cho x,y,z >0 và \(x+y+z\le2\).CMR
\(\frac{x}{2x+1}+\frac{y}{2y+1}+\frac{z}{2z+1}\le\frac{6}{7}\)
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\(\frac{1}{x^4}+\frac{1}{y^4}=\frac{x^2}{x^6}+\frac{1}{y^4}\ge\frac{\left(x+1\right)^2}{x^6+y^4}\ge\frac{4x}{x^6+y^4}\)
tương tự
\(\frac{1}{y^4}+\frac{1}{z^4}\ge\frac{4y}{y^6+z^4}\);
\(\frac{1}{z^4}+\frac{1}{x^4}\ge\frac{4z}{z^6+x^4}\);
cộng vế với vế => đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x=y=z=1
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz : \(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{c^2}{d}\ge\frac{\left(a+c\right)^2}{b+d}\)
\(\frac{1}{x^4}+\frac{1}{y^4}=\frac{x^2}{x^6}+\frac{1^2}{y^4}\ge\frac{\left(x+1\right)^2}{x^6+y^4}\ge\frac{4x}{x^6+y^4}\)(\(\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4a\))
Tương tự: \(\frac{1}{y^4}+\frac{1}{z^4}\ge\frac{4y}{y^6+z^4};\frac{1}{z^4}+\frac{1}{x^4}\ge\frac{4z}{z^6+x^4}\)
\(\Rightarrow2.\left(\frac{1}{x^4}+\frac{1}{y^4}+\frac{1}{z^4}\right)\ge4\left(\frac{x}{x^6+y^4}+\frac{y}{y^6+z^4}+\frac{z}{z^6+x^4}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x^4}+\frac{1}{y^4}+\frac{1}{z^4}\ge\frac{2x}{x^6+y^4}+\frac{2y}{y^6+z^4}+\frac{2z}{z^6+x^4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(x=y=z=1\)
với x,y,z >0 áp dụng bđt cosi ta có:
\(x^6+y^4>=2\sqrt{x^6y^4}=2x^3y^2\Rightarrow\frac{2x}{x^6+y^4}< =\frac{2x}{2x^3y^2}=\frac{1}{x^2y^2}\)
\(y^6+z^4>=2\sqrt{y^6z^4}=2y^3z^2\Rightarrow\frac{2y}{y^6+z^4}< =\frac{2y}{2y^3z^2}=\frac{1}{y^2z^2}\)
\(z^6+x^4>=2\sqrt{z^6x^4}=2z^3x^2\Rightarrow\frac{2z}{z^6+x^4}< =\frac{2z}{2z^3x^2}=\frac{1}{z^2x^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2x}{x^6+y^4}+\frac{2y}{y^6+z^4}+\frac{2z}{z^6+x^4}< =\frac{1}{x^2y^2}+\frac{1}{y^2z^2}+\frac{1}{z^2x^2}\left(1\right)\)
với x,y,z>0 áp dụng bđt cosi ta có:
\(\frac{1}{x^4}+\frac{1}{y^4}>=2\sqrt{\frac{1}{x^4}\cdot\frac{1}{y^4}}=\frac{2}{x^2y^2}\)
\(\frac{1}{y^4}+\frac{1}{z^4}>=2\sqrt{\frac{1}{y^4}\cdot\frac{1}{z^4}}=\frac{2}{y^2z^2}\)
\(\frac{1}{x^4}+\frac{1}{z^4}>=2\sqrt{\frac{1}{x^4}\cdot\frac{1}{z^4}}=\frac{2}{x^2z^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2}{x^4}+\frac{2}{y^4}+\frac{2}{z^4}>=\frac{2}{x^2y^2}+\frac{2}{y^2z^2}+\frac{2}{x^2z^2}\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x^4}+\frac{1}{y^4}+\frac{1}{z^4}>=\frac{1}{x^2y^2}+\frac{1}{y^2z^2}+\frac{1}{x^2z^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x^2y^2}+\frac{1}{y^2z^2}+\frac{1}{x^2z^2}< =\frac{1}{x^4}+\frac{1}{y^4}+\frac{1}{z^4}\left(2\right)\)
từ \(\left(1\right)\left(2\right)\Rightarrow\frac{2x}{x^6+y^4}+\frac{2x}{y^6+z^4}+\frac{2x}{z^6+x^4}< =\frac{1}{x^4}+\frac{1}{y^4}+\frac{1}{z^4}\)(đpcm)
dấu = xảy ra khi x=y=z=1
Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}=6\ge\frac{9}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}\)\(\Rightarrow x+y+z\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
Lại có: \(\frac{1}{2x+3y+3z}=\frac{\left(\frac{3}{4}+\frac{1}{4}\right)^2}{2\left(x+y+z\right)+y+z}\le\frac{9}{32\left(x+y+z\right)}+\frac{1}{16\left(y+z\right)}\)
Do đó:
\(\frac{1}{2x+3y+3z}+\frac{1}{2y+3x+3z}+\frac{1}{2z+3x+3y}\)
\(\le\frac{9}{32\left(x+y+z\right)}\cdot3+\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}\right)\)
\(\le\frac{9}{32\cdot\frac{3}{4}}+\frac{1}{16}\cdot6=\frac{3}{2}\)(Đpcm)
