Phân tích các đa thức sau thành nhân tử
a) A=2x^2+5xy-3y^2
b) B=x^8-16
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a: \(9x^3y^2+3x^2y^2\)
\(=3x^2y^2\cdot3x+3x^2y^2\cdot1\)
\(=3x^2y^2\left(3x+1\right)\)
b: \(x^2-2x+1-y^2\)
\(=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-y^2\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2-y^2\)
\(=\left(x-1-y\right)\left(x-1+y\right)\)
Bài 1:
a: Ta có: \(\left(6x+3\right)-\left(2x-5\right)\left(2x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)\left(3-2x+5\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)\left(8-2x\right)\)
\(=2\left(4-x\right)\left(2x+1\right)\)
b) Ta có: \(\left(3x-2\right)\left(4x-3\right)-\left(2-3x\right)\left(x-1\right)-2\left(3x-2\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-2\right)\left(4x-3\right)+\left(3x-2\right)\left(x-1\right)-\left(3x-2\right)\left(2x+2\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-2\right)\left(4x-3+x-1-2x-2\right)\)
\(=\left(3x-2\right)\left(3x-6\right)\)
\(=3\left(3x-2\right)\left(x-2\right)\)
Bài 2:
a: Ta có: \(\left(a-b\right)\left(a+2b\right)-\left(b-a\right)\left(2a-b\right)-\left(a-b\right)\left(a+3b\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(a+2b\right)+\left(a-b\right)\left(2a-b\right)-\left(a-b\right)\left(a+3b\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(a+2b+2a-b-a-3b\right)\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)\left(2a-4b\right)\)
\(=2\left(a-b\right)\left(a-2b\right)\)
f: Ta có: \(x^2-6xy+9y^2+4x-12y\)
\(=\left(x-3y\right)^2+4\left(x-3y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-3y\right)\left(x-3y+4\right)\)
c: \(x^2-4+3\left(x-2\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)+\left(x-2\right)\left(3x-6\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2+3x-6\right)\)
\(=\left(4x-4\right)\left(x-2\right)\)
\(=4\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\)
a: =(6x)^2-(3x-2)^2
=(6x-3x+2)(6x+3x-2)
=(9x-2)(3x+2)
d: \(=\left[\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(x-1\right)^2\right]\left[\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2\right]\)
\(=4x\cdot\left[x^2+2x+1+x^2-2x+1\right]\)
=8x(x^2+1)
e: =(4x)^2-2*4x*3y+(3y)^2
=(4x-3y)^2
f: \(=-\left(\dfrac{1}{4}x^4-2\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}x^2\cdot2y^3+4y^6\right)\)
\(=-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x^2-2y^3\right)^2\)
g: =(4x)^3+1^3
=(4x+1)(16x^2-4x+1)
k: =x^3(27x^3-8)
=x^3(3x-2)(9x^2+6x+4)
l: =(x^3-y^3)(x^3+y^3)
=(x-y)(x+y)(x^2-xy+y^2)(x^2+xy+y^2)
\(a,15a^2b^3+5a^3b^2=5a^2b^2\left(3b+a\right)\\ b,x^2-2x+1-y^2=\left(x-1\right)^2-y^2=\left(x-y-1\right)\left(x+y-1\right)\)
a) 15a2b3+5a3b2=5a2b2(3b+a)
b) x2-2x+x-y2=( x2-y2)-(2x+x)
=(x-y)(x+y)-x(2-1)
=(x-y)(x+y)-x3
Bài 1:
\(a,2x^2y\left(2x^2y^2-xy^2\right)\\ =2x^2x^2y^2y-2x^2x.y^2.y=2x^4y^3-2x^3y^3\\ b,\left(x-1\right)\left(2x+3\right)\\ =x.2x+x.3-1.2x-1.3=2x^2+3x-2x-3\\ =2x^2+x-3\\ c,\left(20x^3y^4+10x^2y^3-5xy\right):5xy\\ =20x^3y^4:5xy+10x^2y^3:5xy-5xy:5xy\\ =\left(20:5\right).\left(x^3:x\right).\left(y^4:y\right)+\left(10:5\right).\left(x^2:x\right).\left(y^3:y\right)-\left(5:5\right).\left(x:x\right).\left(y:y\right)\\ =4x^2y^3+2xy^2-1\\ d,\left(y-3x\right)^2-\left(y^2-6xy\right)\\ =\left[y^2-2.y.3x+\left(3x\right)^2\right]-\left(y^2-6xy\right)\\ =y^2-6xy+9x^2-y^2+6xy =9x^2\)
Bài 2:
\(a,4xy+4xz=4x\left(y+z\right)\\ b,x^2-y^2+9-6x\\ =\left(x^2-6x+9\right)-y^2\\ =\left(x-3\right)^2-y^2\\ =\left(x-3-y\right)\left(x-3+y\right)\)
Bài 3:
\(a,\dfrac{3xy}{y+z}+\dfrac{3xz}{y+z}\\=\dfrac{3xy+3xz}{y+z}\\ =\dfrac{3x\left(y+z\right)}{\left(y+z\right)}=3x\left(Với:y\ne-z\right)\\ b,\dfrac{x}{x+2}-\dfrac{x}{x-2}\\ =\dfrac{x\left(x-2\right)-x\left(x+2\right)}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)}\\ =\dfrac{x^2-2x-x^2-2x}{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)}=0\)
a/ \(\left(x+3y\right)\left(2x-y\right)\)
b/ \(\left(x^2+2\right)\left(x^2-2\right)\left(x^2-2x+2\right)\left(x^2+2x+2\right)\)
b/ \(x^8-16=\left(x^4+4\right)\left(x^4-4\right)\)
\(=\left[\left(x^4+4x^2+4\right)-4x^2\right]\left(x^2-2\right)\left(x^2+2\right)\)
\(=\left[\left(x^2+2\right)^2-4x^2\right]\left(x^2-2\right)\left(x^2+2\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+2+2x\right)\left(x^2+2-2x\right)\left(x^2-2\right)\left(x^2+2\right)\)