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Lời nói trực tiếp

Lời nói gián tiếp

Simple preset (HTĐ)

He said: “I don’t understand.”

Simple past (QKĐ)

He said (that) he didn’t understand.

Present continuous (HTTD)

He said: “I’m looking for my phone.”

Past continuous (QKTD)

He said (that) he was looking for his phone.

Present perfect (HTHT)

They said: “We have worked here for three years.”

Past perfect (QKHT)

They said (that) they had worked there for three years.

Present perfect continuous (HTHTTD)

She said: “I has been teaching this class for hours.”

Past perfect continuous (QKHTTD)

She said (that) she had been teaching that class for hours.

Past simple (QKĐ)

They said: “We went to the cinema yesterday.”

Past perfect (QKHT)

They said they had gone to the cinema the previous day.

Past continuous (QKTD)

She said: “I was reading books during the break.”

Past perfect continuous (QKHTTD)

She said she had been reading books during the break.

Past perfect (QKHT)

He said: “I had finished my assignment. ”

Past perfect (QKHT)

He said (that) he had finished his assignment.

Past perfect continuous (QKHTTD)

She said: “I had been working at that company for three years.”

Past perfect continuous (QKHTTD)

She said (that) she had been working at that company for three years.

Future simple (TLĐ)

He said: “I will do it later.”

Future in the past (TL trong QK)

He said (that) he would do it later.

Modal verb (Động từ khuyết thiếu)

can, will, should, must

Linh asked, " You can all go home early today."

Modal verb

could, would, should, must / had to

Linh said we could all go home early.

Lời nói trực tiếp

Lời nói gián tiếp

Lời nói trực tiếp

Lời nói gián tiếp

Chủ ngữ

Tân ngữ

I

We

You

he / she

they

I / we

me

us

you

his / her

them

me / us

Đại từ sở hữu

Tính từ sở hữu

mine

ours

yours

his / hers

theirs

mine / ours

my

our

your

his / her

their

my / our

Ví dụ: He said: “My grandparents and I have lived here for 6 months.”

           - He said that his grandparents and he had lived there for 6 months.

Lời nói trực tiếp

Lời nói gián tiếp

Trạng từ chỉ thời gian

today

“I have a piano lesson today,” she said.

that day

She said (that) she had a piano lesson that day.

now

“The children are playing now,” the woman said.

then / at that time

The woman said (that) the children were playing then/ at that time.

yesterday

“I went to the park yesterday,” he said.

the day before/the previous day

He said he had gone to the park the day before/ the previous day.

ago

“I saw her two weeks ago,” the man said.

before

The man said (that) he had seen her two weeks before.

last week

“I visited my grandpa last week,” the boy said.

the week before / the previous week

The boy said (that) he had visited his grandpa the week before / the previous week.

next week

“I have an appointment next week,” the professor said.

the week after / the following week

The professor said (that) he had an appointment the following week / the week after.

tomorrow

“I will see you tomorrow,” the child said.

the next day / the following day

The child said (that) he would see me the next day / the following day.

 Trạng từ chỉ địa điểm

here

“Come here,” the woman told her son.

there

The woman told her son to come there.

Từ chỉ định

this

“I will be busy this week,” she said.

that

She said that she would be busy that week.

these

“These dresses are very expensive,” she said.

those

She said (that) those dresses were very expensive.

S + said / said to sb / told sb + (that) S + V.

The man said: “I work in a bank.”

The man said that he worked in a bank.

Trường hợp

Ví dụ

1

Khi động từ tường thuật ở các thì hiện tại và tương lai.

He says, “I don’t know the answer to your question.”

- He says to me that he doesn’t know the answer to my question.

2

Khi nói về sự thật hiển nhiên, chân lý, hành động lặp đi lặp lại ở hiện tại.

My teacher said: “The sun rises in the East.”

- My teachers said the sun rises in the East.

3

Các câu điều kiện loại 2, 3

She said: “If I had money, I would travel around the world.”

- She said if she had money, she would travel around the world