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Bất đẳng thức cần chứng minh tương đương với\(\Sigma_{cyc}\left(\sqrt{5a^2+4bc}-2\sqrt{bc}\right)\ge\sqrt{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\)
Hay \(\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{5a^2}{\sqrt{5a^2+4bc}+2\sqrt{bc}}\ge\sqrt{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}}\left(\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{5a^2}{\sqrt{5a^2+4bc}+2\sqrt{bc}}\right)\ge1\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy ta có \(2\sqrt{5a^2+4bc}\sqrt{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\le8a^2+3b^2+3c^2+4bc\)\(4\sqrt{bc}\sqrt{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}=\frac{4.3\sqrt{bc}.\sqrt{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}}{3}\)\(\le\frac{2\left(3a^2+3b^2+3c^2+9bc\right)}{3}=2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+3bc\right)\)
Cộng theo vế hai bất đẳng thức trên ta được \(2\left(\sqrt{5a^2+4bc}+2\sqrt{bc}\right)\sqrt{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\)\(\le10a^2+5b^2+5c^2+10bc\)
Suy ra \(\frac{10a^2}{2\left(\sqrt{5a^2+4bc}+2\sqrt{bc}\right)\sqrt{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}}\)\(\ge\frac{10a^2}{10a^2+5b^2+5c^2+10bc}\)
Lại có \(10bc\le5b^2+5c^2\)nên \(\frac{10a^2}{10a^2+5b^2+5c^2+10bc}\ge\frac{10a^2}{10a^2+10b^2+10c^2}=\frac{a^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)
Do đó ta được \(\frac{5a^2}{\left(\sqrt{5a^2+4bc}+2\sqrt{bc}\right)\sqrt{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}}\ge\frac{a^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)(1)
Hoàn toàn tương tự, ta được: \(\frac{5b^2}{\left(\sqrt{5b^2+4ca}+2\sqrt{ca}\right)\sqrt{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}}\ge\frac{b^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)(2) ; \(\frac{5c^2}{\left(\sqrt{5c^2+4ab}+2\sqrt{ab}\right)\sqrt{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}}\ge\frac{c^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)(3)
Cộng theo vế của 3 BĐT (1), (2), (3), ta được: \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}}\left(\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{5a^2}{\sqrt{5a^2+4bc}+2\sqrt{bc}}\right)\ge\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=1\)
Vậy bất đẳng thức được chứng minh
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c
\(VT=\dfrac{a}{b\left(b^2+a\right)}+\dfrac{b}{c\left(c^2+b\right)}+\dfrac{c}{a\left(a^2+c\right)}\)
\(VT=\dfrac{a+b^2-b^2}{b\left(b^2+a\right)}+\dfrac{b+c^2-c^2}{c\left(c^2+b\right)}+\dfrac{c+a^2-a^2}{a\left(a^2+c\right)}\)
\(VT=\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{b}{b^2+a}+\dfrac{1}{c}-\dfrac{c}{c^2+b}+\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{a}{a^2+c}\)
\(VT=\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}-\left(\dfrac{b}{b^2+a}+\dfrac{c}{c^2+b}+\dfrac{a}{a^2+c}\right)\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{b}{b^2+a}\le\dfrac{b}{2b\sqrt{a}}=\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{a}}\)
Thiết lập tương tự và thu lại tao có
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}-\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{b}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{c}}\right)\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{a}}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{a}+1}{2}\)
Tương tự ta có
\(\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{b}}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{b}+1}{2};\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{c}}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{c}+1}{2}\)
Thu lại ta có
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}-\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}+3}{2}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}-\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}+3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy dạng phân thức
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{3}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)-\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}.\dfrac{9}{a+b+c}-\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
\(P=\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{c+ab}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{bc}{a+bc}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{ca}{b+ca}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{c\left(a+b+c\right)+ab}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{bc}{a\left(a+b+c\right)+bc}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{ca}{b\left(a+b+c\right)+ca}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{bc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{ca}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\)
\(\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}+\dfrac{c}{a+c}+\dfrac{b}{a+b}+\dfrac{c}{b+c}+\dfrac{a}{a+b}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\("=" \Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxki:
\(\left(1^2+4^2\right)\left(a^2+\frac{1}{b^2}\right)\ge\left(1.a+4.\frac{1}{b}\right)^2\)\(\Rightarrow a^2+\frac{1}{b^2}\ge\frac{1}{17}\left(a+\frac{4}{b}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{a^2+\frac{1}{b^2}}\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(a+\frac{4}{b}\right)\)
Tương tự, ta có: \(\sqrt{b^2+\frac{1}{c^2}}\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(b+\frac{4}{c}\right)\)
và \(\sqrt{c^2+\frac{1}{a^2}}\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(c+\frac{4}{a}\right)\)
Cộng từng vế của các BĐT trên, ta được:
\(P\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(a+b+c+\frac{4}{a}+\frac{4}{b}+\frac{4}{c}\right)\)\(\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left(a+b+c+\frac{36}{a+b+c}\right)\)(svac - xơ)
\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{17}}\left[\left(a+b+c\right)+\frac{9}{4\left(a+b+c\right)}+\frac{135}{4\left(a+b+c\right)}\right]\ge\frac{3\sqrt{17}}{2}\)
Vậy \(P=\sqrt{a^2+\frac{1}{b^2}}\)\(+\sqrt{b^2+\frac{1}{c^2}}\)\(+\sqrt{c^2+\frac{1}{a^2}}\ge\frac{3\sqrt{17}}{2}\)
(Dấu "="\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=2\))
Bài em làm ok rồi nhưng mà dấu bằng xảy ra bị sai. Em kiểm tra lại!๖²⁴ʱČøøℓ ɮøү 2к⁷༉
TRẦN MINH HOÀNG
bạn giải thích zup tôi phần \(\frac{abc}{ab+bc+ac}ra\left(a+b+c\right)\)với
1.
\(\left(1+a\right)^2=\left(1.1+\sqrt{\frac{a}{b}}.\sqrt{ab}\right)^2\le\left(1+\frac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+ab\right)=\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(1+ab\right)}{b}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\left(1+a\right)^2}\ge\frac{b}{\left(a+b\right)\left(1+ab\right)}\)
\(\left(1+b\right)^2\le\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(1+ab\right)}{a}\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\left(1+b\right)^2}\ge\frac{a}{\left(a+b\right)\left(1+ab\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\left(1+a\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(1+b\right)^2}\ge\frac{a}{\left(a+b\right)\left(1+ab\right)}+\frac{b}{\left(a+b\right)\left(1+ab\right)}=\frac{1}{1+ab}=\frac{1}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=1\)
2.
\(P=\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{a^4+3}}+\sqrt{\frac{b^2}{b^4+3}}\le\sqrt{2\left(\frac{a^2}{a^4+3}+\frac{b^2}{b^4+3}\right)}\)
Đặt \(\left(a^2;b^2\right)=\left(x;y\right)\Rightarrow xy=1\)
\(Q=\frac{x}{x^2+3}+\frac{y}{y^2+3}=\frac{x}{x^2+3}+\frac{x}{3x^2+1}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}\)
\(Q=\frac{-\left(x-1\right)^2\left(3x^2-2x+3\right)}{2\left(x^2+3\right)\left(3x^2+1\right)}+\frac{1}{2}\le\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\sqrt{2Q}\le1\)
\(P_{max}=1\) khi \(a=b=1\)