Ta có \(\sqrt{8a^2+56}=\sqrt{8\left(a^2+7\right)}=2\sqrt{2\left(a^2+ab+2bc+2ca\right)}\)

\(=2\sqrt{2\left(a+b\right)\left(a+2c\right)}\le2\left(a+b\right)+\left(a+2c\right)=3a+2b+2c\)

Tương tự \(\sqrt{8b^2+56}\le2a+3b+2c;\)\(\sqrt{4c^2+7}=\sqrt{\left(a+2c\right)\left(b+2c\right)}\le\frac{a+b+4c}{2}\)

Do vậy \(Q\ge\frac{11a+11b+12c}{3a+2b+2c+2a+3b+2c+\frac{a+b+4c}{2}}=2\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(\left(a,b,c\right)=\left(1;1;\frac{3}{2}\right)\)

a) \(P=1957\)

b) \(S=19.\)

\(x+y\left(2+3x\right)=3\Leftrightarrow y=\frac{3-x}{2+3x}\)

\(\Rightarrow P=x+y=x+\frac{3-x}{2+3x}=\frac{3x^2+x+3}{2+3x}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2+\left(1-3P\right)x+3-2P=0\left(1\right)\)

Phương trình (1) có nghiệm dương \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}3P-1>0\\3-2P>0\\\Delta=9P^2+18P-35\ge0\end{cases}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}P>\frac{1}{3}\\P< \frac{3}{2}\\P\ge\frac{-3+2\sqrt{11}}{3}\left(h\right)P\le\frac{-3-2\sqrt{11}}{3}\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\frac{-3+2\sqrt{11}}{3}\le P< \frac{3}{2}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=x_0=\frac{3P-1}{6}=\frac{-2+\sqrt{11}}{3};y=y_0=\frac{-1+\sqrt{11}}{3}\)

Vậy \(S=3x_0+6y_0=-4+3\sqrt{11}\)

Ta có : \(x+y\left(2+3x\right)=3\Leftrightarrow y=\frac{3-x}{3x+2}\)  ( vì x > 0 ) 

Khi đó : \(x+y=x+\frac{3-x}{3x+2}=\frac{3x^2+x+3}{3x+2}=A\) 

Chứng minh được :  \(A\ge\frac{-3+2\sqrt{11}}{3}\) => ... 

\(P\left(x\right)=3x^2-\left[3f\left(x\right)+1\right]x+3-f\left(x\right)=0\left(1\right)\)

Phương trình (1) có nghiệm thuộc \(\left(0;\frac{2}{3}\right)\) khi:

\(\hept{\begin{cases}\Delta=9f^2\left(x\right)+18f\left(x\right)-35\ge0\\P\left(0\right)=3-f\left(x\right)>0\\P\left(\frac{2}{3}\right)=\frac{11}{3}-3f\left(x\right)>0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}f\left(x\right)\le\frac{-3-2\sqrt{11}}{3}\left(h\right)f\left(x\right)\ge\frac{-3+2\sqrt{11}}{3}\\f\left(x\right)< 3\\f\left(x\right)< \frac{11}{9}\end{cases}}}\)

\(\Rightarrow f\left(x\right)\in(-\infty;\frac{-3-2\sqrt{11}}{3}]\)U\([\frac{-3+2\sqrt{11}}{3};\frac{11}{9})\)

Dễ thấy \(f\left(x\right)>0\forall x\in\left(0;\frac{2}{3}\right)\). Suy ra \(\frac{-3+2\sqrt{11}}{3}\le f\left(x\right)< \frac{11}{9}\)

Vậy \(minf\left(x\right)=\frac{-3+2\sqrt{11}}{3}\), đạt được khi \(x=\frac{-1+\sqrt{11}}{3}.\)

\(f\left(x\right)=3x+\frac{2}{\left(2x+1\right)^2}=\frac{3}{4}\left(2x+1\right)+\frac{3}{4}\left(2x+1\right)+\frac{2}{\left(2x+1\right)^2}-\frac{3}{2}\)

\(\ge3\sqrt[3]{\left[\frac{3}{4}\left(2x+1\right)\right]^2.\frac{2}{\left(2x+1\right)^2}}-\frac{3}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\sqrt[3]{9}-\frac{3}{2}\)

Dấu \(=\)khi \(\frac{3}{4}\left(2x+1\right)=\frac{2}{\left(2x+1\right)^2}\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+1\right)^3=\frac{8}{3}\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{3}}-\frac{1}{2}\).

\(f\left(x\right)=4x+\frac{3}{\left(x+1\right)^2}=2x+2+2x+2+\frac{3}{\left(x+1\right)^2}-4\ge3\sqrt[3]{\left(2x+2\right)^2.\frac{3}{\left(x+1\right)^2}}-4\)

\(=3\sqrt[3]{48}-4\)

Dấu \(=\)khi \(2x+2=\frac{3}{\left(x+1\right)^2}\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^3=\frac{3}{2}\Leftrightarrow x=\sqrt[3]{\frac{3}{2}}-1\).