Complete the second sentence, using NO MORE THAN 5 WORDS, including the word given in capitals, so that the meaning stays the same as the first one.

1.     Nam refused to win the auction because he wasn't there. WON

 Nam....................................................... because he wasn't there.

2.     It was difficult for Nam to decide whether to buy a fridge or not. DECISION

 Buying a fridge or not was.................................................. for Nam.

3.     Because Russia missed the workshop, they couldn't follow the Union's instruction. OF

the workshop, Russia couldn't follow the Union's instruction.

4.     Many nations in the world give Laos a help to fight off the starvation. SAME

 Many nations in the world................................................... about giving Laos a help to fight

off the starvation.

5.      All the factories in the area were forced to close down because they polluted the environment with their chemical waste. HAVING

 ………………………………………….. their chemical waste, all the factories in the area were forced to close down.

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Complete the second sentence, using NO MORE THAN 5 WORDS, including the word given in capitals, so that the meaning stays the same as the first one.

1.  The boys littered the sidewalk and were fined as a consequence of their bad action. HAVING

 The boys were fined for …………………………………………..

2.  Ba dumped garbage in Lan's front yard. Lan made a mock of it. DUMPED

 Ba was made a mock because of................................................. in Lan's front yard.

3.  David was taken to the police station because he chopped down over a hundred trees. CHOPPED

 David was taken to the police station for ………………………………………….. over a hundred trees.

4.   The government have decided to popularize the importance of the environment so that they can raise people's awareness to protect their mother nature. ORDER

    The   government have   decided  to   popularize  the   importance  of       the    environment

………………………………………….. people's awareness to protect their mother nature.

5.     Before Emma went out, she had turned off all the lights. TURNED

lights, Emma went out.

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Complete the second sentence, using NO MORE THAN 5 WORDS, including the word given in capitals, so that the meaning stays the same as the first one.

1.  They got bankrupted so they agreed to sell their house. FAVOR

 They got bankrupted so they.................................................. their house.

2.  It's no good caring a boy who doesn't like you. THERE

caring a boy who doesn't like you.

3.  Jenny has been a vegetarian for ages so she refuses to eat meat. BEEN

a vegetarian for ages, Jenny refuses to eat meat.

4.  Jimmy was thankful because she was invited to the farewell party. INVITED

 Jimmy was thankful for................................................... to the farewell party.

5.  Jenifer refused to have broken the vase when her mom asked. BROKEN

 Jenifer denied..................................................... when her mom asked.

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Complete the following sentences by circling the best choice (A, B or C) of vocabulary and grammar structures.

1.     They delayed.................... the match because the weather was too bad.

A. holding                               B. having held                        C. being held

2.      Lim made a big mistake at the office but his manager didn't expel him. He's lucky................................................................................................................ an

opportunity to fix it.

A. to have been given             B. to having given                  C. to having been given

3.     Having..................... of wood, the house was fire risk.

A. being been built                  B. been built                           C. being built.

4.    ………………..him as the poor, I often bring old clothes to him.

A. Being known                      B. Knowing                            C. Having been known

5.     The manager admits.................. in the scandal.

A. to be involved                    B. having involved                 C. having been involved

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Complete the following sentences by circling the best choice (A, B or C) of vocabulary and grammar structures.

1.     She apologized for not................. when Jim needed her.

A. appearing                           B. having appeared                 C. having been appeared

2.    for years, he died because of lung cancer.

A. Having been smoking        B. Having smoked                  C. Have smoked

3.     Having..................... the important lesson, she couldn't finish her test.

A. missed                                B. passed                                C. gone

4.     She looked forward to.................. her friend's letter.

A. having received                  B. receiving                            C. receive

5.     Tom suggested................... out for dinner.

A. having gone                       B. to go                                   C. going

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Complete the following sentences by circling the best choice (A, B or C) of vocabulary and grammar structures.

1.……………..is a major reason causing global warming.

A. Overpopulate                     B. Overpopulating                  C. Overpopulation

2.  Mass fish deaths have.................. widespread worry in Vietnam.

A. provoked                            B. provided                             C. appealed

3.  Devastated farmers have blamed................ factories for tons of dead fish on the southern river.

A. polluted                              B. polluting                             C. pollution

4.  The...................... have been finding out the best solution to improve the environment's quality.

A. environment authorities      B. environment authority        C. authority environment

5.     People all around the world have been.............. to major health risks.

A. exposed                              B. exposing                             C. being exposed

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2.   Complete the following sentences by circling the best choice (A, B or C) of vocabulary and grammar structures.

1.  Hundreds of tons of garbage is............... daily.

A. scooped up                         B. made up                             C. come up

2.  Climate change presents a dangerous............... to the human race.

A. advice                                 B. suggestion                          C. threat

3.  Tree plantation helps to reduce global warming since trees............ CO₂ in the air.

A. absorb                                B. emit                                    C. release

4.  Global warming has been one of the biggest............. problems in recent years.

A. environmental                    B. environment                       C. environmentally

5.  The local government should pass the law to strongly punish those who cause ………………..

A. deforestation                      B. deforest                              C. deforested

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