Listen to the conversation and write ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER in each blank.

Polar Bear Migratory Cycle

Choose the word whose underlined part differs from that of the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.

Choose the word that differs from that of the other three in the position of stress in each of the following questions.

Choose the correct answer to each of the following questions.

Read the following advertisement/announcement and choose the correct option that best fits each of the numbered blanks.

Engage in our school's cyberbullying awareness campaign!

We're going to explore the levels of bullying that occur online. By (15)_____________ experiences, raising awareness, and fostering (16)_____________, we're taking proactive steps to combat this issue. With your participation, we're shaping a safer online environment for everyone.

Together, let's combat cyberbullying! (17)_____________ with us to change the world today!

Read the following advertisement/announcement and choose the correct option that best fits each of the numbered blanks.

Exciting news!

Discover the beauty of Cuc Phuong National Park with our new trip!

(18)___________ breathtaking landscapes and diverse wildlife, this adventure is perfect for nature enthusiasts. With expert guides (19)___________ the way, you'll explore ancient forests and encounter rare species. Moreover, included in the package are comfortable accommodations and delicious meals. Thus, this journey is certain to leave you with priceless memories, (20)___________ your level of travel experience.

Make plans to visit Cuc Phuong National Park right away to avoid missing out!

Choose the correct arrangement of the sentences to make a meaningful paragraph/letter in each of the following questions.

Read the passage and choose the correct option that best fits each of the numbered blanks.

Body shaming means saying mean things about someone's body. It can happen in person or online by anyone, including family and friends.

Hurting comments can (23)______________ quickly on social media since it places a strong emphasis on physical appearance. It promotes the idea of achieving the perfect body and hiding flaws, (24)______________. Linked to cyberbullying, body shaming online can be painful. Nevertheless, fighting back against online body shaming and reclaiming self-worth are achievable.

Adolescents are especially prone to (25)______________ for body shaming, weight shaming, and appearance-related shaming. In the teen years, your attitudes and beliefs about body image and self-esteem are primarily influenced by your family, peers, and social media. Mothers can often be role models for their daughters, for example. (26)______________ about her own shape or weight, or points out problems in how you look or eat, it's certain to influence how you see yourself.

(27)______________ that becoming very sensitive to remarks about body shape, weight, and appearance is typical as you grow and develop.Weight-related bullying during adolescence contributes to negative body perceptions and preoccupations with specific body parts. Adolescents (28)______________ are particularly vulnerable, and this can often lead to depression.

Read the passage and choose the correct option that best fits each of the numbered blanks.

“Water is life,” says Autumn Peltier. This teenager is fighting to get clean water for all people. Her family is a member of the Canadian indigenous Wikwemikong First Nation.

Peltier began her fight for clean water when she was young. At eight years old, she went to another First Nations community for a ceremony. There, she saw signs warning that the drinking water, which was "(29)____________," had to be boiled before using it. If they didn't boil it, the water could make them sick. (30)____________ by this, Peltier began to talk about the problem. She started talking about the issue. She spoke at her school and in her community. Soon, she spoke at (31)____________ and even at the United Nations!

When Peltier was 14, she became the Chief Water Commissioner for the Anishinabek Nation, a group (32)____________ advocates for 40 First Nations. In this role, she (33)____________ young people to help with clean water. "Respect all living things," she advises. "Get your school or class to do something to help the land. If we all work together," Peltier says, "we might make a big difference."

Read the passage and choose the correct answer to each of the following questions.

1. Biologists from the University of Wyoming used GPS collars to track mule deer. Previously, it was believed that the deer in southern Wyoming formed a resident herd. However, biologists discovered that around 5,000 mule deer migrate up to 150 miles twice a year between wintering grounds in the Red Desert and summer grazing areas in the Upper Hoback River watershed. This journey takes them through various areas, including public and private lands, major highways, neighborhoods, rivers, and many fences.

2. The discovery revealed that the herds' important migration was in danger. Open lands were now developed, and new barriers blocked the way. Thousands of mule deer were forced between residential areas and lakes. The situation was dire at the Fremont Lake bottleneck, where deer faced a mile-long elk fence. Mule deer searched for a way through while a crucial 364-acre parcel in this bottleneck was set for development, worsening the situation.

3. Under the leadership of The Conservation Fund, biologists, state officials, foundations, and conservation organizations sprang into action, quickly raising funds to buy the bottleneck property and eventually transfer it to the state. The Conservation Fund also made efforts to tear down fencing and improve other features, clearing the path for mule deer migration. Mark Elsbree of The Conservation Fund said, "Protecting migration routes like this, especially at critical bottlenecks, will take a concerted conservation effort that ties together scientific discovery, funding from public and private organizations, and the help of willing landowners."

Read the passage and choose the correct answer to each of the following questions.

1. Infectious disease outbreaks have increased in recent decades along with global warming. Public health has recently been challenged by SARS, MERS, Zika, West Nile, COVID-19, and now outbreaks of monkeypox and polio.

2. Viruses don't adapt to higher temperatures. Instead, climate changes affect the animals they infect. As global temperatures rise, the habitats of many disease-carrying animals expand, like mosquitoes. According to Gigi Gronvall, senior scholar at Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security, this increases the risk of viruses spreading among mammals, including humans.

3. With global warming, mosquitoes are moving further north. Diseases like dengue, normally found in tropical areas, have spread to places like New York City. Cases aren't just from travelers; infected mosquitoes in the region also contribute. In some lower-income countries, where mosquitoes thrive, their active period has increased by 39% between 1950-1959 and 2010-2019, according to The Lancet report. Hotter temperatures due to droughts can promote mosquito-borne illnesses like West Nile disease, even though mosquitoes typically live in wetter, humid climates. During drier drought conditions, birds—one of the animal vectors for mosquitoes— gather in scarce water areas, providing ideal conditions for mosquitoes to find new hosts. Bats also expand into new habitats in response to climate change stress, increasing their movement and the risk of spreading diseases like coronaviruses by interacting with people.

4. Understanding shifting behaviors and habitats is crucial because the health of one species affects all. Scientists stress the importance of studying how viruses and bacteria move among different animals to grasp their impact on human health. "It's tough to build bridges between different communities," Gronvall says, such as the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Environmental Protection Agency or the Department of Agriculture. "But we are going to need a much more integrated approach to tackling research questions that everyone agrees are important."