`x,y,z` là các số thực lớn hơn `0`, `4x+7y+6z >= 76`
Tìm min \(P=x+y+z+\dfrac{9}{2x}+\dfrac{2}{y}+\dfrac{9}{z}\)
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`P=x^3/(x+y)+y^3/(y+z)+z^3/(z+x)`
`=x^4/(x^2+xy)+y^4/(y^2+yz)+z^4/(z^2+zx)`
Ad bđt cosi-swart:
`P>=(x^2+y^2+z^2)^2/(x^2+y^2+z^2+xy+yz+zx)`
Mà `xy+yz+zx<=x^2+y^2+z^2)`
`=>P>=(x^2+y^2+z^2)^2/(2(x^2+y^2+z^2))=(x^2+y^2+z^2)/2=3/2`
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi `x=y=z=1`
`Q=(x^3+y^3)/(x+2y)+(y^3+z^3)/(y+2z)+(z^3+x^3)/(z+2x)`
`Q=(x^3/(x+2y)+y^3/(y+2z)+z^3/(z+2x))+(y^3/(x+2y)+z^3/(y+2z)+x^3/(z+2x))`
`Q=(x^4/(x^2+2xy)+y^4/(y^2+2yz)+z^4/(z^2+2zx))+(y^4/(xy+2y^2)+z^4/(yz+2z^4)+x^4/(xz+2x^2))`
Áp dụng BĐT cosi-swart ta có:
`Q>=(x^2+y^2+z^2)^2/(x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2zx)+(x^2+y^2+z^2)^2/(2(x^2+y^2+z^2)+xy+yz+zx))`
Mà`xy+yz+zx<=x^2+y^2+z^2`
`=>Q>=(x^2+y^2+z^2)^2/(3(x^2+y^2+z^2))+(x^2+y^2+z^2)^2/(3(x^2+y^2+z^2))=(2(x^2+y^2+z^2)^2)/(3(x^2+y^2+z^2))=(2(x^2+y^2+z^2))/3=2`
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi `x=y=z=1.`
\(VT=\dfrac{x^2-1+1}{x-1}+\dfrac{y^2-1+1}{y-1}+\dfrac{z^2-1+1}{z-1}\)
\(VT=x+1+\dfrac{1}{x-1}+y+1+\dfrac{1}{y-1}+z+1+\dfrac{1}{z-1}\)
\(VT=x-1+\dfrac{1}{x-1}+y-1+\dfrac{1}{y-1}+z-1+\dfrac{1}{z-1}+6\)
\(VT\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{x-1}{x-1}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{y-1}{y-1}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{z-1}{z-1}}+6=12\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=2\)
\(2=3\sqrt{xy}+2\sqrt{xz}\le\dfrac{3}{2}\left(x+y\right)+x+z\)
\(\Rightarrow5x+3y+2z\ge4\)
\(A=5\left(\dfrac{xy}{z}+\dfrac{xz}{y}\right)+3\left(\dfrac{xy}{z}+\dfrac{yz}{x}\right)+2\left(\dfrac{xz}{y}+\dfrac{yz}{x}\right)\)
\(A\ge5.2x+3.2y+2.2z=2\left(5x+3y+2z\right)\ge8\)
\(A_{min}=8\) khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{2}{5}\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{x}{-4}=\dfrac{y}{-7}=\dfrac{z}{3}=k\)
\(\Rightarrow x=-4k;y=-7k;z=3k\) (1)
Thay (1) vào A , ta được
\(A=\dfrac{-2.\left(-4k\right)+\left(-7k\right)+5.3k}{2\left(-4k\right)-3\left(-7k\right)-6.3k}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{8k+\left(-7k\right)+15k}{-8k+21k+\left(-18k\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{k[8+\left(-7\right)+15]}{k[-8+21+\left(-18\right)]}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{16k}{-5k}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{16}{5}\)
Vậy \(A=\dfrac{16}{5}\)
\(P=\left(\dfrac{x}{2}+\dfrac{9}{2x}\right)+\left(\dfrac{y}{8}+\dfrac{2}{y}\right)+\left(\dfrac{z}{4}+\dfrac{9}{z}\right)+\dfrac{1}{8}\left(4x+7z+6z\right)\)
\(P\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{9x}{4x}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{2y}{8y}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{9z}{4z}}+\dfrac{1}{8}.76=\dfrac{33}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra tại \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(3;4;6\right)\)