`\overline(M)_(hh)=29.1,42=41,18`

Đặt `n_(O_2)=a;n_(CO_2)=b`

Ta có: `(32a+44b)/(a+b)=41,18`

`=>9,18a=2,82b`

`=>a/b=(2,82)/(9,18)=0,31`

Xét các đáp án ta thấy `A` là đáp án đúng nhất `(` Đáp án `D` cũng đúng vì `6:19=12:38)`

\(2CH_4^{\left[A\right]}\xrightarrow[1500^{\circ}C]{lln}C_2H_2^{\left[B\right]}+2H_2^{\left[C\right]}\)

\(C_2H_2^{\left[B\right]}+2AgNO_3+2NH_3\xrightarrow[]{}2NH_4NO_3^{\left[E\right]}+C_2Ag_2^{\left[D\right]}\downarrow\)

\(C_2Ag_2^{\left[D\right]}+2HCl^{\left[F\right]}\xrightarrow[]{}C_2H_2^{\left[B\right]}+2AgCl^{\left[G\right]}\downarrow\)

\(2C_2H_2^{\left[B\right]}\xrightarrow[t^\circ]{NH_4Cl,CuCl}CH\equiv C-CH=CH_2^{\left[H\right]}\)

\(CH\equiv C-CH=CH_2^{\left[H\right]}+H_2^{\left[C\right]}\xrightarrow[t^\circ]{Pd\text{ / }PbCO_3}CH_2=CH-CH=CH_2^{\left[I\right]}\)

\(nCH_2=CH-CH=CH_2\xrightarrow[t^{\circ},p]{xt}\left(-CH_2-CH=CH-CH_2\right)_n^{\left[-\left(I\right)_n-\right]}\)

Gọi tên:

(A): Metan

(B): Axetylen

(C): Hiđro

(D): Bạc axetylua

(E): Amoni nitrat

(F): Axit clohiđric

(G): Bạc clorua

(H): Vinylaxetylen

(I): Buta-1,3-đien

-(I)_n-: Cao su buna

\(A:CH_4;B:C_2H_2;C:H_2\\ D:C_2Ag_2;E:NH_4NO_3\\ F:HCl;G:AgCl\\H:C_4H_4;I:C_4H_6\\ 2CH_4-^{1500^0C,làm.lạnh.nhanh}->C_2H_2+3H_2\\ C_2H_2+2AgNO_3+2NH_3->C_2Ag_2+2NH_4NO_3\\ C_2Ag_2+2HCl->2AgCl+C_2H_2\\ 2C_2H_2-^{CuCl_2,NH_4Cl,100^0C}->H_2C=CH-C\equiv CH\\ H_2C=CH-C\equiv CH+H_2-^{Pd.PbCO_3,t^0}->H_2C=CH-CH=CH_2\\ H_2C=CH-CH=CH_2-^{t^0,p,xt}->-\left(H_2C-CH=CH-CH_2\right)-_n\)

\(2X+2nHCl->2XCl_n+nH_2\\n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,704}{22,4}=\dfrac{3,78}{X}\cdot\dfrac{n}{2}\\ n:X=\dfrac{1}{9}\\ n=3;X=27\\ X:Al\left(aluminium:nhôm\right) \)

\(N_2+3H_2\leftrightarrow2NH_3\\ n_{NH_3}=a\left(mol\right)\\ n_{sau}=14=9-\dfrac{1}{2}a+6-\dfrac{3}{2}a+a\\ a=1\\ n_{N_2}:1>n_{H_2}:3\\ H=\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{2}{3}.6}.100\%=25\%\)

\(C\%_{AgNO_3\left(60^0C\right)}=\dfrac{m_{AgNO_3\left(bđ\right)}}{2500}=\dfrac{525}{100+525}\\ m_{AgNO_3\left(bđ\right)}=2100\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{AgNO_3\left(10^0C\right)}=\dfrac{170}{270}=\dfrac{2100-m_{AgNO_3tách}}{2500-m_{AgNO_3tách}}\\ m_{AgNO_3tách}=1420\left(g\right)\)

\(2KMnO_4-^{t^0}->K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\\2 R+\dfrac{n}{2}O_2-^{t^0}->R_2O_n\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{KMnO_4}=\dfrac{94,8}{158.2}0,3mol\\ n_{O_2}=\dfrac{10,8}{R}\cdot\dfrac{n}{4}=0,3\\ n:R=\dfrac{1}{9}\\ n=3;R=27\\ R:Al\left(aluminium:nhôm\right)\)

\(N_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{80}{400}.6.10^{23}=1,2.10^{23}\left(PT\right)\\ V_{CO_2}=\dfrac{80}{400}.22,4=4,48L\)

\(n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{80}{400}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow N_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=6.10^{23}\cdot0,2=1,2.10^{23}\left(pt\right)\)

Ta có:\(N_{CO_2}=N_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=1,2.10^{23}\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{CO_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)

\(\left[O\right]_{KL}+H_2->H_2O\\ n_{H_2O}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{14,4}{18}=0,8mol\\ v=0,8.22,4=17,92L\\ m_{KL}=m=47,2-16.0,8=34,4g\)

\(Na+H_2O->NaOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\\ a.n_{Na}=\dfrac{m_1}{23}\left(mol\right)\\ m_{ddsau}=\dfrac{m_1}{23}+m_2-\dfrac{m_1}{46}=\dfrac{m_1}{46}+m_2\left(g\right)\\ C\%_B=\dfrac{\dfrac{40}{23}m_1}{\dfrac{m_1}{46}+m_2}\cdot100\%.\\ b.C_M=\dfrac{10dC\%}{M}=10\cdot1,2\cdot\dfrac{0,05}{40}=0,015\left(M\right)\)

\(Na+H_2O->NaOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\\ a.n_{Na}=\dfrac{m_1}{23}\left(mol\right)\\ m_{ddsau}=m_1+m_2-\dfrac{m_1}{23}=\dfrac{22}{23}m_1+m_2\left(g\right)\\ C\%_B=\dfrac{\dfrac{40}{23}m_1}{\dfrac{22}{23}m_1+m_2}\cdot100\%.\\ b.C_M=\dfrac{10dC\%}{M}=10\cdot1,2\cdot\dfrac{0,05}{40}=0,015\left(M\right)\)

Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử trộn 1 mol A với 4 mol không khí.

\(n_{N_2}=4.80\%=3,2mol\\ n_{O_2}=0,8mol\\ \%n_{N_2\left(bđ\right)}=\dfrac{3,2}{5}.100\%=64\%\\ n_{hhsau}=\dfrac{3,2}{64\%+3,36\%}=\dfrac{2000}{421}\left(mol\right)\\ CO+\dfrac{1}{2}O_2-^{t^0}>CO_2\\ n_{CO}=a;n_{CO_2}=b\left(mol\right)\\ a+b=1\\ a+b+3,2+0,8-\dfrac{1}{2}a=\dfrac{2000}{421}\\ a=\dfrac{210}{421};b=\dfrac{211}{421}\\ \%V_{CO}=\dfrac{\dfrac{210}{421}}{\dfrac{2000}{421}}=10,5\%\\ \%V_{CO_2}=89,5\%\)