(a+1).(2b-1)=21
Tìm a,b
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b) 3a = 2b; 7b = 5c
=> a/2 = b/3; b/5 = c/7
=> a/10 = b/15 = c/21
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, có:
\(\frac{a}{10}=\frac{b}{15}=\frac{c}{21}=\frac{a-b+c}{10-15+21}=\frac{32}{16}=2\)
suy ra; a/10 = 2 => a = 10 * 2 = 20
b/15 = 2 => b = 15 * 2 = 30
c/21 = 2 => c = 21 * 2 = 42
a: \(=ab\cdot\dfrac{4}{3}a^2b^4\cdot7abc=\dfrac{28}{3}a^4b^6c\)
b: \(a^3b^3\cdot a^2b^2c=a^5b^5c\)
c: \(=\dfrac{2}{3}a^3b\cdot\dfrac{-1}{2}ab\cdot a^2b=\dfrac{-1}{3}a^6b^3\)
d: \(=-\dfrac{7}{3}a^3c^2\cdot\dfrac{1}{7}ac^2\cdot6abc=-2a^5bc^5\)
e: \(=\dfrac{-3}{2}\cdot\dfrac{1}{4}\cdot ab^2\cdot bca^2\cdot b=\dfrac{-3}{8}a^3b^4c\)
Có: a + b = ab \(\le\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}\)
=> a + b \(\ge4\)
\(\frac{1}{a^2+2a}+\frac{1}{b^2+2b}+\sqrt{\left(1+a^2\right)\left(1+b^2\right)}\)
\(\ge\frac{4}{a^2+b^2+2\left(a+b\right)}+\sqrt{\left(1+ab\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{4}{a^2+b^2+2ab}+\left(1+a+b\right)=\frac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\left(a+b\right)+1\)
\(=\frac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{a+b}{4^2}+\frac{a+b}{4^2}+\frac{7}{8}\left(a+b\right)+1\)
\(\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}.\frac{a+b}{4^2}.\frac{a+b}{4^2}}+\frac{7}{8}.4+1=\frac{3}{4}+\frac{7}{2}+1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a = b = 2
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{1+a}+\frac{a}{1+a}+\frac{2b}{21+2b}+\frac{21}{21+2b}\le\frac{4c}{4c+27}+\frac{a}{1+a}+\frac{2b}{21+2b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\le\frac{1}{1+\frac{1}{a}}+\frac{1}{1+\frac{21}{2b}}+\frac{1}{1+\frac{27}{4c}}\)
Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{a};\frac{21}{2b};\frac{27}{4c}\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{1+x}+\frac{1}{1+y}+\frac{1}{1+z}\ge2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{1+x}\ge1-\frac{1}{1+y}+1-\frac{1}{1+z}=\frac{y}{1+y}+\frac{z}{1+z}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{yz}{\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}}\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{1}{1+y}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{zx}{\left(1+z\right)\left(1+x\right)}}\) ; \(\frac{1}{1+z}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{xy}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)}}\)
Nhân vế với vế: \(1\ge8xyz\Rightarrow xyz\le\frac{1}{8}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a}.\frac{21}{2b}.\frac{27}{4c}\le\frac{1}{8}\Leftrightarrow abc\ge567\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\frac{1}{a}=\frac{21}{2b}=\frac{27}{4c}=\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(2;21;\frac{27}{2}\right)\)
xét có trường hợp :
th1:a+1=1;2b-1=21 thì a=0 ;b=11
th2:a+1=21;2b-1=1 thì a=20;b=1
th3:a+1=3;2b-1=7 thì a=2;b=4
th4:a+1=7;2b-1=3 thì a=6;b=2
vậy a=0;20;2;6 và b=11;1;4;2