Read the following passage and choose the best answer for each blank.

Attractive landscape sites, such as sandy beaches, lakes, riversides, and mountain tops and slopes, are often affected by mass tourism. Physical (26) _______ are caused not only by clearing and construction of tourism-related land, but by continuing tourist activities and (27) _______changes in local economies and ecologies.

The development of tourism (28) _______such as accommodation, water supplies, can (29) _______ sand mining, beach and sand dune erosion, soil erosion and extensive paving. In addition, road and airport construction can lead to land degradation and loss of wildlife habitats and deterioration of scenery.

In Yosemite National Park in the United States, for instance, the number of roads and facilities (30) _______ to keep pace with the growing visitor numbers and to supply facilities, infrastructure and parking lots for all these tourists. These actions have caused (31) _______loss in the park and are (32) _______by various forms of pollution including air pollution from automobile emissions. The authorities have reported, "Smog was (33)_______that Yosemite Valley could not be seen from airplanes". This occasional smog is harmful to all species and vegetation inside the park.

Construction of ski resort accommodation and facilities frequently (34) _______clearing forested land. Coastal wetlands are often drained and filled due to lack of more suitable sites for construction of tourism facilities and infrastructure. These activities can cause severe disturbance and erosion of the local (35) _______, even destruction in the long term.

can (29) _______ sand mining, beach and sand dune erosion, soil erosion and extensive paving.

A. experience

B. involve

C. take part in

D. affect

Read the following passage and choose the best answer for each blank.

Attractive landscape sites, such as sandy beaches, lakes, riversides, and mountain tops and slopes, are often affected by mass tourism. Physical (26) _______ are caused not only by clearing and construction of tourism-related land, but by continuing tourist activities and (27) _______changes in local economies and ecologies.

The development of tourism (28) _______such as accommodation, water supplies, can (29) _______ sand mining, beach and sand dune erosion, soil erosion and extensive paving. In addition, road and airport construction can lead to land degradation and loss of wildlife habitats and deterioration of scenery.

In Yosemite National Park in the United States, for instance, the number of roads and facilities (30) _______ to keep pace with the growing visitor numbers and to supply facilities, infrastructure and parking lots for all these tourists. These actions have caused (31) _______loss in the park and are (32) _______by various forms of pollution including air pollution from automobile emissions. The authorities have reported, "Smog was (33)_______that Yosemite Valley could not be seen from airplanes". This occasional smog is harmful to all species and vegetation inside the park.

Construction of ski resort accommodation and facilities frequently (34) _______clearing forested land. Coastal wetlands are often drained and filled due to lack of more suitable sites for construction of tourism facilities and infrastructure. These activities can cause severe disturbance and erosion of the local (35) _______, even destruction in the long term.

In Yosemite National Park in the United States, for instance, the number of roads and facilities (30) _______ to keep pace with the growing visitor numbers and to supply facilities, infrastructure and parking lots for all these tourists.

A. have increased

B. has increased

C. increase

D. will increase

Fill in each numbered blank with one suitable word or phrase.

Visitors to Viet Nam would like to learn the long history and rich culture. If you are keen on visiting a place without (1) ______ the environment at the same time, think about taking a bicycle tour and you will find you are rewarded with a very special ecotourism experience.

There are many different cycle trips you can (2) ______ but a particular favourite one is the tour of the Mekong Delta. The Mekong Delta has a rich (3) ______  of culture and tradition and you can see this (4) ______ you slowly travel through this very distinct part of the world. Vietnamese and Khmer people live alongside Chinese communities, and they all rely on the (5) ______ plains and tributaries of the majestic Mekong River. It is here that many of the villagers use bicycles to (6) ______.

Being on a bicycle doesn't mean you will miss out on many of the extra activities and adventures. You can park your bike and enjoy a trip out to one of the floating villages (7) ______ people survive by fish farming or you can take an early boat to a floating market to purchase your food and supplies for the day.

There are plenty of tour operators who will (8) ______your journey and lodgings for you as well as carry your excess baggage, or you can (9) ______ of all this yourself and follow the road less travelled.

This mode of travel means you can really experience the very features of the Mekong Delta and Viet Nam and know that you are leaving behind only your tyre (10) ______.   

and you can see this (4) ______ you slowly travel through this very distinct part of the world

A. during

B. until

C. as

D. for

Fill in each numbered blank with one suitable word or phrase.

Visitors to Viet Nam would like to learn the long history and rich culture. If you are keen on visiting a place without (1) ______ the environment at the same time, think about taking a bicycle tour and you will find you are rewarded with a very special ecotourism experience.

There are many different cycle trips you can (2) ______ but a particular favourite one is the tour of the Mekong Delta. The Mekong Delta has a rich (3) ______  of culture and tradition and you can see this (4) ______ you slowly travel through this very distinct part of the world. Vietnamese and Khmer people live alongside Chinese communities, and they all rely on the (5) ______ plains and tributaries of the majestic Mekong River. It is here that many of the villagers use bicycles to (6) ______.

Being on a bicycle doesn't mean you will miss out on many of the extra activities and adventures. You can park your bike and enjoy a trip out to one of the floating villages (7) ______ people survive by fish farming or you can take an early boat to a floating market to purchase your food and supplies for the day.

There are plenty of tour operators who will (8) ______your journey and lodgings for you as well as carry your excess baggage, or you can (9) ______ of all this yourself and follow the road less travelled.

This mode of travel means you can really experience the very features of the Mekong Delta and Viet Nam and know that you are leaving behind only your tyre (10) ______.  

This mode of travel means you can really experience the very features of the Mekong Delta and Viet Nam and know that you are leaving behind only your tyre (10) ______.

A. surfaces

B. layers

C. spots

D. marks