• Cuộc khởi nghĩa Hai Bà Trưng (40-43 CN):Đây là cuộc khởi nghĩa chống lại sự đô hộ của nhà Hán, được coi là một mốc quan trọng trong lịch sử Việt Nam. 
• Cách mạng tháng Hai 1917 và Cách mạng tháng Mười 1917 (Nga):Cách mạng Tháng Hai lật đổ chế độ Sa Hoàng, còn Cách mạng Tháng Mười thiết lập nhà nước vô sản đầu tiên trên thế giới. 
• Công xã Paris (1871):Là cuộc cách mạng vô sản đầu tiên trên thế giới do giai cấp công nhân Pháp lãnh đạo, đánh dấu thắng lợi của chủ nghĩa tư bản đối với phong kiến. 

• Mỗi cuộc khởi nghĩa đều có ảnh hưởng lớn đến lịch sử của đất nước và thế giới, thể hiện ý chí đấu tranh cho tự do, độc lập và quyền tự quyết.
• Cuộc khởi nghĩa Hai Bà Trưng, Công xã Paris và Cách mạng Tháng Mười Nga là những minh chứng cho sự phát triển của lịch sử, thể hiện sự thay đổi về chính trị, xã hội.  Tham khảo

10 điểm ko có nhưng

The Imperative of "Degrowth"
Critically evaluating whether developed nations must abandon economic growth for ecological sustainability and global equity

In the face of mounting ecological crises, the proposition of "degrowth" has emerged as a radical yet increasingly discussed response to the environmental and social consequences of continuous economic expansion. Degrowth advocates argue that developed nations must fundamentally restructure their economies to reduce consumption, scale down production, and shift priorities from GDP growth to ecological balance and social well-being. While the imperative of addressing planetary boundaries and global inequities is unquestionable, whether degrowth is the most viable or necessary strategy remains highly contested. This essay critically evaluates the proposition that developed nations should abandon the pursuit of economic growth and actively pursue degrowth, examining its theoretical underpinnings, practical challenges, and alternatives.

The Case for Degrowth

Degrowth emerges from ecological economics and critiques the mainstream notion that infinite growth is possible or desirable on a finite planet. Proponents like Serge Latouche and Giorgos Kallis argue that economic growth, particularly in developed nations, is tightly coupled with ecological degradation. Despite decades of growth, carbon emissions, biodiversity loss, and resource depletion have intensified. The Global North, with its disproportionate ecological footprint, bears a significant responsibility for these impacts. Degrowth thus calls for a planned, equitable downscaling of production and consumption to bring human activity back within planetary boundaries.

Moreover, degrowth is not merely about reducing GDP; it envisions a reorientation of societal goals toward well-being, community, and ecological health. It challenges consumerism, promotes localism, and advocates for shorter workweeks, universal basic services, and redistributive policies. From a global equity perspective, degrowth also implies that space must be created for the Global South to pursue development, potentially requiring contraction in the North to allow for sustainable expansion elsewhere.

Critiques and Challenges

However, the degrowth proposition faces significant theoretical and practical challenges. First, the link between GDP growth and environmental harm, while historically strong, is not immutable. The concept of "green growth" argues that technological innovation and decoupling can allow economies to grow while reducing their ecological footprint. Empirical evidence is mixed—absolute decoupling has occurred in some regions for specific indicators (e.g., CO₂ emissions per unit of GDP), but the global scale of decoupling necessary remains unprecedented.

Second, economic growth is deeply embedded in political institutions and social expectations. Growth underpins employment, public revenues, and financial systems. A sudden halt or reversal in growth could lead to rising unemployment, fiscal crises, and social unrest unless robust transition mechanisms are implemented. Moreover, the political feasibility of degrowth is questionable; mainstream political discourse remains largely committed to growth as a measure of success.

Third, the ethical dimension of degrowth raises questions. While it aims to promote global equity, a shrinking economy in the Global North could generate backlash, especially among working-class populations who might suffer most from reduced job opportunities or social spending unless redistribution is aggressively pursued. The risk is that degrowth could become regressive if not carefully managed.

Alternatives and Middle Grounds

Given these challenges, some scholars advocate for a "post-growth" or "well-being economy" approach that retains elements of the degrowth critique without mandating GDP contraction. This perspective focuses on measuring success through alternative indicators (e.g., Gross National Happiness, Human Development Index), investing in public goods, and ensuring social equity—while recognizing the continued need for economic dynamism.

Another alternative is pursuing "strong sustainability" through targeted regulation, green investment, and systemic changes such as circular economies and clean energy transitions. These strategies aim to realign growth with ecological goals rather than reject growth altogether. While this approach faces the risk of greenwashing, it may be more politically and economically feasible in the short-to-medium term.

Conclusion

The call for degrowth reflects a vital and urgent critique of unsustainable economic paradigms and the ecological injustices perpetuated by the current global order. It rightly emphasizes the limits of our planet and the need for a fairer distribution of resources. However, abandoning economic growth in developed nations altogether may not be the most viable path forward, given the socio-political challenges and uncertainties about alternatives. Instead, a nuanced strategy that combines ecological limits, social justice, and institutional transformation—potentially under the banner of post-growth or well-being economies—may offer a more pragmatic yet transformative route to sustainability and equity.

Tham khảo

Tính từ giai đoạn 1945 đến đầu những năm 1990, có thể đã có hơn 3,5 - 4 triệu người Việt Nam hy sinh trong các cuộc chiến tranh.

x4−2x3+3x2−4x+2017=x4+2x2−2x3−4x+x2+2+2015

\(= \left(\right. x^{2} + 2 \left.\right) \left(\right. x^{2} - 2 x + 1 \left.\right) + 2015 = \left(\right. x^{2} + 2 \left.\right) \left(\left(\right. x - 1 \left.\right)\right)^{2} + 2015 \geq 2015\)

Dấu \(=\)khi \(x - 1 = 0 \Leftrightarrow x = 1\).

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