

⇒ n_{Al (dư)} = 0,5 - 0,4 = 0,1 (mol)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al_2O_3}=0,2.102=20,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Al\left(dư\right)}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,015.0,082.\left(25+273\right)}{0,986}\approx3,7274\left(l\right)\)

Theo ĐLBT KL, có: m_KL + m_O2 = m _oxit

⇒ m_O2 = 13,1 - 1,5 = 11,6 (g)

`Fe+2HCl->FeCl_2+H_2`

0,15--0,3---0,15----0,15 mol

`n_(Fe)=(8,4)/56=0,15 mol`

`->V_(H_2)=0,15.22,4=3,36l`

c) `CuO+H_2->Cu+H_2O`(to)              

             0,15---0,15 mol

`n_(CuO)=16/80=0,2 mol`

=>CuO dư

`->m_(Cu)=0,15.64=9,6g`