\(Cho\)\(a,b,c,d,e>0\)\(và\)\(a+b+c+d+e=4\)
\(CMR\)\(\frac{\left(a+b+c+d\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}{abcde}\ge\)\(16\)
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b, \(\frac{a+b}{a+b+c}>\frac{a+b}{a+b+c+d}\); \(\frac{b+c}{b+c+a}>\frac{b+c}{a+b+c+d}\)
\(\frac{c+d}{c+d+a}>\frac{c+d}{a+b+c+d};\frac{d+a}{a+d+b}>\frac{a+d}{a+b+c+d}\)
Cộng các bĐT trên
=> \(B>\frac{2\left(a+b+c+d\right)}{a+b+c+d}=2\)
Ta có Với \(0< \frac{x}{y}< 1\)
=> \(\frac{x}{y}< \frac{x+z}{y+z}\)
Áp dụng ta có
\(B>\frac{a+b+d}{a+b+c+d}+...+\frac{d+a+c}{a+b+c+d}=3\)
Vậy 2<B<3
d/ \(\Leftrightarrow a^4-a^3b+b^4-ab^3\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3\left(a-b\right)-b^3\left(a-b\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a^3-b^3\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
e/ \(\Leftrightarrow a^6+b^6+a^5b+ab^5\ge a^6+b^5+a^4b^2+a^2b^4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^5b-a^4b^2+ab^5-a^2b^4\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^4b\left(a-b\right)-ab^4\left(a-b\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab\left(a-b\right)\left(a^3-b^3\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
f/ \(\frac{a^6}{b^2}+a^2b^2\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a^8b^2}{b^2}}=2a^4\) ; \(\frac{b^6}{a^2}+a^2b^2\ge2b^4\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^6}{b^2}+\frac{b^6}{a^2}\ge2a^4+2b^4-2a^2b^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^6}{b^2}+\frac{b^6}{a^2}\ge a^4+b^4+\left(a^4+b^4-2a^2b^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^6}{b^2}+\frac{b^6}{a^2}\ge a^4+b^4+\left(a^2-b^2\right)^2\ge a^4+b^4\)
a/ \(VT=a^2\left(1+b^2\right)+b^2\left(1+c^2\right)+c^2\left(1+a^2\right)\)
\(VT=a^2+b^2+c^2+a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\)
\(VT\ge6\sqrt[6]{a^6b^6c^6}=6\left|abc\right|\ge6abc\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
b/ \(\Leftrightarrow4a^2+4b^2+4c^2+4d^2+4e^2\ge4ab+4ac+4ad+4ae\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-2b\right)^2+\left(a-2c\right)^2+\left(a-2d\right)^2+\left(a-2e\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\frac{a}{2}=b=c=d=e\)
c/ \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^3+b^3}{2}\ge\frac{a^3+b^3+3a^2b+3ab^2}{8}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3-a^2b+b^3-ab^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2-b^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\left(a+b\right)\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b\)
Xét \(\frac{a^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}-\frac{b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}=\frac{\left(a-b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)}{a^2+ab+b^2}=a-b\)
Tương tự, ta được: \(\frac{b^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}-\frac{c^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}=b-c\); \(\frac{c^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}-\frac{a^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}=c-a\)
Cộng theo vế của 3 đẳng thức trên, ta được: \(\left(\frac{a^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\frac{b^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\frac{c^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}\right)\)\(-\left(\frac{b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\frac{c^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\frac{a^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\frac{b^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\frac{c^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}\)\(=\frac{b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\frac{c^3}{b^2+bc+c^2}+\frac{a^3}{c^2+ca+a^2}\)
Ta đi chứng minh BĐT phụ sau: \(a^2-ab+b^2\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\)(*)
Thật vậy: (*)\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2}{3}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)*đúng*
\(\Rightarrow2LHS=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a^3+b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}=\Sigma_{cyc}\text{ }\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)}{a^2+ab+b^2}\)\(\ge\Sigma_{cyc}\text{ }\frac{\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)}{a^2+ab+b^2}=\frac{1}{3}\text{}\Sigma_{cyc}\left[\left(a+b\right)\right]=\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow LHS\ge\frac{a+b+c}{3}=RHS\)(Q.E.D)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c
P/S: Có thể dùng BĐT phụ ở câu 3a để chứng minhxD:
1) ta chứng minh được \(\Sigma\frac{a^4}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)}=\Sigma\frac{b^4}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\)
\(VT=\frac{1}{2}\Sigma\frac{a^4+b^4}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\ge\frac{1}{4}\Sigma\frac{a^2+b^2}{a+b}\ge\frac{1}{8}\Sigma\left(a+b\right)=\frac{a+b+c+d}{4}\)
bài 2 xem có ghi nhầm ko
Đặt BĐT cần c/m là A
Dự đoán đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho 3 số không âm:
\(\frac{a^3}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{a+b}{8}+\frac{a+c}{8}\)
\(\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}.\frac{a+b}{8}.\frac{a+c}{8}}=\frac{3a}{4}\)
\(\frac{b^3}{\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)}+\frac{b+c}{8}+\frac{b+a}{8}\)
\(\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{b^3}{\left(b+c\right)\left(b+a\right)}.\frac{b+c}{8}.\frac{b+a}{8}}=\frac{3b}{4}\)
\(\frac{c^3}{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}+\frac{c+a}{8}+\frac{c+b}{8}\)
\(\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{c^3}{\left(c+a\right)\left(c+b\right)}.\frac{c+a}{8}.\frac{c+b}{8}}=\frac{3c}{4}\)
Cộng từng vế của các BĐT trên, ta được:
\(A+\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{4}\ge\frac{3\left(a+b+c\right)}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
(Dấu "="\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\))
Đặt \(A=\frac{\left(a+b+c+d\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}{abcde}\)
\(\Rightarrow16A=\frac{\left(a+b+c+d+e\right)^2\left(a+b+c+d\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}{abcde}\)
Áp dụng AM-GM ta có:
\(\Rightarrow16A\ge\frac{4e\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)}{abcde}\)
\(\Rightarrow16A\ge\frac{4e.4d\left(a+b+c\right)^2\left(a+b\right)}{abcde}\)
\(\Rightarrow16A\ge\frac{4e.4d.4c\left(a+b\right)^2}{abcde}\)
\(\Rightarrow16A\ge\frac{4e.4d.4c.4ab}{abcde}\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge16\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi đồng thời:
\(\text{a+b+c+d+e=4, a+b+c+d=e, a+b+c=d, a+b=c, a=b}\)
\(\Rightarrow e=2,d=1,c=\frac{1}{2},a=\frac{1}{4},b=\frac{1}{4}\)