Listen to the conversation and choose the correct answer.

You will hear a radio interview with an environmentalist called Jane.

Listen to the conversation and write no more than TWO words for each answer.

Choose the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.

Choose the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.

Choose the correct answer to fill in the blank in each of the following questions.

Choose the answer that is CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word/phrase in each of the following questions.

Choose the answer that indicates the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.

Write the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

Read the following passage and choose the correct answer that best fits each of the following blanks.

In the quickly changing world of futuristic cities and advanced technology, the AI x Future Cities project is special. This project uses a smart computer program (31)__________ makes pictures from written instructions like "futuristic towers" and "utopian technology." The AI creates designs for buildings and gets better at making pictures over time, which helps architects a lot.

(32)__________ sustainability, the AI x Future Cities project expects skyscrapers covered in trees, plants, and algae to function as "air purification towers." Architect and computational designer, Manas Bhatia, the driving force behind the project, (33)__________ a future where buildings are constructed with living materials. Through prompts like "giant" and "hollowed," Bhatia generated images of apartments nestled inside trees the size of redwoods.

While AI's role in real estate development is not new, its impact (34)__________ designing future buildings and homes depends on the initial terms provided by the designer and how the AI uses that information. Many are concerned as to how the future will look; however, all of us may agree that AI is here to stay. As we (35)__________ real estate development, AI continues to shape the way we design and experience the spaces of tomorrow.

Read the passage and choose the correct answer to each of the following questions.

1. Over 5 million people globally lose their lives due to air pollution each year, with the highest number of fatalities recorded in Asia, particularly in India and China. China sees around 1.6 million deaths annually attributed to polluted air, while India reports about 1.3 million. 85% of the world's population live in areas where air pollution is higher than usual.

2. The primary sources of air pollution are factories, vehicular traffic, and the burning of fossil fuels for electricity generation. Major Asian metropolises like Beijing and Delhi experience air pollution levels up to ten times higher than the daily average. Breathing contaminated air poses significant health risks, with fine particles released into the atmosphere, leading to heart diseases, lung cancer, and strokes. Health experts claim that deaths resulting from polluted air are higher than from malnutrition or obesity. Scientists warn that the number of deaths will continue to rise if nothing is done to fight air pollution.

3. Developed countries have enacted laws to improve air quality, with continuous monitoring in large cities. In the developing world, on the other hand, governments need to do more to protect the population from pollution. China, facing an aging population, witnesses an increasing threat to older individuals' health due to air pollution. In many regions, using coal for cooking and heating contributes to indoor pollution, a widespread issue in India, where people often cook with wood or cow dung.

4. Health officials argue that moving to greener energy would positively impact our health. Turning to renewable energy and using electric cars would undoubtedly help make our air cleaner.