cho a,b>0 thỏa mãn :\(\frac{a}{1+a}+\frac{2b}{1+b}=1\)
chứng minh : \(ab^2\le\frac{1}{8}\)
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Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si ta có:
\(a^2+b^2\ge2ab;b^2+1^2\ge2b\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+b^2+1+2\ge2ab+2b+2\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+2b^2+3\ge2\left(ab+b+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2+2b^2+3}\le\frac{1}{2\left(ab+b+1\right)}=\frac{1}{2}.\frac{1}{ab+b+1}\)
chứng minh tương tự
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{b^2+2c^2+3}\le\frac{1}{2}.\frac{1}{bc+c+1};\frac{1}{c^2+2a^2+3}\le\frac{1}{2}.\frac{1}{ac+a+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2+2b^2+3}+\frac{1}{b^2+2c^2+3}+\frac{1}{c^2+2a^2+3}\le\frac{1}{2}.\frac{1}{ab+b+1}+\frac{1}{2}.\frac{1}{bc+c+1}+\frac{1}{2}.\frac{1}{ac+a+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2+2b^2+3}+\frac{1}{b^2+2c^2+3}+\frac{1}{c^2+2a^2+3}\le\frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{1}{ab+b+1}+\frac{1}{bc+c+1}+\frac{1}{ac+a+1}\right)\)
đặt \(A=\frac{1}{ab+b+1}+\frac{1}{bc+c+1}+\frac{1}{ac+a+1}\)
\(=\frac{ac}{a^2bc+abc+ac}+\frac{a}{abc+ac+a}+\frac{1}{ac+a+1}\)
\(=\frac{ac}{ac+a+1}+\frac{a}{ac+a+1}+\frac{1}{ac+a+1}=\frac{ac+a+1}{ac+a+1}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2+2b^2+3}+\frac{1}{b^2+2c^2+3}+\frac{1}{c^2+2a^2+3}\le\frac{1}{2}.1=2\)
=>đpcm
a) Chứng minh được BĐT \(\frac{1}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)(*)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a=b
Áp dụng BĐT (*) vào bài toán ta có:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{2x+y+z}=\frac{1}{x+y+x+y}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{x+z}\right)\\\frac{1}{x+2y+z}=\frac{1}{x+y+y+z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}\right)\\\frac{1}{x+y+2z}=\frac{1}{x+y+z+z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x+z}+\frac{1}{y+z}\right)\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\le\frac{1}{4}\cdot2\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}\right)\)
Tiếp tục áp dụng BĐT (*) ta có:
\(\frac{1}{x+y}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right);\frac{1}{y+z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right);\frac{1}{z+x}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{x}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\le\frac{1}{4}\cdot2\cdot\frac{1}{4}\cdot2\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=1\)
\(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\le1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(x=y=z=\frac{3}{4}\)
b) áp dụng bđt \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)ta có:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{a+b-c}+\frac{1}{b+c-a}\ge\frac{4}{a+b-c+b+c-a}=\frac{4}{2b}=\frac{2}{b}\\\frac{1}{b+c-a}+\frac{1}{a+c-b}\ge\frac{4}{b+c-a+a+c-b}=\frac{4}{2c}=\frac{2}{c}\\\frac{1}{a+b-c}+\frac{1}{a+c-b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b-c+a+c-b}=\frac{4}{2a}=\frac{2}{a}\end{cases}}\)
Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT ta có:
\(2VT\ge\frac{2}{a}+\frac{2}{b}+\frac{2}{c}=2\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)=2VP\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge VP\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> a=b=c
Tham khảo
Câu hỏi của Châu Trần - Toán lớp 9 - Học toán với OnlineMath
Trước khi đọc lời giải hãy thăm nhà em trước nhé ! See method from solution! Cảm ơn mn!
Ok, giờ chú ý:
\(\frac{1}{ab+a+1}+\frac{1}{bc+b+1}+\frac{1}{ca+c+1}\)
\(=\frac{1}{ab+a+1}+\frac{a}{abc+ab+a}+\frac{ab}{ab.ca+abc+ab}\)
\(=\frac{1}{ab+a+1}+\frac{a}{ab+a+1}+\frac{ab}{ab+a+1}=1\) với abc = 1.
Như vậy: \(VT=\sqrt{\left(\Sigma\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab+a+2}}\right)^2}\le\sqrt{3\left(\Sigma\frac{1}{\frac{\left(ab+a+1\right)}{3}+\frac{\left(ab+a+1\right)}{3}+\frac{\left(ab+a+1\right)}{3}+1}\right)}\)
\(\le\sqrt{\frac{3}{16}\left[\Sigma\left(\frac{9}{ab+a+1}+1\right)\right]}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1
Từ \(\frac{a}{1+a}+\frac{2b}{1+b}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow3-\left(\frac{a}{1+a}+\frac{b}{1+b}+\frac{b}{1+b}\right)=2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{1+a}+\frac{1}{1+b}+\frac{1}{1+b}=2\)
Easy ?