cho a+b+c=1
chứng minh rằng \(\frac{1+a}{1-a}+\frac{1+b}{1-b}+\frac{1+c}{1-c}\le2\left(\frac{b}{a}+\frac{c}{b}+\frac{a}{c}\right)\)
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Ta có: \(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\le10\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{c}{b}+\frac{a}{c}\le7\)
Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử \(a\ge b\ge c\)
Khi đó ta có \(\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow ab+bc\ge b^2+ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{c}+1\ge\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c};\frac{a}{c}+1\ge\frac{c}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{c}{b}+\frac{a}{c}\le2+2\left(\frac{a}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)\)
Ta cần chứng minh \(2\left(\frac{a}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)\le5\). Tức là chứng minh \(\left(\frac{2a}{c}-1\right)\left(1-\frac{2c}{a}\right)\le0\)( *)
Bất đẳng thức (*) luôn đúng vì \(2\ge a\ge c\ge1\Rightarrow\frac{a}{c}\ge1;\frac{c}{a}\ge\frac{1}{2}\). => đpcm
\(VT=\frac{a}{a}+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{a}{c}+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{b}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}+\frac{c}{b}+\frac{c}{c}\)
\(=3+\frac{6abc}{abc}\)
\(\Rightarrow9\le10\left(đpcm\right)\)
P/s: Còn cách dài dòng hơn nhé
\(VT=\frac{a}{a}+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{a}{c}+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{b}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}+\frac{c}{b}+\frac{c}{c}\)
\(=3+\frac{6abc}{abc}\)
\(\Rightarrow9\le10\left(đpcm\right)\)
đặt x=a-b;y=b-c;z=c-a
ta có x+y+z=0
nên ta có ĐPCM
\(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}=\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2\)
<=> \(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}=\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}+2\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}\right)\)
<=> \(2\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}\right)=0\)
<=> \(\frac{z}{xyz}+\frac{y}{xyz}+\frac{x}{xyz}=0\)
<=> \(\frac{x+y+z}{xyz}=0\) (luôn đúng )
Ta có:\(\frac{b-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}=\frac{\left(a-c\right)-\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}=\frac{a-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}-\frac{a-b}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}=\frac{1}{a-b}-\frac{1}{a-c}=\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{c-a}\left(1\right)\)Chứng minh tương tự,ta có:\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{c-a}{\left(b-c\right)\left(b-a\right)}=\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{a-b}\left(2\right)\\\frac{a-b}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}=\frac{1}{c-a}+\frac{1}{b-c}\left(3\right)\end{cases}}\)
Từ (1);(2);(3) suy ra:\(\frac{b-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\frac{c-a}{\left(b-c\right)\left(b-a\right)}+\frac{a-b}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}\)
\(=\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{c-a}+\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{c-a}+\frac{1}{b-c}\)
\(=2\left(\frac{1}{a-b}+\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{c-a}\right)^{đpcm}\)
Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{a},\frac{1}{b},\frac{1}{c}\right)=\left(x,y,z\right)\)
\(x+y+z\ge\frac{x^2+2xy}{2x+y}+\frac{y^2+2yz}{2y+z}+\frac{z^2+2zx}{2z+x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z\ge\frac{3xy}{2x+y}+\frac{3yz}{2y+z}+\frac{3zx}{2z+x}\)
\(\frac{3xy}{2x+y}\le\frac{3}{9}xy\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)=\frac{1}{3}\left(x+2y\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{3xy}{2x+y}\le\frac{1}{3}\left[\left(x+2y\right)+\left(y+2z\right)+\left(z+2x\right)\right]=x+y+z\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y=z
tuong tu http://olm/hoi-dap/question/987068.html