Read the following passage on commuting, and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 51 to 60.

Many folk cures which have been around for centuries may be more therapeutic than previously suspected. A case in point is that of penicillin Alexander Fleming did not just randomly choose cheese molds to study when he discovered this very important bacteria-killing substance. Moldy cheese was frequently given to patients as a remedy for illness at one time Fleming just isolated what it was about the cheese which cured the patients.

In parts of South America, a powder obtained from grinding sugar cane is used for healing infections in wounds and ulcers. This usage may date back to pre-Colombian times. Experiments carried out on several hundred patients indicate that ordinary sugar in high concentrations is lethal to bacteria. Its suction effect eliminates dead cells and it generates a glasslike layer which protects the wound and ensures healing.

Another example of folk medicine which scientists are investigating is that of Arab fishermen who rub their wounds with a venomous catfish to quicken healing. This catfish excretes a gellike slime which scientist found to contain antibiotics coagulant that helps close injured blood vessels, anti-inflammatory agents, and a chemical that directs production of a glue-like material that aids healing.

It is hoped that by documenting these folk remedies and experimenting to see if results are indeed beneficial, an analysis of the substance be made, and synthetic substances be developed for human consumption.

The gellike substance which promotes healing comes from_________. 

A. Arab fishermen

B.catfish bodies

C.catfish venom

D. coagulants

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks.

The volume of traffic in many cities in the world today continues to expand. This (35)______many problems, including serious air pollution, lengthy delays, and the greater risks (36) ______accidents. Clearly, something must be done, but it is often difficult to persuade people to change their habits and leave their cars at home.

One possible (37)______is to make it more expensive for people to use their cars by increasing charges for parking and bringing in tougher fines for anyone who (38)______ the laws. In addition, drives could be required to pay for using particular routes at different times of the day. This system, (39) ______as “road pricing”, is already being introduced in a number of cities, using a special electronic card (40) ______to windscreen of the car.

Another ways of (41) ______with the problem is to provide cheap parking on the outskirts of the city, and strictly control the number of vehicles allowed into the center. Drivers and passengers then use a special bus service for the (42) ______stage of their journey.

Of course, the most important (43) ______is to provide good public transport. However, to get people to give up the comfort of their cars, public transport must be felt to be reliable, convenient and comfortable, with fares (44) _______at an acceptable level.

Điền vào ô 38

A. crosses 

B. refuses

C. breaks

D. cracks

Read the following passage and mark the letter A,B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the best answer

Meditation

Meditation has been in use for thousands of years: people have always searched for inner quiet and physical relaxation, which may be for spiritual, self-realization or health reasons. It is nothing unusual and you do not have to be a great athlete to be able to achieve and enjoy the benefits of meditation at both physical and mental levels.

What, then, is meditation? As one expert put it recently, it is just sitting and relaxing. (A) Many people find that their lives are so full of the demands of work, family, friends and organized leisure pursuits that they have no time to “stand and state”. Many are so busy planning and working towards the future that they take little pleasure from the here and now. In their hurry to “get on” they miss out on the simple pleasures of life; the change of the seasons, the singing of a bird or the innocent wonder of a child. But beauty and joy are there to be seen and experienced, even in the most industrial of landscapes. (B) Meditation can be a good way of just taking time out and allowing yourself to relate to and appreciate the moment. It may be by walking along the seashore, or sitting by a stream, or just by noticing silence in a still room and enjoying it. (C)

Rather than forcing yourself to take up a difficult physical position, just relax; sit in a chair or take a walk in a favorite landscape at a steady pace. It is not a good idea to slump or lie down, as this tend to leads to sleep. It is the relaxed focus that is necessary. If you sit down, do so with your feet flat on the floor, hands resting in your lap or on the arms of the chair, and your head comfortably balanced. If you are walking, do so slowly and carefully, aware of the movement of each foot, and the contact with the ground below. (D) Notice the reaction of the ground to your feet. This is an extremely simple but effective exercise in becoming truly aware of the present.