\(\frac{1}{3x+2y+z}=\frac{1}{x+x+x+y+y+z}\le\frac{1}{6^2}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{36}\left(\frac{3}{x}+\frac{2}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
Tương tự thì ta có:
\(\frac{1}{3x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+3y+2z}+\frac{1}{y+3z+2x}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{36}\left(\frac{3}{x}+\frac{2}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)+\frac{1}{36}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{3}{y}+\frac{2}{z}\right)+\frac{1}{36}\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{3}{z}+\frac{2}{x}\right)\)
\(=\frac{6}{36}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=\frac{16}{6}=\frac{8}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x = y = z = 3/16
Ta có: \(\frac{x}{2x+y}+\frac{y}{2y+z}+\frac{z}{2z+x}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}-\frac{y}{4x+2y}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{z}{4y+2z}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{x}{4z+2x}\)
\(=\frac{3}{2}-\left(\frac{y^2}{4xy+2y^2}+\frac{z^2}{4yz+2z^2}+\frac{x^2}{4zx+2x^2}\right)\)
\(\le\frac{3}{2}-\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2x^2+2y^2+2z^2+4xy+4yz+4zx}\)
\(=\frac{3}{2}-\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2}=\frac{3}{2}-\frac{1}{2}=1\)
Xét \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
<=> \(a^2+b^2\ge2ab\) (luôn đúng)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi a=b
Áp dụng ta có
\(\frac{1}{x+3y}+\frac{1}{y+2z+x}\ge\frac{4}{2\left(x+2y+z\right)}=\frac{2}{x+2y+z}\)
\(\frac{1}{y+3z}+\frac{1}{z+2x+y}\ge\frac{2}{x+y+2z}\)
\(\frac{1}{z+3x}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}\ge\frac{2}{2x+y+z}\)
Cộng các vế của các bđt trên
=> ĐPCM
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi x=y=z
Liên tục áp dụng bất đẳng thức \(\frac{1}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\) và ta có:
\(\frac{1}{3x+3y+2x}=\frac{1}{2\left(x+y\right)+\left(x+y+2z\right)}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{2\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(x+z\right)+\left(y+z\right)}\right)\le\frac{1}{8\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{x+z}+\frac{1}{y+z}\right)\)
Chứng minh tương tự tạ có:
\(\frac{1}{3x+2y+3z}\le\frac{1}{8\left(z+x\right)}+\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{2x+3y+3z}\le\frac{1}{8\left(y+z\right)}+\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{z+x}+\frac{1}{x+y}\right)\)
Suy ra \(VT\le\frac{1}{8}\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}\right)+\frac{1}{8}\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{x+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{4}\)
áp dụng bđt schwarts ta có:
\(\frac{1}{2x+1}+\frac{1}{2y+1}+\frac{1}{2z+1}\ge\frac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{2x+2y+2z+3}\ge\frac{9}{7}\)
\(\Rightarrow1-\frac{1}{2x+1}+1-\frac{1}{2y+1}+1-\frac{1}{2z+1}\le3-\frac{9}{7}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{2x}{2x+1}+\frac{2y}{2y+1}+\frac{2z}{2z+1}\le\frac{12}{7}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{2x+1}+\frac{y}{2y+1}+\frac{z}{2z+1}\le\frac{6}{7}\left(Q.E.D\right)\)
dấu = xảy ra khi x=y=z=2/3