với a b c là 3 số dương chứng minh rằng a^3/b+b^3/c+c^3/a>=a^2+b^2+c^2
Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.


Bài 6 . Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy , ta có :
a2 + b2 ≥ 2ab ( a > 0 ; b > 0)
⇔ ( a + b)2 ≥ 4ab
⇔ \(\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\)≥ ab
⇔ \(\dfrac{a+b}{4}\) ≥ \(\dfrac{ab}{a+b}\) ( 1 )
CMTT , ta cũng được : \(\dfrac{b+c}{4}\) ≥ \(\dfrac{bc}{b+c}\) ( 2) ; \(\dfrac{a+c}{4}\) ≥ \(\dfrac{ac}{a+c}\)( 3)
Cộng từng vế của ( 1 ; 2 ; 3 ) , Ta có :
\(\dfrac{a+b}{4}\) + \(\dfrac{b+c}{4}\) + \(\dfrac{a+c}{4}\) ≥ \(\dfrac{ab}{a+b}\) + \(\dfrac{bc}{b+c}\) + \(\dfrac{ac}{a+c}\)
⇔ \(\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\) ≥ \(\dfrac{ab}{a+b}\) + \(\dfrac{bc}{b+c}\) + \(\dfrac{ac}{a+c}\)
Bài 4.
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho các số dương a , b, c , ta có :
\(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\) ≥ \(2\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b}}\) ( a > 0 ; b > 0) ( 1)
\(1+\dfrac{b}{c}\) ≥ \(2\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{c}}\) ( b > 0 ; c > 0) ( 2)
\(1+\dfrac{c}{a}\) ≥ \(2\sqrt{\dfrac{c}{a}}\) ( a > 0 ; c > 0) ( 3)
Nhân từng vế của ( 1 ; 2 ; 3) , ta được :
\(\left(1+\dfrac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{b}{c}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\) ≥ \(8\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b}.\dfrac{b}{c}.\dfrac{c}{a}}=8\)

\(VT=\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\)
\(=\frac{a}{b+c}+1+\frac{b}{c+a}+1+\frac{c}{a+b}+1-3\)
\(=\frac{a+b+c}{b+c}+\frac{a+b+c}{c+a}+\frac{a+b+c}{a+b}-3\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\right)-3\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left[\left(a+b\right)+\left(b+c\right)+\left(c+a\right)\right]\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\right)-3\)
C/m BĐT phụ \(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\ge9\) (*) với x, y, z dương
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si ta có:
\(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\ge3\sqrt[3]{xyz}.3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{xyz}}=9\)
ÁP dụng BĐT (*) ta có:
\(VT=\frac{1}{2}\left[\left(x+y\right)+\left(y+z\right)+\left(z+x\right)\right]\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}\right)-3\)
\(VT\ge\frac{1}{2}.9-3\)\(=\)\(\frac{3}{2}\) (đpcm)
\(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}\)
\(=\frac{a^2}{ab+ac}+\frac{b^2}{ba+bc}+\frac{c^2}{ca+cb}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\ge\frac{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}=\frac{3}{2}\)

\(\Sigma_{sym}a^4b^4\ge\frac{\left(\Sigma_{sym}a^2b^2\right)^2}{3}\ge\frac{\left(\Sigma_{sym}ab\right)^4}{27}\ge\frac{a^2b^2c^2\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}=3a^4b^4c^4\)
\(\Sigma\frac{a^5}{bc^2}\ge\frac{\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)^2}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)}\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^4}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)^3}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^6\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{27abc\left(a+b+c\right)^3}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(3\sqrt[3]{abc}\right)^3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{27abc}=a^2+b^2+c^2\)

1a)Xét a2 + 5 - 4a =a2 - 4a + 4+1=(a - 2)2+1\(\ge\)1 hay (a -2)2 + 1 > 0
\(\Rightarrow\)Đpcm
b)Xét 3(a2 + b2 + c2) -(a + b +c)2 =3a2 + 3b2 + 3c2 - a2 - b2 - c2 - 2ab - 2ac - 2bc
=2a2 + 2b2 + 2c2 - 2ab - 2ac - 2bc
=(a - b)2 + (a - c)2 + (b - c)2\(\ge\)0 (với mọi a,b,c)
\(\Rightarrow\)Đpcm
2)Xét A=\(\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\left(a+c+b\right)=3+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{a}{c}+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}+\frac{c}{b}\)
áp dụng cô-sy
\(\Rightarrow\)A\(\ge\)9
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{9}{a+b+c}=3\)

Ta chứng minh: \(a^3+b^3\ge ab\left(a+b\right)\)
Thực vậy, BĐT tương đương:
\(a^3+b^3-a^2b-ab^2\ge0\Leftrightarrow a^2\left(a-b\right)-b^2\left(a-b\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2-b^2\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a+b\right)\ge0\) (luôn đúng với a; b dương)
Vậy BĐT được chứng minh
Tương tự ta có: \(b^3+c^3\ge bc\left(b+c\right)\); \(c^3+a^3\ge ca\left(c+a\right)\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\ge ab\left(a+b\right)+bc\left(b+c\right)+ca\left(c+a\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{ab\left(a+b\right)+bc\left(b+c\right)+ca\left(c+a\right)}\ge\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)}=\frac{1}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)

Lời giải:
\(\text{BĐT}\Leftrightarrow \left ( \frac{a^2}{b}-2a+b \right )+\left ( \frac{b^2}{c}-2b+c \right )+\left ( \frac{c^2}{a}-2c+a \right )\geq \frac{6(a^2+b^2+c^2)}{a+b+c}-2(a+b+c)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{(a-b)^2}{b}+\frac{(b-c)^2}{c}+\frac{(c-a)^2}{a}\geq \frac{2[(a-b)^2+(b-c)^2+(c-a)^2)]}{a+b+c}(1)\)
Do BĐT có tính hoán vị giữa các biến nên giả sử $b$ nằm giữa $a$ và $c$
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{(a-b)^2}{b}+\frac{(b-c)^2}{c}+\frac{(c-a)^2}{a}\geq \frac{[(a-b)+(b-c)+(a-c)]^2}{a+b+c}=\frac{4(a-c)^2}{a+b+c}(2)\)
Ta chỉ cần CM \(\frac{4(a-c)^2}{a+b+c}\geq \frac{2[(a-b)^2+(b-c)^2+(c-a)^2]}{a+b+c}(3)\Leftrightarrow (a-c)^2\geq (a-b)^2+(b-c)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (b-a)(b-c)\leq 0\). Điều này luôn đúng với $b$ nằm giữa $a$ và $c$
Từ \((1);(2);(3)\Rightarrow \text{đpcm}\). Dấu $=$ xảy ra khi $a=b=c$
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si dạng Engel,ta có :
\(\frac{a^3}{b}+\frac{b^3}{c}+\frac{c^3}{a}=\frac{a^4}{ab}+\frac{b^4}{bc}+\frac{c^4}{ac}\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{ab+bc+ac}\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=a^2+b^2+c^2\)
( vì \(ab+bc+ac\le a^2+b^2+c^2\))
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = b = c