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\(P=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x+y\right)^2-2\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)-4x^2=\left(x-y-x-y\right)^2-\left(2x\right)^2=\left(-2y\right)^2-\left(2x\right)^2\)
\(=\left(2y-2x\right)\left(2y+2x\right)=2\left(y-x\right)2\left(y+x\right)=4\left(x+y\right)\left(y-x\right)\)
\(x^3-x^2y+3x-3y=x^2\left(x-y\right)+3\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+3\right)\)
\(x^3-2x^2-4xy^2+x=x\left(x^2-2x+1-4y^2\right)=x\left[\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(2y\right)^2\right]=x\left(x+2y-1\right)\left(x-2y-1\right)\)
\(\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\left(x+5\right)-8=\left(x^2+7x+10\right)\left(x^2+7x+12\right)-8\)
Đặt \(x^2+7x+10=t\), ta có:
\(t\left(t+2\right)-8=t^2+2t-8=t^2-2t+4t-8=t\left(t-2\right)+4\left(t-2\right)=\left(t-2\right)\left(t+4\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+7x+10+4\right)\left(x^2+7x+10-2\right)=\left(x^2+7x+14\right)\left(x^2+7x-8\right)\)
a) ĐKXĐ : \(x+y\ne0\)
\(x^2-2y^2=xy\)
\(x^2-y^2-y^2-xy=0\)
\(\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-y\left(y+x\right)=0\)
\(\left(x+y\right)\left(x-2y\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+y=0\left(Loai\right)\\x-2y=0\left(Chon\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Với x - 2y = 0 ta có x = 2y
Thay x = 2y vào A ta có :
\(A=\dfrac{2y-y}{2y+y}=\dfrac{y}{3y}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Bài 1. Rút gọn:
\(a, x\left(1-x\right)+6\left(x+3\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
\(=x-x^2+6\left(x^2+6x+9\right)\)
\(=x-x^2+6x^2+36x+54\)
\(=5x^2+37x+54\)
\(b, \left(2-3x\right)\left(2+3x\right)-\left(x+5\right)\left(x-5\right)\)
\(=\left(4-9x^2\right)-\left(x^2-25\right)\)
\(=-10x^2+29\)
\(c, \left(3x+1\right)\left(x+5\right)-\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=3x^2+15x+x+5-x^2+1\)
\(=2x^2+16x+6\)
\(d,\left(2-3x\right)\left(2x+3\right)+6\left(x-1\right)^2\)
\(=\left(4x+6-6x^2-9x\right)+6\left(x^2-2x+1\right)\)
\(=4x+6-6x^2-9x+6x^2-12x+6\)
\(=-17x+12\)
\(e, x\left(5-x\right)-\left(2x+2\right)\left(3x+2\right)-\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\)
\(=5x-x^2-\left(6x^2+4x+6x+4\right)-\left(x^2-4\right)\)
\(=5x-x^2-6x^2-4x-6x-4-x^2+4\)
\(=-8x^2-5x\)
Bài 2:
a: VT\(=x^3-xy+x^2y^2-y^3-x^3+y^3-x^2y^2\)
=-xy
b: \(VT=x^2+6xy+9y^2-x^2+9y^2-6xy=18y^2=VP\)
a) \(\dfrac{x^2-y^2}{x^2-y^2+xz-yz}=\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)+z\left(x-y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y+z\right)}=\dfrac{x+y}{x+y+z}\)
b) \(\dfrac{x^2+y^2-z^2+2xy}{x^2+z^2-y^2-2xz}=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2-z^2}{\left(x-z\right)^2-y^2}=\dfrac{\left(x+y-z\right)\left(x+y+z\right)}{\left(x-y-z\right)\left(x-z+y\right)}\)\(=\dfrac{x+y+z}{x-y-z}\)
c) \(\dfrac{x^2\left(x-3\right)-\left(x-3\right)}{x\left(x-3\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2-1\right)}{x\left(x-3\right)}=\dfrac{x^2-1}{x}\)
d) \(\dfrac{4x^2\left(x-2\right)+3\left(x-2\right)}{4x^2\left(3x+1\right)+3\left(3x+1\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)\left(4x^2+3\right)}{\left(3x+1\right)\left(4x^2+3\right)}=\dfrac{x-2}{3x+1}\)
1.
