Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct

answer to each of the question.

If "suburb" means an urban margin that grows more rapidly than its already developed interior, the process of suburbanization began during the emergence of the industrial city in the second quarter of the nineteenth century. Before that period the city was a small highly compact cluster in which people moved about on foot and goods were conveyed by horse and cart. But the early factories built in the 1830's and 1840's were located along waterways and near railheads at the edges of cities, and housing was needed for the thousands of people drawn by the prospect of employment. In time, the factories were surrounded by proliferating mill towns of apartments and row houses that abutted the older, main cities. As a defense against this encroachment and to enlarge their tax bases, the cities appropriated their industrial neighbors. In 1854, for example, the city of Philadelphia annexed most of Philadelphia County. Similar municipal maneuvers took place in Chicago and in New York. Indeed, most great cities of the United States achieved such status only by incorporating the communities along their borders.

With the acceleration of industrial growth came acute urban crowding and accompanying social stress conditions that began to approach disastrous proportions when, in 1888, the first commercially successful electric traction line was developed. Within a few years the horse-drawn trolleys were retired and electric streetcar networks crisscrossed and connected every major urban area, fostering a wave of suburbanization that transformed the compact industrial city into a dispersed metropolis. This first phase of mass-scale suburbanization was reinforced by the simultaneous emergence of the urban Middle class 64whose desires for homeownership in neighborhoods far from the aging inner city were satisfied by the developers of single-family housing tracts.                                                                                                 

Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A. The growth of Philadelphia

B. The Origin of the Suburb 

C. The Development of City Transportation 

D. The Rise of the Urban Middle Class

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 25 to 29. Fill in the appropriate word in question 26

  Education was not formally integrated into the European Union policy portfolio until the 1993 Maastricht Treaty, although the first Community legislation with an impact on the education sector was adopted as long as the 1960s. These early (25)____________ dealt with mutual recognition of qualifications. Achieving recognition by one member state of a qualification obtained in another was an important pre-condition for implementing the free movement of workers.

  Citizens of EU (26) ____________ who are students now enjoy the same rights to access to higher education in all member states as they do in their home country, provided that they have the relevant qualifications for entry. Growing numbers of student (27) ____________ activities have been developed, of which the oldest and most famous is 1987 Erasmus program. By recognizing course credits, Erasmus (28) ____________ university students to study for one year in a different member state. A separate program, Leonardo, gives young school leavers, students and graduates the chance to receive educational training.

  Few EU initiatives enjoy (29) ____________ wholehearted and widespread political support as these higher education programs. The key issue for future initiatives is to build on this success without being over- ambitious. Unfortunately, these programs are becoming very expensive, and this is now the primary areas of concern.

A. organizations

B. countries

C. provinces

D. agencies

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct

answer to each of the question.

If "suburb" means an urban margin that grows more rapidly than its already developed interior, the process of suburbanization began during the emergence of the industrial city in the second quarter of the nineteenth century. Before that period the city was a small highly compact cluster in which people moved about on foot and goods were conveyed by horse and cart. But the early factories built in the 1830's and 1840's were located along waterways and near railheads at the edges of cities, and housing was needed for the thousands of people drawn by the prospect of employment. In time, the factories were surrounded by proliferating mill towns of apartments and row houses that abutted the older, main cities. As a defense against this encroachment and to enlarge their tax bases, the cities appropriated their industrial neighbors. In 1854, for example, the city of Philadelphia annexed most of Philadelphia County. Similar municipal maneuvers took place in Chicago and in New York. Indeed, most great cities of the United States achieved such status only by incorporating the communities along their borders.

With the acceleration of industrial growth came acute urban crowding and accompanying social stress conditions that began to approach disastrous proportions when, in 1888, the first commercially successful electric traction line was developed. Within a few years the horse-drawn trolleys were retired and electric streetcar networks crisscrossed and connected every major urban area, fostering a wave of suburbanization that transformed the compact industrial city into a dispersed metropolis. This first phase of mass-scale suburbanization was reinforced by the simultaneous emergence of the urban Middle class 64whose desires for homeownership in neighborhoods far from the aging inner city were satisfied by the developers of single-family housing tracts.                                                                                                 

Which of the following was NOT mentioned in the passage as a factor in nineteenth-century suburbanization?

A. Cheaper housing

B. Urban crowding 

C. The advent of an urban middle class 

D. The invention of the electric streetcar

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks from (1) to (10).

PROACTIVE JOB HUNTING

Once upon a time, people left school or university, joined a company and stayed with it until they retired. The concept of a job for life is now long (1) x , and nowadays many employees find it hard o stay loyal to their companies for even a relatively short period of time. According to a recent survey, this is particularly (2) x in London, where more than half of those asked said that they constantly (3) x one eye on other job opportunities, (4) x they are fairly happy in their existing job. A high number of London workers say that they are always on the (5) x , although they are content and motivated in their current position.

Job seekers find that the internet (6) x them with a quick and easy way to find out what's available, and 53 percent said that they had applied for a job or registered with an employment agency inthe past 12 months. This proactive (7) x means that people can look for a perfect job match with the (8) x of effort. But while this is good for job hunters, the growing lack of company loyalty could (9) x up being a big problem for employers .Perhaps surprisingly, the (10) x factors attracting job seekers was not more money, but challenging and interesting work.Question 8

A. minimum

B. lowest

C. smallest

D. least

Mark the letter A, B, c, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions

Ancient people made (A) a clay pottery (B) because they needed (C) it for (D) their survival.

A. clay 

B> because 

C. needed 

D. their survival

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.

Their holiday plans fell through because there was a shooting at their school on Valentine's Day.

A. A shooting at their school on Valentine's day almost put a stop to their holiday plans. 

B. They failed to go on the holiday like they had planned because a shooting tool place at their school on Valentine's Day. 

C. They couldn't go on holiday as planned as a result of shooting at their school on Valentine's Day. 

D. Disappointingly, a shooting at theừ school on Valentine's Day forced their holiday plans to nothing.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word for each of the blanks from (1) to (10).

PROACTIVE JOB HUNTING

Once upon a time, people left school or university, joined a company and stayed with it until they retired. The concept of a job for life is now long (1) x , and nowadays many employees find it hard o stay loyal to their companies for even a relatively short period of time. According to a recent survey, this is particularly (2) x in London, where more than half of those asked said that they constantly (3) x one eye on other job opportunities, (4) x they are fairly happy in their existing job. A high number of London workers say that they are always on the (5) x , although they are content and motivated in their current position.

Job seekers find that the internet (6) x them with a quick and easy way to find out what's available, and 53 percent said that they had applied for a job or registered with an employment agency inthe past 12 months. This proactive (7) x means that people can look for a perfect job match with the (8) x of effort. But while this is good for job hunters, the growing lack of company loyalty could (9) x up being a big problem for employers .Perhaps surprisingly, the (10) x factors attracting job seekers was not more money, but challenging and interesting work.Question 7

A. manner

B.custom

C. approach

D. style