BÀI 1 TÍNH NHANH
a. -3/4 + 1/5 b. -2/5 - 1/3
c. 3/7 x 2/5 - 2/5 d. 1/4 + 3/4 x (2/3 - 1/2)
e. 7/2 x 8/13 + 8/13 x -5/2 + 8/13 f. 1+ 1/8 + 1/24 + 1/48 + 1/80 + 1/120
BÀI 2 TÌM X
a. 7/8 + x = 3/5 b. 17/2 : x = 5
c. x - 3/8 = 2 + 1/4 d. 1/2 + 3/5 ( x - 2) = 1/5
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\(a,\left(\frac{3}{8}+-\frac{3}{4}+\frac{7}{12}\right):\frac{5}{6}+\frac{1}{2}\)
= \(\left(-\frac{3}{8}+\frac{7}{12}\right):\frac{5}{6}+\frac{1}{2}\)
= \(\frac{5}{24}:\frac{5}{6}+\frac{1}{2}\)
= \(\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{2}\)
= \(\frac{3}{4}\)
b)\(-\frac{7}{3}.\frac{5}{9}+\frac{4}{9}.\left(-\frac{3}{7}\right)+\frac{17}{7}\)
=\(-\frac{35}{27}+\left(-\frac{4}{21}\right)+\frac{17}{7}\)
= \(-\frac{35}{27}+\frac{47}{21}\)
= \(\frac{178}{189}\)
c) \(\frac{117}{13}-\left(\frac{2}{5}+\frac{57}{13}\right)\)
= \(\frac{117}{13}-\frac{311}{65}\)
= \(\frac{274}{65}\)
d) \(\frac{2}{3}-0,25:\frac{3}{4}+\frac{5}{8}.4\)
= \(\frac{2}{3}-\frac{1}{4}:\frac{3}{4}+\frac{5}{8}.4\)
= \(\frac{2}{3}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{5}{2}\)
= \(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{5}{2}\)
= \(\frac{17}{6}\)
a.-1,75-(-\(\dfrac{1}{9}\)-2\(\dfrac{1}{8}\))
-1,75-\(\dfrac{1}{9}+\dfrac{17}{8}\)
\(-\dfrac{7}{4}-\dfrac{1}{9}+\dfrac{17}{8}\)
\(\dfrac{-126}{72}-\dfrac{8}{72}+\dfrac{153}{72}\)
=\(\dfrac{19}{72}\)
b.\(\dfrac{-1}{12}-\left(2\dfrac{5}{8}-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{-1}{12}-\left(\dfrac{21}{8}-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{-1}{12}-\dfrac{21}{8}+\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(\dfrac{-2}{24}-\dfrac{63}{24}+\dfrac{64}{24}\)
=\(\dfrac{-1}{24}\)
\(a,3\left(2x-3\right)+2\left(2-x\right)=-3\\ \Leftrightarrow6x-9+4-2x=-3\\ \Leftrightarrow4x=2\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\ b,x\left(5-2x\right)+2x\left(x-1\right)=13\\ \Leftrightarrow5x-2x^2+2x^2-2x=13\\ \Leftrightarrow3x=13\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{13}{3}\\ c,5x\left(x-1\right)-\left(x+2\right)\left(5x-7\right)=6\\ \Leftrightarrow5x^2-5x-5x^2-3x+14=6\\ \Leftrightarrow-8x=-8\\ \Leftrightarrow x=1\\ d,3x\left(2x+3\right)-\left(2x+5\right)\left(3x-2\right)=8\\ \Leftrightarrow6x^2+9x-6x^2-11x+10=8\\ \Leftrightarrow-2x=-2\\ \Leftrightarrow x=1\)
\(e,2\left(5x-8\right)-3\left(4x-5\right)=4\left(3x-4\right)+11\\ \Leftrightarrow10x-16-12x+15=12x-16+11\\ \Leftrightarrow-14x=-4\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{2}{7}\\ f,2x\left(6x-2x^2\right)+3x^2\left(x-4\right)=8\\ \Leftrightarrow12x^2-4x^3+3x^3-12x^2=8\\ \Leftrightarrow-x^3-8=0\\ \Leftrightarrow-\left(x^3+8\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow-\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-2x+4\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\x\in\varnothing\left(x^2-2x+4=\left(x-1\right)^2+3>0\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 4:
