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\(CuCl_2+2NaOH--->Cu\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow+2NaCl\left(1\right)\)
0,1_______0,3x______________0,1________0,2
\(Cu\left(OH\right)_2--to->CuO+CO_2\uparrow\left(2\right)\)
0,1_______________0,1
\(n_{CuCl_2}=0,2.0,5=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=0,3x\left(mol\right)\)
b) =>\(0,3x=0,1.2=>x=0,67\left(M\right)\)
=> \(m=0,1.80=8\left(g\right)\)
c) => \(C_{M_{NaCl}}=\frac{0,2}{0,5}=0,4\left(M\right)\)
Câu 1
Ta có \(n_{NaOH}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_3PO_4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
PT \(NaOH+H_3PO_4\rightarrow NaH_2PO_4+H_2O\) (1)
Ta thấy \(n_{NaOH}>n_{H_3PO_4}\Rightarrow n_{NaOH\left(pu\right)}=n_{H_3PO_4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH\left(du\right)}=0,06-0,05=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(NaOH_{\left(du\right)}+NaH_2PO_4\rightarrow Na_2HPO_4+H_2O\) (2)
Ta có chất sau phản ứng gồm \(NaH_2PO_4;Na_2HPO_4\)
Theo (1) \(n_{NaH_2PO_4}=n_{H_3PO_4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
Theo (2) \(n_{NaH_2PO_4\left(pu\right)}=n_{NaOH\left(du\right)}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{NaH_2PO_4\left(du\right)}=0,05-0,01=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Na_2HPO_4}=0,01\left(mol\right)\)
Thể tích dd sau phản ứng là
\(V_{dd}=200+250=450\left(ml\right)=0,45\left(l\right)\)
\(C_M\left(NaH_2PO_4\right)=\dfrac{4}{45}M\)
\(C_M\left(Na_2HPO_4\right)=\dfrac{1}{45}M\)
Câu 2
Ta có \(m_{KOH}=33,6\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{KOH}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=49\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(KOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow KHSO_4+H_2O\) (1)
\(2KOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow K_2SO_4+2H_2O\) (2)
Ta thấy ở (2) \(n_{KOH}< n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,6}{2}< \dfrac{0,5}{1}\)
\(n_{CuCl_2}=0,075mol\)
\(n_{NaOH}=0,05.2=0,1mol\)
CuCl2+2NaOH\(\rightarrow\)Cu(OH)2\(\downarrow\)+2NaCl
-Tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,075}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{2}\)suy ra CuCl2 dư
CuCl2+2NaOH\(\rightarrow\)Cu(OH)2\(\downarrow\)+2NaCl
0,05..\(\leftarrow\)0,1\(\rightarrow\).......0,05\(\rightarrow\)........0,1
a=\(m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,05.98=4,9gam\)
\(n_{NaCl}=0,1mol\)
\(n_{CuCl_2\left(dư\right)}=0,075-0,05=0,025mol\)
\(V_{dd}=0,075+0,05=0,125l\)
\(C_{M_{NaCl}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,125}=0,8M\)
\(C_{M_{CuCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,025}{0,125}=0,2M\)
theo đề bài ta có : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}nCuCl2=0,075.1=0,075\left(mol\right)\\nNaOH=0,05.2=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PTHH :
\(CuCl2+2NaOH->Cu\left(OH\right)2\downarrow+2NaCl\)
0,05mol.........0,1mol...........0,05mol............0,1mol
Theo pthh ta có : \(nCuCl2=\dfrac{0,075}{1}mol>nNaOH=\dfrac{0,1}{2}mol=>nCuCl2\left(d\text{ư}\right)\) ( tính theo nNaOH)
a) PTHH :
\(Cu\left(OH\right)2-^{t0}->CuO+H2O\)
0,05mol........................0,05mol
=> a = mCuO = 0,05.80 = 4 (g)
b) Ta có :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}CM_{NaCl}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,075+0,05}=0,8\left(M\right)\\CM_{CuCl2\left(d\text{ư}\right)}=\dfrac{0,075-0,05}{0,075+0,05}=0,2\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
vậy...
