Bài 1: C/m \(\forall a\inℤ\) thì \(P=\left(a+1\right)\left(a+2\right)\left(a+3\right)\left(a+4\right)+1\) là 1 số chính phương
Bài 2: Cho \(x^2+y^2+z^2=100\)
Tính: \(\left(xy+yz+zx\right)^2+\left[x^2-\left(yz\right)^2\right]+\left(y^2-xz\right)^2+\left(z^2-xy\right)^2\)
Bài 1:
Ta có:
\(P=\left(a+1\right)\left(a+2\right)\left(a+3\right)\left(a+4\right)+1\)
\(P=\left[\left(a+1\right)\left(a+4\right)\right]\cdot\left[\left(a+2\right)\left(a+3\right)\right]+1\)
\(P=\left(a^2+5a+4\right)\left(a^2+5a+6\right)+1\)
Đặt \(x=a^2+5a+5\) , khi đó:
\(P=\left(a-1\right)\left(a+1\right)+1\)
\(P=a^2-1+1\)
\(P=a^2=\left(x^2-5x+5\right)^2\)
Mà \(a\inℤ\Rightarrow x^2-5x+5\inℤ\)
=> P là số chính phương
\(\left(xy+yz+zx\right)^2+\left(x^2-yz\right)^2+\left(y^2-zx\right)^2+\left(z^2-xy\right)^2=x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2+2xyz\left(x+y+z\right)+x^4-2x^2yz+y^2z^2+y^4-2y^2zx+z^2x^2+z^4-2z^2xy+x^2y^2=x^4+y^4+z^4+2\left(x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2\right)=\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2=100^2=10000\)