Meditation, above all, is about staying with the moment, being in touch with one’s surroundings and one’s inner world, much of which is more easily achieved when you are in a meditative state. 

According to the passage, why is meditation important

A. it gives you more leisure time

B. it helps you notice birds and children

C. it helps you value every single moment

D. it fills moments of silence with something to do

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

No sooner had the first intrepid male aviators safely returned to Earth than it seemed that women, too, had been smitten by an urge to fly. From mere spectators, they became willing passengers and finally pilots in their own right, plotting their skills and daring line against the hazards of the air and the skepticism of their male counterparts. In doing so they enlarged the traditional bounds of a women's world, won for their sex a new sense of competence and achievement, and contributed handsomely to the progress of aviation.

But recognition of their abilities did not come easily. "Men do not believe us capable." the famed aviator Amelia Earhart once remarked to a friend. "Because we are women, seldom are we trusted to do an efficient job." Indeed, old attitudes died hard: when Charles Lindbergh visited the Soviet Union in 1938 with his wife, Anne-herself a pilot and gifted proponent of aviation - he was astonished to discover both men and women flying in the Soviet Air Force.

Such conventional wisdom made it difficult for women to raise money for the up - to - date equipment they needed to compete on an equal basis with men. Yet they did compete, and often they triumphed finally despite the odds.

Ruth Law, whose 590 - mile flight from Chicago to Hornell, New York, set a new nonstop distance record in 1916, exemplified the resourcefulness and grit demanded of any woman who wanted to fly. And when she addressed the Aero Club of America after completing her historic journey, her plainspoken words testified to a universal human motivation that was unaffected by gender: "My flight was done with no expectation of reward," she declared, "just purely for the love of accomplishment."

(TOEFL Readings)

According to the passage, women pilots were successful in all of the following EXCEPT _______.

A. challenging the conventional role of women

B. contributing to the science of aviation

C. winning universal recognition from men

D. building the confidence of women

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer.

Although they are an inexpensive supplier of vitamins, minerals and high- quality protein, eggs, also contain a high level of blood cholesterol, one of the major causes of heart diseases. One egg yolk, in fact, contains a little more than two- thirds of the suggested cholesterol limit. This knowledge has driven egg sales to plummet in recent years, which in turn has brought about the development of several alternatives to eating regular eggs. One alternative is eating substitute eggs. These egg substitutes are not really eggs, but they look somewhat like eggs when they are cooked. They have the advantage of having low cholesterol rates, and they can be scrambled or used in baking. One disadvantage, however, is that they are not good for frying, poaching or boiling. A second alternative to regular eggs is a new type of egg, sometimes called “designer” eggs. These eggs are produced by hens that are fed low- fat diets consisting of ingredients such as canola oil, flax and rice bran. In spite of their diet, however, these hens produce eggs that contain the same amount of cholesterol as regular eggs. Yet, the producers of these eggs claim that eating their eggs will not raise the blood cholesterol in humans.

Egg producers claim that their product has been portrayed unfairly. They cite scientific studies to back up their claim. And, in fact, studies on relationship between eggs and human cholesterol levels have brought mixed result. It may be that it is not the type of eggs that is the main determinant of cholesterol but the person who is eating the eggs. Some people may be more sensitive to cholesterol derived from food than other people. In fact, there is evidence that certain dietary fats stimulate the body’s production of blood cholesterol. Consequently, while it still makes sense to limit one’s intake of eggs, even designer eggs, it seems that doing this without regulating dietary fat will probably not help reduce the blood cholesterol level.

Which of the following could best replace the word “somewhat”?