a, PT: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(MgCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow2NaCl+Mg\left(OH\right)_{2\downarrow}\)
\(Mg\left(OH\right)_2\underrightarrow{t^o}MgO+H_2O\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{9,6}{24}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Mg}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,8}{0,2}=4\left(M\right)\)
c, Theo PT: \(n_{MgO}=n_{Mg}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{MgO}=0,4.40=16\left(g\right)\)
a) PHTT : Fe +CuSO4 -> FeSO4+Cu
Cu+ HCl -> k phản ứng
khố lượng chất rắn cần tính sau phản ứng là Cu
nCuSO4 =0,2 .1= 0,2 (mol)
theo pt : nCu=nCuSO4 =0,2 mol
=> mCu =0,2 .64 =12,8(g)
b) PTHH : FeSO4 + 2NaOH -> Fe(OH)2 + Na2SO4
Theo phần a) ta có : nFeSO4=nCuSO4=0,2 mol
theo pt :nNaOH= 2nFeSO4 = 0,2.2=0,4 (mol)
=> VddNaOH= 0,4/1=0,4 l
c)
PTHH: 4Fe(OH)2 +O2 +2H2O -> 4Fe(OH)3
Theo phần b ta có:
nFe(OH)2=nFeSO4= 0,2 mol
theo pt : nFe(OH)3=nFe(OH)2 = 0,2 (mol)
=> mFe(OH)3 = 0,2 .(56+(16+1).3)=21,4 (g)
Bài 1:
a) CuSO4 + 2NaOH → Na2SO4 + Cu(OH)2↓
\(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{16}{160}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{12}{40}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}\)
Theo bài: \(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{NaOH}\)
Vì \(\dfrac{1}{3}< \dfrac{1}{2}\) ⇒ NaOH dư
b) Theo PT: \(n_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=m_{CuSO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1\times98=9,8\left(g\right)\)
c) \(\Sigma V_{dd}saupư=40+60=100\left(ml\right)=0,1\left(l\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}pư=2n_{CuSO_4}=2\times0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}dư=0,3-0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}dư=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1\left(M\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Na_2SO_4}=n_{CuSO_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{Na_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1\left(M\right)\)
Bài 2:
ZnCl2 + 2NaOH → 2NaCl + Zn(OH)2↓ (1)
\(n_{ZnCl_2}=0,3\times1,5=0,45\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH}=0,1\times1=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT1: \(n_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}\)
Theo bài: \(n_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{9}{2}n_{NaOH}\)
Vì \(\dfrac{9}{2}>\dfrac{1}{2}\) ⇒ ZnCl2 dư
a) \(\Sigma V_{dd}saupư=300+100=400\left(ml\right)=0,4\left(l\right)\)
Theo PT1: \(n_{ZnCl_2}pư=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{1}{2}\times0,1=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{ZnCl_2}dư=0,45-0,05=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{ZnCl_2}}dư=\dfrac{0,4}{0,4}=1\left(M\right)\)
Theo PT1: \(n_{NaCl}=n_{NaOH}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,4}=0,25\left(M\right)\)
b) Zn(OH)2 \(\underrightarrow{to}\) ZnO + H2O (2)
Theo pT1: \(n_{Zn\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{1}{2}\times0,1=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
Theo pT2: \(n_{ZnO}=n_{Zn\left(OH\right)_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ZnO}=0,05\times81=4,05\left(g\right)\)
c) NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H2O (3)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=n_{NaOH}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,1\times36,5=3,65\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{3,65}{25\%}=14,6\left(g\right)\)
nếu phản ứng này xảy ra vừa đủ thì mới tính được nhé
pthh
CuSO4+2NaOH---> Cu(OH)2+Na2SO4
0,1...........0,2..............0,1 0,1 mol
khí đó chất rắn chính là Cu(OH)2
m=98.0,1 = 9,8 g
V dung dịch =100+50=150 ml=0,15l
CM Na2SO4=0,1:0,15=2/3 M