Đề kiểm tra chủ đề Môi trường SVIP

Composting is an easy and effective way to help the environment. It involves collecting organic waste, such as food scraps, yard clippings, and even coffee grounds, and allowing it to (1) __________ naturally. When you compost, you reduce the amount of waste that goes to landfills, (2) __________ helps decrease greenhouse gas emissions and promotes a healthier planet.

To start composting, find a(n) (3) __________ spot in your garden or get a compost bin. Begin by adding a mix of "green" materials, like vegetable peels, fruit scraps, and coffee grounds, along with "brown" materials, such as dry leaves, cardboard, and newspaper. It's important to turn the compost regularly to help it break down faster and to keep it aerated.

(4) __________ a few months, you'll have rich, dark compost that you can use to improve the soil in your garden. This nutrient-rich compost helps plants grow stronger and healthier, providing them (5) __________ essential nutrients. Composting is a simple habit that makes a big difference for our planet and enhances your gardening experience.

1. In recent years, the concept of zero-waste cities has gained significant attention. The idea is simple but revolutionary. A zero-waste city aims to send no waste to landfills or incinerators. Instead, everything is reused, recycled, or composted. This approach not only reduces the amount of waste produced but also helps conserve natural resources and protect the environment.

2. One key element of a zero-waste city is the design of products that can either be reused or fully recycled. Manufacturers are encouraged to produce goods with fewer materials and create packaging that is easy to recycle. Additionally, citizens are motivated to change their consumption habits. People are encouraged to avoid disposable items and opt for reusable alternatives such as cloth bags, glass bottles, and metal containers. Cities also promote the use of shared economies, such as borrowing tools or second-hand markets, which help to reduce the demand for new products. Educational campaigns and community events have also been organized to ensure that everyone is informed about the importance of waste reduction.

3. San Francisco is an example of a city that has embraced this vision. Since launching its zero-waste initiative, it has successfully diverted over 80% of its waste from landfills. The city has implemented strict recycling and composting programs, and it has banned plastic bags and Styrofoam containers. Residents are actively engaged in the process by separating their waste into different categories, such as recyclables, organic waste, and general trash.

4. Zero-waste cities represent a new approach to urban living. They offer a solution to the growing problem of waste management. Although creating a zero-waste city is challenging, the benefits are undeniable. Reduced pollution, cleaner streets, and a more sustainable future make this concept an attractive goal for cities worldwide. As more cities adopt zero-waste policies, they pave the way for a cleaner, healthier planet.