Thể tích khí oxi có trong kk:
\(V_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{5}V_{kk}\Rightarrow V_{O_2}\dfrac{1}{5}28\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=5,6\left(l\right)\)

a, Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2,7}{27}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)

Theo PT: \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=0,05\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Al_2O_3}=0,05.102=5,1\left(g\right)\)

b, Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al}=0,075\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,075.22,4=1,68\left(l\right)\)

c, Có lẽ đề cho 0,112 chứ không phải 0,1121 bạn nhỉ?

Ta có: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{0,112}{22,4}=0,005\left(mol\right)\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{4}>\dfrac{0,005}{3}\), ta được Al dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{300}\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{300}.102=0,34\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{Na}=\dfrac{4,6}{23}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{Ca}=\dfrac{1,2}{40}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\)

\(Ca+2H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2+H_2\)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Na}+n_{Ca}=0,13\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,13.22,4=2,912\left(l\right)\)

a, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{8,4}{22,4}=0,375\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,25}{2}< \dfrac{0,375}{1}\), ta được O₂ dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{O_2\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{H_2}=0,125\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,375-0,125=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{O_2\left(dư\right)}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\)

b, Theo PT: \(n_{H_2O}=n_{H_2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=0,25.18=4,5\left(g\right)\)

a, \(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2P_2O_5\)

b, \(n_P=\dfrac{6,2}{31}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{5}{4}n_P=0,25\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\)

c, \(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)

Theo PT: \(n_{KMnO_4}=2n_{O_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{KMnO_4}=0,5.158=79\left(g\right)\)

Gọi CTHH của oxit sắt là Fe_xO_y.

PT: \(ZnO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Zn+H_2O\)

\(Fe_xO_y+yH_2\underrightarrow{t^o}xFe+yH_2O\)

\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

B gồm: Zn và Fe.

Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ 65a + 56b = 17,7 (1)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}+n_{Fe}=a+b=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\left(mol\right)\\b=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{ZnO}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_xO_y}=\dfrac{1}{x}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,2}{x}\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Có: m_ZnO + m_FexOy = 24,1 ⇒ m_FexOy = 24,1 - 0,1.81 = 16 (g)

\(\Rightarrow M_{Fe_xO_y}=\dfrac{16}{\dfrac{0,2}{x}}=80x\left(g/mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow56x+16y=80x\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)

Vậy: CTHH cần tìm là Fe₂O₃.

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{ZnO}=\dfrac{0,1.81}{24,1}.100\%\approx33,61\%\\\%m_{Fe_2O_3}\approx66,39\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Zn}=b\left(mol\right)\\n_{Cu}=c\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ 27a + 65b + 64c = 18,3 (1)

- Cho hh pư với H₂SO₄.

PT: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)

\(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}+n_{Zn}=\dfrac{3}{2}a+b=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)

- Cho hh pư với không khí.

Ta có: ka + kb + kc = 0,8 (3)

PT: \(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)

\(2Zn+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2ZnO\)

\(2Cu+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CuO\)

Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al}+\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Zn}+\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Cu}=\dfrac{3}{4}ka+\dfrac{1}{2}kb+\dfrac{1}{2}kc=\dfrac{56}{22,4}.\dfrac{1}{5}=0,5\left(4\right)\)

Từ (3) và (4) ⇒ a - b - c = 0 (5)

Từ (1) (2) và (5) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\left(mol\right)\\b=0,1\left(mol\right)\\c=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2.27}{18,3}.100\%\approx29,51\%\\\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,1.65}{18,3}.100\%\approx35,52\%\\\%m_{Cu}\approx34,97\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Theo ĐLBT KL: m _X + m_O2 = m_Y

⇒ m_O2 = 8,7 - 6,7 = 2 (g)

\(\Rightarrow n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2}{32}=0,0625\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,0625.22,4=1,4\left(l\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{kk}=5V_{O_2}=7\left(l\right)\)

PT: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)

Ta có: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)

Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)

\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,2}=2\left(M\right)\)