a) \(x\left(x+4\right)+x+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(x+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+4=0\\x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-4\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(x\left(x-3\right)+2x-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+2=0\\x-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 1:
a, \(x\left(x+4\right)+x+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+4\right)+\left(x+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+4\right)\left(x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+4=0\\x+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-4\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(x=-4\) hoặc \(x=-1\)
b, \(x\left(x-3\right)+2x-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-3\right)+2\left(x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3=0\\x+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(x=3\) hoặc \(x=-2\)
1. a) Ta có: \(x^2-2y^2=xy\) \(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x^2-xy-2y^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x^2+xy-2xy-2y^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(x\left(x+y\right)-2y\left(x+y\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left(x+y\right)\left(x-2y\right)=0\)
Vì \(\left(x+y\right)\ne0\) nên \(x-2y=0\) hay \(x=2y\). Thay \(x=2y\) vào A, ta được:
\(A=\dfrac{\left(2y\right)^2-y^2}{\left(2y\right)^2+y^2}=\dfrac{4y^2-y^2}{4y^2+y^2}=\dfrac{3y^2}{5y^2}=\dfrac{3}{5}\)
a) \(\left(\right. x + y \left.\right)^{3} - \left(\right. x + y \left.\right) \left(\right. x^{2} - x y + y^{2} \left.\right) = 3 x y \left(\right. x + y \left.\right)\)
Giải:
Bắt đầu với vế trái của phương trình:
\(\left(\right. x + y \left.\right)^{3} - \left(\right. x + y \left.\right) \left(\right. x^{2} - x y + y^{2} \left.\right)\)
Bước 1: Mở rộng \(\left(\right. x + y \left.\right)^{3}\):
\(\left(\right. x + y \left.\right)^{3} = x^{3} + 3 x^{2} y + 3 x y^{2} + y^{3}\)
Bước 2: Mở rộng \(\left(\right. x + y \left.\right) \left(\right. x^{2} - x y + y^{2} \left.\right)\):
\(\left(\right. x + y \left.\right) \left(\right. x^{2} - x y + y^{2} \left.\right) = x \left(\right. x^{2} - x y + y^{2} \left.\right) + y \left(\right. x^{2} - x y + y^{2} \left.\right)\)\(= x^{3} - x^{2} y + x y^{2} + y x^{2} - x y^{2} + y^{3}\)\(= x^{3} + y^{3} + \left(\right. y x^{2} - x^{2} y \left.\right) = x^{3} + y^{3}\)
Bước 3: Trừ các biểu thức:
\(\left(\right. x + y \left.\right)^{3} - \left(\right. x + y \left.\right) \left(\right. x^{2} - x y + y^{2} \left.\right) = \left(\right. x^{3} + 3 x^{2} y + 3 x y^{2} + y^{3} \left.\right) - \left(\right. x^{3} + y^{3} \left.\right)\)\(= 3 x^{2} y + 3 x y^{2}\)\(= 3 x y \left(\right. x + y \left.\right)\)
Vậy, phương trình đã đúng:
\(\left(\right. x + y \left.\right)^{3} - \left(\right. x + y \left.\right) \left(\right. x^{2} - x y + y^{2} \left.\right) = 3 x y \left(\right. x + y \left.\right)\)
b) \(B = \left(\right. 3 x + 2 \left.\right) \left(\right. 9 x^{2} - 6 x + 4 \left.\right) - 3 \left(\right. 9 x^{3} - 2 \left.\right)\)
Giải:
Bước 1: Mở rộng \(\left(\right. 3 x + 2 \left.\right) \left(\right. 9 x^{2} - 6 x + 4 \left.\right)\):
\(\left(\right. 3 x + 2 \left.\right) \left(\right. 9 x^{2} - 6 x + 4 \left.\right) = 3 x \left(\right. 9 x^{2} - 6 x + 4 \left.\right) + 2 \left(\right. 9 x^{2} - 6 x + 4 \left.\right)\)\(= 27 x^{3} - 18 x^{2} + 12 x + 18 x^{2} - 12 x + 8\)\(= 27 x^{3} + 8\)
Bước 2: Mở rộng \(3 \left(\right. 9 x^{3} - 2 \left.\right)\):
\(3 \left(\right. 9 x^{3} - 2 \left.\right) = 27 x^{3} - 6\)
Bước 3: Trừ hai biểu thức:
\(B = \left(\right. 27 x^{3} + 8 \left.\right) - \left(\right. 27 x^{3} - 6 \left.\right) = 8 + 6 = 14\)
Vậy, \(B = 14\).
c) \(C = \left(\right. x - 2 \left.\right) \left(\right. x^{2} - 2 x + 4 \left.\right) - \left(\right. x^{3} - 7 \left.\right)\)
Giải:
Bước 1: Mở rộng \(\left(\right. x - 2 \left.\right) \left(\right. x^{2} - 2 x + 4 \left.\right)\):
\(\left(\right. x - 2 \left.\right) \left(\right. x^{2} - 2 x + 4 \left.\right) = x \left(\right. x^{2} - 2 x + 4 \left.\right) - 2 \left(\right. x^{2} - 2 x + 4 \left.\right)\)\(= x^{3} - 2 x^{2} + 4 x - 2 x^{2} + 4 x - 8\)\(= x^{3} - 4 x^{2} + 8 x - 8\)
Bước 2: Trừ biểu thức \(x^{3} - 7\):
\(C = \left(\right. x^{3} - 4 x^{2} + 8 x - 8 \left.\right) - \left(\right. x^{3} - 7 \left.\right)\)\(C = x^{3} - 4 x^{2} + 8 x - 8 - x^{3} + 7\)\(C = - 4 x^{2} + 8 x - 1\)
Vậy, \(C = - 4 x^{2} + 8 x - 1\).
