a, PT: \(C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\)

Ta có: \(n_{Br_2}=\dfrac{4}{160}=0,025\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{C_2H_4}=n_{Br_2}=0,025\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,025.22,4}{2,8}.100\%=20\%\\\%V_{CH_4}=100-20=80\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, Ta có: \(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{2,8.80\%}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\)

\(C_2H_4+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2+2H_2O\)

Theo PT: \(n_{CO_2}=n_{CH_4}+2n_{C_2H_4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(CO_2+Ca\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow CaCO_{3\downarrow}+H_2O\)

Theo PT: \(n_{CaCO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow a=m_{CaCO_3}=0,15.100=15\left(g\right)\)

a, PT: $C^2{H}^4+B{r}^2\to C^2{H}^{4}B{r}^2$

Ta có: $n^{B{r}^2}=\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{4}{160}=0,025\left(mol\right)$

Theo PT: $n^{C^2{H}^4}=n^{B{r}^2}=0,025\left(mol\right)$

$\Rightarrow \{\begin{array}{c}\%V^{C^2{H}^4}=\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{0,025.22,4}{2,8}.100\%=20\%\\ \%V^{C{H}^4}=100-20=80\%\end{array}$

b, Ta có: $n^{C{H}^4}=\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{2,8.80\%}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)$

PT: $C{H}^4+2O^2\underrightarrow{t^o}C{O}^2+2H^{2}O$

$C^2{H}^4+3O^2\underrightarrow{t^o}2C{O}^2+2H^{2}O$

Theo PT: $n^{C{O}^2}=n^{C{H}^4}+2n^{C^2{H}^4}=0,15\left(mol\right)$

PT: $C{O}^2+Ca{\left(OH\right)}^2\to CaC{O}^{3\downarrow }+H^{2}O$

Theo PT: $n^{CaC{O}^3}=n^{C{O}^2}=0,15\left(mol\right)$

$\Rightarrow a=m^{CaC{O}^3}=0,15.100=15\left(g\right)$

a, PT: \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)

b, Ta có: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{1,95}{65}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1,47}{98}=0,015\left(mol\right)\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,03}{1}>\dfrac{0,015}{1}\), ta được Zn dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{Zn\left(pư\right)}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,015\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{Zn\left(dư\right)}=0,03-0,015=0,015\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn\left(dư\right)}=0,015.65=0,975\left(g\right)\)

c, \(n_{H_2}=n_{H_2SO_4}=0,015\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,015.22,4=0,336\left(l\right)\)

(1) \(2CH_4\xrightarrow[lln]{1500^oC}C_2H_2+3H_2\)

(2) \(C_2H_2+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o,Pd}C_2H_4\)

(3) \(C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\)

 (4) \(CH_4+Cl_2\underrightarrow{as}CH_3Cl+HCl\)

 (5) \(C_2H_2+2Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_2Br_4\)

 (6) \(C_2H_2+2H_2\underrightarrow{t^o,Ni}C_2H_6\)

 (7) \(C_2H_4+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o,Ni}C_2H_6\)

(1) $2C{H}^4\stackrel{lln}{\to }{C}^2{H}^2+3H^2$

(2) $C^2{H}^2+H^2\underrightarrow{t^o,Pd}{C}^2{H}^4$

(3) $C^2{H}^4+B{r}^2\to C^2{H}^{4}B{r}^2$

 (4) $C{H}^4+C{l}^2\underrightarrow{as}C{H}^{3}Cl+HCl$

 (5) $C^2{H}^2+2B{r}^2\to C^2{H}^{2}B{r}^4$

 (6) $C^2{H}^2+2H^2\underrightarrow{t^o,Ni}{C}^2{H}^6$

 (7) $C^2{H}^4+H^2\underrightarrow{t^o,Ni}{C}^2{H}^6$

 

- các oxit bazo là

FeO: sắt (II) oxit

Na2O: Natri oxit

Fe2O3: sắt (III) oxit

K2O: kali oxit

- các oxit axit là

NO2: nito dioxit

P2O5: diphotpho pentaoxit

SO3: lưu huỳnh trioxit

CO2: cacbon dioxit

SiO2: Silic dioxit

FeO - oxit bazo - Sắt (II) oxit

Na₂O - oxit bazo - Natri oxit

Fe₂O₃ - oxit bazo - Sắt (III) oxit

NO₂ - oxit axit - Nito đioxit

P₂O₅ - oxit axit - Điphotpho pentaoxit

K₂O - oxit bazo - Kali oxit

SO₃ - oxit axit - Lưu huỳnh trioxit

CO₂ - oxit axit - Cacbon đioxit

SiO₂ - oxit axit - Silic đioxit

a, PT: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

Coi hh X gồm: Fe, Cu và O.

Ta có: n_Fe = 0,3 (mol)

Quá trình khử oxit: \(H_2+O_{\left(trongoxit\right)}\rightarrow H_2O\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{O\left(trongoxit\right)}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ m_Cu = 39,2 - m_Fe - m_{O (trong oxit)} = 39,2 - 0,3.56 - 0,6.16 = 12,8 (g)

BTNT Cu, có: \(n_{CuO}=n_{Cu}=\dfrac{12,8}{64}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{CuO}=\dfrac{0,2.80}{39,2}.100\%\approx40,82\%\\\%m_{Fe_xO_y}\approx100-40,82\approx59,18\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, Ta có: \(m_{Fe_xO_y}=39,2-m_{CuO}=23,2\left(g\right)\)

⇒ m_{O (trong FexOy)} = 23,2 - m_Fe = 6,4 (g) \(\Rightarrow n_O=\dfrac{6,4}{16}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ x:y = 0,3:0,4 = 3:4

Vậy: CTHH cần tìm là Fe₃O₄.

hô hấp

đốt lửa

Giả sử M có hóa trị n.

PT: \(2M+nCl_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2MCl_n\)

\(MCl_n+nNaOH\rightarrow M\left(OH\right)_{n\downarrow}+nNaCl\)

Ta có: \(n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{MCl_n}=\dfrac{2}{n}n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{0,6}{n}\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{M\left(OH\right)_n}=\dfrac{21,4}{M_M+17n}\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{MCl_n}=n_{M\left(OH\right)_n}\Rightarrow\dfrac{0,6}{n}=\dfrac{21,4}{M_M+17n}\)

\(\Rightarrow M_M=\dfrac{56}{3}n\left(g/mol\right)\)

Với n = 3 thì M_M = 56 (g/mol) là tm.

Vậy: M là Fe.

giup to voi

Giả sử KL có hóa trị n.

PT: \(2M+2nHCl\rightarrow2MCl_n+nH_2\)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_M=\dfrac{2}{n}nH_2=\dfrac{0,4}{n}\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow M_M=\dfrac{4,8}{\dfrac{0,4}{n}}=12n\left(g/mol\right)\)

Với n = 2 thì M_M = 24 (g/mol) là tm

Vậy: M là Mg.

Ta có: \(n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{MgCl_2}=0,2.95=19\left(g\right)\)