a: Ta có: \(3\left(2x-3\right)-2\left(x-2\right)=-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6x-9-2x+4=-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x=2\)
hay \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
b: Ta có: \(x\left(5-2x\right)+2x\left(x-1\right)=13\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x-2x^2+2x^2-2x=13\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x=13\)
hay \(x=\dfrac{13}{3}\)
c: Ta có: \(5x\left(x-1\right)-\left(x+2\right)\left(5x-7\right)=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x^2-5x-5x^2+7x-10x+14=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-8x=-8\)
hay x=1
câu a) lấy mẫu số chung cộng với nhau
câu b) lấy 1 để ngoài nhân r 1/2-1/3 rồi tương tự
Bài 2:
a: \(\dfrac{7}{8}+x=\dfrac{3}{5}\)
=>\(x=\dfrac{3}{5}-\dfrac{7}{8}=\dfrac{24-35}{40}=\dfrac{-11}{40}\)
b: \(\dfrac{17}{2}:x=5\)
=>\(x=\dfrac{17}{2}:5\)
=>\(x=\dfrac{17}{2\cdot5}=\dfrac{17}{10}\)
c: \(x-\dfrac{3}{8}=2+\dfrac{1}{4}\)
=>\(x-\dfrac{3}{8}=\dfrac{9}{4}\)
=>\(x=\dfrac{9}{4}+\dfrac{3}{8}=\dfrac{18}{8}+\dfrac{3}{8}=\dfrac{21}{8}\)
d: \(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{3}{5}\left(x-2\right)=\dfrac{1}{5}\)
=>\(\dfrac{3}{5}\left(x-2\right)=\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{-3}{10}\)
=>\(x-2=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
=>\(x=2-\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Bài 1:
a: \(\dfrac{-3}{4}+\dfrac{1}{5}=\dfrac{-15}{20}+\dfrac{4}{20}=\dfrac{-15+4}{20}=\dfrac{-11}{20}\)
b: \(\dfrac{-2}{5}-\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{-6}{15}-\dfrac{5}{15}=\dfrac{-6-5}{15}=\dfrac{-11}{15}\)
c: \(\dfrac{3}{7}\cdot\dfrac{2}{5}-\dfrac{2}{5}=\dfrac{2}{5}\left(\dfrac{3}{7}-1\right)=\dfrac{2}{5}\cdot\dfrac{-4}{7}=\dfrac{-8}{35}\)
d: \(\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}\left(\dfrac{2}{3}-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}\cdot\dfrac{4-3}{6}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}\cdot\dfrac{1}{6}=\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{8}=\dfrac{3}{8}\)
e: \(\dfrac{7}{2}\cdot\dfrac{8}{13}+\dfrac{8}{13}\cdot\dfrac{-5}{12}+\dfrac{8}{13}\)
\(=\dfrac{8}{13}\left(\dfrac{7}{2}-\dfrac{5}{2}+1\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{8}{13}\cdot2=\dfrac{16}{13}\)
f: \(1+\dfrac{1}{8}+\dfrac{1}{24}+\dfrac{1}{48}+\dfrac{1}{80}+\dfrac{1}{120}\)
\(=1+\dfrac{1}{2\cdot4}+\dfrac{1}{4\cdot6}+\dfrac{1}{6\cdot8}+\dfrac{1}{8\cdot10}+\dfrac{1}{10\cdot12}\)
\(=1+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{2}{2\cdot4}+\dfrac{2}{4\cdot6}+...+\dfrac{2}{10\cdot12}\right)\)
\(=1+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{6}+...+\dfrac{1}{10}-\dfrac{1}{12}\right)\)
\(=1+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{12}\right)\)
\(=1+\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot\dfrac{5}{12}=1+\dfrac{5}{24}=\dfrac{29}{24}\)