d) \(D = \left(\right. x + 1 \left.\right)^{3} - \left(\right. x - 1 \left.\right) \left(\right. x^{2} + x + 1 \left.\right) - 3 x \left(\right. x + 1 \left.\right)\)
Giải:
Bước 1: Mở rộng \(\left(\right. x + 1 \left.\right)^{3}\):
\(\left(\right. x + 1 \left.\right)^{3} = x^{3} + 3 x^{2} + 3 x + 1\)
Bước 2: Mở rộng \(\left(\right. x - 1 \left.\right) \left(\right. x^{2} + x + 1 \left.\right)\):
\(\left(\right. x - 1 \left.\right) \left(\right. x^{2} + x + 1 \left.\right) = x \left(\right. x^{2} + x + 1 \left.\right) - 1 \left(\right. x^{2} + x + 1 \left.\right)\)\(= x^{3} + x^{2} + x - x^{2} - x - 1\)\(= x^{3} - 1\)
Bước 3: Mở rộng \(3 x \left(\right. x + 1 \left.\right)\):
\(3 x \left(\right. x + 1 \left.\right) = 3 x^{2} + 3 x\)
Bước 4: Trừ các biểu thức:
\(D = \left(\right. x^{3} + 3 x^{2} + 3 x + 1 \left.\right) - \left(\right. x^{3} - 1 \left.\right) - \left(\right. 3 x^{2} + 3 x \left.\right)\)\(D = x^{3} + 3 x^{2} + 3 x + 1 - x^{3} + 1 - 3 x^{2} - 3 x\)\(D = 2\)
Vậy, \(D = 2\).
e) \(E = 3 \left(\right. x - 1 \left.\right) \left(\right. x^{2} + x + 1 \left.\right) + x \left(\right. x + 1 \left.\right) - x \left(\right. x^{2} + x + 1 \left.\right)\)
Giải:
Bước 1: Mở rộng \(3 \left(\right. x - 1 \left.\right) \left(\right. x^{2} + x + 1 \left.\right)\):
\(3 \left(\right. x - 1 \left.\right) \left(\right. x^{2} + x + 1 \left.\right) = 3 \left(\right. x \left(\right. x^{2} + x + 1 \left.\right) - \left(\right. x^{2} + x + 1 \left.\right) \left.\right)\)\(= 3 \left(\right. x^{3} + x^{2} + x - x^{2} - x - 1 \left.\right) = 3 \left(\right. x^{3} - 1 \left.\right)\)\(= 3 x^{3} - 3\)
Bước 2: Mở rộng \(x \left(\right. x + 1 \left.\right)\):
\(x \left(\right. x + 1 \left.\right) = x^{2} + x\)
Bước 3: Mở rộng \(x \left(\right. x^{2} + x + 1 \left.\right)\):
\(x \left(\right. x^{2} + x + 1 \left.\right) = x^{3} + x^{2} + x\)
Bước 4: Trừ các biểu thức:
\(E = \left(\right. 3 x^{3} - 3 \left.\right) + \left(\right. x^{2} + x \left.\right) - \left(\right. x^{3} + x^{2} + x \left.\right)\)\(E = 3 x^{3} - 3 + x^{2} + x - x^{3} - x^{2} - x\)\(E = 2 x^{3} - 3\)
Vậy, \(E = 2 x^{3} - 3\).
g) \(9 x \left(\right. x + 1 \left.\right)^{3} + \left(\right. x - 1 \left.\right)^{3} = 2 x^{3}\)
Giải:
Mở rộng biểu thức và kiểm tra tính đúng đắn:
\(9 x \left(\right. x + 1 \left.\right)^{3} = 9 x \left(\right. x^{3} + 3 x^{2} + 3 x + 1 \left.\right) = 9 x^{4} + 27 x^{3} + 27 x^{2} + 9 x\)\(\left(\right. x - 1 \left.\right)^{3} = x^{3} - 3 x^{2} + 3 x - 1\)
Cộng cả hai biểu thức:
\(9 x \left(\right. x + 1 \left.\right)^{3} + \left(\right. x - 1 \left.\right)^{3} = 9 x^{4} + 27 x^{3} + 27 x^{2} + 9 x + x^{3} - 3 x^{2} + 3 x - 1\)\(= 9 x^{4} + 28 x^{3} + 24 x^{2} + 12 x - 1\)
So với \(2 x^{3}\), ta thấy biểu thức không đúng. Có thể bài toán có lỗi. Nếu có sự nhầm lẫn, bạn có thể điều chỉnh lại nhé!