Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.

They stayed for hours, which tired us. 

A. We are tiring from their staying for hours

B. That they stayed for hours made us tired

C. Staying for hours with us made them feel tired

D. We are tired so they stayed for hours

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Face-to-face conversation is a two-way process. You speak to me, I reply to you and so on. Two-way (23)_______depends on having a coding system that is understood by both sender and (24)_______, and an agreed convention about signaling the beginning and end of the message. In speech, the coding system is the language like English or Spanish; the convention that one person speaks at a time may seem too obvious to mention. In fact, the signals (25)_______ in conversation and meetings are often (26)_______. For example, lowering the pitch of the voice may mean the end of a sentence, a sharp intake of breath may signal the desire to interrupt, catching the chairman’s eye may indicate the desire to speak in a formal setting like a debate, a clenched fist may indicate anger. When (27)_______ visual signals are not possible, more formal signals may be needed.

Điền vào ô 25

A. their 

B. These 

C. This 

D. That 

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

Who talks more – men or women? Most people believe that women talk more. However, linguist Deborah Tannen, who has the studied the communication style of men and women, says that this is a stereotype. According to Tannen, women are more verbal – talk more – in private situations, where they use conversation as the “glue” to hold relationship together. But, she says, men talk more in public situations, where they use conversation to exchange information and gain status. Tannen points out that we can see these difference even in children. Little girls often play with one ‘best friend’ and their play includes a lot of conversation. Little boys often play games in groups, their play usually involves more doing than talking. In school, girls are often better at verbal skills, while boys are often better at mathematics.

A recent study at Emory University helps to shed light on the roots of this difference. Researchers studied conversation between children aged 3-6 and their parents. They found evidence that parents talk very differently to their sons than they do to their daughters. The startling conclusion was that parents use more language with their girls. Specifically, when parents talk with their daughters, they use more descriptive language and more details. There is also far more talk about emotions, especially with daughters than with sons.

Which sentence best expresses the main idea of the second paragraph?

A. Researchers have studied the conversations of children and their parents

B. Parents do not much about sadness with their sons

C. Study at Emory University can help to explain the differences between communication styles of boy and girls

D. An Emory University study found than parent talk more with their daughters than with their sons

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions

There is estimated that the Orion nebula contains enough matter to form 10,000 stars. 

A. There 

B. contains 

C. enough 

D. to form 

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.

He survived the operation thanks to the skillful surgeon.

A. He survived because he was a skillful surgeon

B. He wouldn’t have survived the operation without the skillful surgeon

C. There was no skillful surgeon, so he died

D. Though the surgeon was skillful, he couldn’t survive the operation

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 15 to 22.

[1] Advertising helps people recognize a particular brand, persuades them to try it, and tries to keep them loyal to it. Brand loyalty is perhaps the most important goal of consumer advertising. Whether they produce cars, canned foods or cosmetics, manufacturers want their customers to make repeated purchases. [2] The quality of the product will encourage this, of course, but so, too, will affect advertising.

Advertising relies on the techniques of market research to identify potential users of a product. [3] Are they homemakers or professional people? Are they young or old? Are they city dwellers or country dwellers? Such questions have a bearing on where and when ads should be placed. By studying readership breakdowns for newspapers and magazines as well as television ratings and other statistics, an advertising agency can decide on the best way of reaching potential buyers. Detailed research and marketing expertise are essential today when advertising budgets can run into thousands of millions of dollars. [4]

Advertising is a fast-paced, high-pressure industry. There is a constant need for creative ideas that will establish a personality for a product in the public's mind. Current developments in advertising increase the need for talented workers.

In the past, the majority of advertising was aimed at the traditional white family - breadwinner father, non-working mother, and two children. Research now reveals that only about 6 percent of American households fit this stereotype. Instead, society is fragmented into many groups, with working mothers, single people and older people on the rise. To be most successful, advertising must identify a particular segment and aim its message toward that group.

Advertising is also making use of new technologies. Computer graphics are used to grab the attention of consumers and to help them see products in a new light. The use of computer graphics in a commercial for canned goods, for instance, gave a new image to the tin can.

The author implies that the advertising industry requires ___________.

A. a college-educated workforce 

B. government regulation 

C. innovative thinking 

D. millions of dollars 

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 34.

Stars have been significant features in the design of many United States coins and their number has varied from one to forty-eight stars. Most of the coins issued from about 1799 to the early years of the twentieth century bore thirteen stars representing the thirteen original colonies.

Curiously enough, the first American silver coins, issued in 1794, had fifteen stars because by that time Vermont and Kentucky has joined the Union. At that time it was apparently the intention of mint officials to add a star for each new state. Following the admission of Tennessee in 1796, for example, some varieties of half dimes, dimes, and halfdollars were produced with sixteen stars.

As more states were admitted to the Union, however, it quickly became apparent that this scheme would not prove practical and the coins from A798 on were issued with only thirteen stars-one for each of the original colonies. Due to an error at the mint, one variety of the A828 half cent was issued with only twelve stars. There is also a variety of the large cent with only A2 stars, but this is the result of a die break and is not a true error.

The expression “Curiously enough” is used because the author finds it strange that _______.

A. Silver coins with fifteen stars appeared before coins with thirteen

B. Vermont and Kentucky joined the Union in 1794

C. Tennessee was the first state to use half dimes 

D. No silver coins were issued until 1794

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.

In 2018 there was a craze for Bitcoin mining in Vietnam due to the belief that it would bring impressive profits. 

A. inclination 

B. fever 

C. sorrow 

D. indifference 

Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.

Foods of animal origin(A) generally supply greatest (B) amounts(C) of iron to the diet than do foods of(D) plant origin.

A. animal origin

B. greatest 

C. amounts

D. do foods of

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 39 to 45.

Long before they can actually speak, babies pay special attention to the speech they hear around them. Within the first month of their lives, babies' responses to the sound of the human voice will be different from their responses to other sorts of auditory stimuli. They will stop crying when they hear a person talking, but not if they hear a bell or the sound of a rattle. At first, the sounds that an infant notices might be only those words that receive the heaviest emphasis and that often occur at the ends of utterances. By the time they are six or seven weeks old, babies can detect the difference between syllables pronounced with rising and falling inflections. Very soon, these differences in adult stress and intonation can influence babies' emotional states and behavior. Long before they develop actual language comprehension, babies can sense when an adult is playful or angry, attempting to initiate or terminate new behavior, and so on, merely on the basis of cues such as the rate, volume, and melody of adult speech.

Adults make it as easy as they can for babies to pick up a language by exaggerating such cues. One researcher observed babies and their mothers in six diverse cultures and found that, in all six languages, the mothers used simplified syntax, short utterances and nonsense sounds, and transformed certain sounds into baby talk. Other investigators have noted that when mothers talk to babies who are only a few months old, they exaggerate the pitch, loudness, and intensity of their words. They also exaggerate their facial expressions, hold vowels longer, and emphasize certain words.

More significant for language development than their response to general intonation is observation that tiny babies can make relatively fine distinctions between speech sounds. In other words, babies enter the world with the ability to make precisely those perceptual discriminations that are necessary if they are to acquire aural language.

Babies obviously derive pleasure from sound input, too: even as young as nine months they will listen to songs or stories, although the words themselves are beyond their understanding. For babies, language is a sensory-motor delight rather than the route to prosaic meaning that it often is for adults. 

The passage mentions of the following as ways adults modify their speech when talking to their babies EXCEPT _______. 

A. giving all words equal emphasis 

B. speaking with shorter sentences 

C. speaking more loudly than normal 

D. using meaningless sounds