Với các số thực a, b, c không âm thỏa mãn a + 2b + 3c = 1 tìm giá trị nhỏ nhất của biểu thức M = 2ab - 6bc + 3ca
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A.
$a^2+4b^2+9c^2=2ab+6bc+3ac$
$\Leftrightarrow a^2+4b^2+9c^2-2ab-6bc-3ac=0$
$\Leftrightarrow 2a^2+8b^2+18c^2-4ab-12bc-6ac=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (a^2+4b^2-4ab)+(a^2+9c^2-6ac)+(4b^2+9c^2-12bc)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (a-2b)^2+(a-3c)^2+(2b-3c)^2=0$
$\Rightarrow a-2b=a-3c=2b-3c=0$
$\Rightarrow A=(0+1)^{2022}+(0-1)^{2023}+(0+1)^{2024}=1+(-1)+1=1$
B.
$x^2+2xy+6x+6y+2y^2+8=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x^2+2xy+y^2)+y^2+6x+6y+8=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x+y)^2+6(x+y)+9+y^2-1=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (x+y+3)^2=1-y^2\leq 1$ (do $y^2\geq 0$ với mọi $y$)
$\Rightarrow -1\leq x+y+3\leq 1$
$\Rightarrow -4\leq x+y\leq -2$
$\Rightarrow 2020\leq x+y+2024\leq 2022$
$\Rightarrow A_{\min}=2020; A_{\max}=2022$
\(P=\dfrac{4ab}{a+2b}+\dfrac{9ca}{a+4c}+\dfrac{4bc}{b+c}\)
\(P=\dfrac{4abc}{ac+2bc}+\dfrac{9abc}{ab+4bc}+\dfrac{4abc}{ab+ac}\)
\(P=abc\left(\dfrac{4}{ac+2bc}+\dfrac{9}{ab+4bc}+\dfrac{4}{ab+ac}\right)\)
\(P\ge abc.\dfrac{\left(2+3+2\right)^2}{ac+2bc+ab+4bc+ab+ac}\)
\(P\ge abc.\dfrac{49}{2ab+6bc+2ca}\)
\(P\ge abc.\dfrac{49}{7abc}\) (vì \(2ab+6bc+2ca=7abc\))
\(P\ge7\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2}{ac+2bc}=\dfrac{3}{ab+4bc}=\dfrac{2}{ab+ac}\\2ab+6bc+2ca=7abc\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\dfrac{2}{ac+2bc}=\dfrac{2}{ab+ac}\) \(\Leftrightarrow2b=a\)
Có \(\dfrac{3}{ab+4bc}=\dfrac{2}{ab+ac}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3}{2b^2+4bc}=\dfrac{2}{2b^2+2bc}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3b^2+3bc=2b^2+4bc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b^2=bc\Leftrightarrow b=c\)
\(\Rightarrow a=2b=2c\)
Lại có \(2ab+6bc+2ca=7abc\) \(\Rightarrow4b^2+6b^2+4b^2=14b^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a,b,c\right)=\left(2,1,1\right)\)
Vậy \(min_P=7\)
=> 2016+2017 = a+3c+a+2b
=> 2a+2b+2c = 4033
=> 2a+2b+2c = 4033 - c
=> 2.(a+b+c) = 4033 - c < = 4033 - 0 = 4033 ( vì c >= 0 )
=> a+b+c < = 4033/2
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> c=0 ; a+3c = 2016 ; a+2b = 2017 <=> a=672 ; b=1345/2 ; c=0
Vậy ............
Tk mk nha
Đặt \(\left(a;2b;3c\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x;y;z\ge0\\x+y+z=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(M=xy-yz+zx\)
Ta có:
\(4M+1=4\left(xy-yz+zx\right)+\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)
\(=6xy+6zx+x^2+y^2+z^2-2yz\)
\(=\left(y-z\right)^2+x\left(6y+6z+x\right)\ge0\) (do \(x;y;z\ge0\))
\(\Rightarrow4M+1\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow M\ge-\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(M_{min}=-\dfrac{1}{4}\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+z=1\\x=0\\y=z\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(0;\dfrac{1}{2};\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\) hay \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(0;\dfrac{1}{4};\dfrac{1}{6}\right)\)