A. a lot

B. a little

C. indefinitely

D. in fact

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

No sooner had the first intrepid male aviators safely returned to Earth than it seemed that women, too, had been smitten by an urge to fly. From mere spectators, they became willing passengers and finally pilots in their own right, plotting their skills and daring line against the hazards of the air and the skepticism of their male counterparts. In doing so they enlarged the traditional bounds of a women's world, won for their sex a new sense of competence and achievement, and contributed handsomely to the progress of aviation.

But recognition of their abilities did not come easily. "Men do not believe us capable." the famed aviator Amelia Earhart once remarked to a friend. "Because we are women, seldom are we trusted to do an efficient job." Indeed, old attitudes died hard: when Charles Lindbergh visited the Soviet Union in 1938 with his wife, Anne-herself a pilot and gifted proponent of aviation - he was astonished to discover both men and women flying in the Soviet Air Force.

Such conventional wisdom made it difficult for women to raise money for the up - to - date equipment they needed to compete on an equal basis with men. Yet they did compete, and often they triumphed finally despite the odds.

Ruth Law, whose 590 - mile flight from Chicago to Hornell, New York, set a new nonstop distance record in 1916, exemplified the resourcefulness and grit demanded of any woman who wanted to fly. And when she addressed the Aero Club of America after completing her historic journey, her plainspoken words testified to a universal human motivation that was unaffected by gender: "My flight was done with no expectation of reward," she declared, "just purely for the love of accomplishment."

(TOEFL Readings)

The word “addressed” can be best replaced by _______.

A. mailed

B. came back to

C. spoke to

D. consulted

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.

The demand was so great that they had to reprint the book immediately.

A. They had to print the book immediately to satisfy the increasing demand.

B. To meet the greater and greater demand, they had to print the book immediately.

C. There was such a great demand that the book was printed immediately.

D. So great was the demand that they had to print the book immediately.

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions from 9 to 20

My mother always tells me _______.

A. not to leaves your shoes on the carpet

B. don’t leave my shoes on the carpet

C. not leave my shoes on the carpet

D. not to leave my shoes on the carpet

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to choose the word of phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 5 to 9.

          As teenagers approach university level, a decision has to be made on what course to pursue. In this world of diversity, (1) ______ such a choice is not easy for both children and parents. In the old days, it was not much a problem to do the task because there were not so many diverse learning areas to choose from. Besides, there were only a few distinctive professional careers like doctor, engineer, accountant, nurse, teacher,etc.  to think about. Most higher learning usually led to a financially successful life. (2) ______, the cost of education was not so high. Today’s world is entirely different from the things (3) ______ have just been described.  The job market is constantly changing due to innovative technology and new (4) ______. Meanwhile, most teenagers have difficulty in identifying their own interests. There are a variety of well- organized career talks and student counseling workshop to guide and help teenagers (5) ______ what course to take. Furthermore, psychological tests are also used.  Certain instruments such as surveys, interviews and computer software can help to find out preferences, interests, or learning styles of the students.

Question 7:

A. when

B. that

C. where

D. what

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks.

The volume of traffic in many cities in the world today continues to expand. This (35)______many problems, including serious air pollution, lengthy delays, and the greater risks (36) ______accidents. Clearly, something must be done, but it is often difficult to persuade people to change their habits and leave their cars at home.

One possible (37)______is to make it more expensive for people to use their cars by increasing charges for parking and bringing in tougher fines for anyone who (38)______ the laws. In addition, drives could be required to pay for using particular routes at different times of the day. This system, (39) ______as “road pricing”, is already being introduced in a number of cities, using a special electronic card (40) ______to windscreen of the car.

Another ways of (41) ______with the problem is to provide cheap parking on the outskirts of the city, and strictly control the number of vehicles allowed into the center. Drivers and passengers then use a special bus service for the (42) ______stage of their journey.

Of course, the most important (43) ______is to provide good public transport. However, to get people to give up the comfort of their cars, public transport must be felt to be reliable, convenient and comfortable, with fares (44) _______at an acceptable level.

Điền vào ô 43

A. thought 

B. event

C. work

D. thing