Hòa tan hoàn toàn 7 g MgO Vào 600 ml dung dịch H2 SO4 1m tính nồng độ mol các chất trong dung dịch sau phản ứng kết thúc giúp mình với ạ mình sắp thi rồi
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n HCl= 0,2 . 0,1= 0,02 (mol)
n MgO=\(\frac{0,1}{40}\)=0,0025(mol)
MgO + 2HCl ----> MgCl2 + H2O
ban đầu 0,0025 0,02 !
pư 0,0025 -----> 0,005 ----> 0,0025 ------> 0,0025 ! (mol)
sau pư 0 0,015 0,0025 0,0025 !
C M (HCl) = \(\frac{0,015}{0,1}\)=0,15 (M)
C M (MgCl2) = \(\frac{0,0025}{0,1}\)=0,025 (M)
C M (H2O)= \(\frac{0,0025}{0,1}\)= 0,025 (M)
$a)PTHH:2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2$
$n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5,04}{22,4}=0,225(mol)$
$\Rightarrow n_{Al}=0,15(mol)$
$\Rightarrow \%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,15.27}{9,45}.100\%\approx 42,86\%$
$\Rightarrow \%m_{Cu}=100-42,86=57,14\%$
$b)$ Theo PT: $n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,45(mol)$
$\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,45.110\%}{0,5}=0,99M$
Bài 4 :
\(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{4}{40}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
300ml = 0,3l
\(n_{HCl}=1.0,3=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
1) Pt : \(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O|\)
1 2 1 1
0,1 0,3 0,1
2) Lập tỉ số so sánh : \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,3}{2}\)
⇒ MgO phản ứng hết , HCl dư
⇒ Tính toán dựa vào số mol của MgO
\(n_{MgCl2}=\dfrac{0,1.1}{1}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{MgCl2}=0,1.95=9,5\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,3-\left(0,1.2\right)=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,1.36,5=3,65\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddHCl}=1,14.300=342\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddspu}=4+342=346\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{MgCl2}=\dfrac{9,5.100}{346}=2,75\)0/0
\(C_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{3,65.100}{346}=1,05\)0/0
Chúc bạn học tốt
\(n_{Fe_3O_4}=0,01\left(mol\right)\\ Fe_3O_4+8HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+FeCl_2+4H_2O\\ n_{HCl}=1.1=1\left(mol\right)\\ V\text{ì}:\dfrac{0,01}{1}< \dfrac{0,1}{8}\Rightarrow HCl\text{dư}\\ \Rightarrow\text{dd}X:FeCl_2,FeCl_3,HCl\left(d\text{ư}\right)\\ n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe_3O_4}=0,01\left(mol\right)\\ n_{FeCl_3}=0,01.2=0,02\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl\left(d\text{ư}\right)}=1-0,01.8=0,92\left(mol\right)\\ V_{\text{dd}X}=V_{\text{dd}HCl}=1\left(l\right)\\ C_{M\text{dd}HCl\left(d\text{ư}\right)}=\dfrac{0,92}{1}=0,92\left(M\right)\\ C_{M\text{dd}FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,01}{1}=0,01\left(M\right)\\ C_{M\text{dd}FeCl_3}=\dfrac{0,02}{1}=0,02\left(M\right)\)
Ta có: \(m_{dd}=300\cdot1,05=315\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow C\%_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{15,9}{315}\cdot100\%\approx5,05\%\)
Mặt khác: \(n_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{15,9}{106}=0,15\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow C_{M_{Na_2CO_3}}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,3}=0,5\left(M\right)\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
a. PTHH: \(Zn+H_2SO_4--->ZnSO_4+H_2\uparrow\left(1\right)\)
b. Theo PT(1): \(n_{Zn}=n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Zn}=65.0,3=19,5\left(g\right)\)
c. Theo PT(1): \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Zn}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Đổi 300ml = 0,3 lít
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,3}=1M\)
d. PTHH: \(2NaOH+H_2SO_4--->Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\left(2\right)\)
Theo PT(2): \(n_{NaOH}=2.n_{H_2SO_4}=2.0,3=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{NaOH}=0,6.40=24\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{dd_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{24.100\%}{20\%}=120\left(g\right)\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=n_{MgCl_2}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=n_{FeCl_2}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow24a+56b=5,12\) (1)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,688}{22,4}=0,12\left(mol\right)\)
Bảo toàn electron: \(2a+2b=0,24\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=n_{MgCl_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\b=n_{FeCl_2}=0,07\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bảo toàn nguyên tố: \(n_{HCl\left(p/ứ\right)}=2n_{MgCl_2}+2n_{FeCl_2}=0,24\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=n_{NaOH}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{HCl}=0,3\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,3\cdot36,5}{36,5\%}=30\left(g\right)\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{H_2}=0,12\cdot2=0,24\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{dd}=m_{KL}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{H_2}=34,88\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,07\cdot127}{34,88}\cdot100\%\approx25,49\%\\C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,05\cdot95}{34,88}\cdot100\%\approx13,62\%\\C\%_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{0,04\cdot36,5}{34,88}\cdot100\%\approx4,19\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
a, \(Fe+CuSO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+Cu\)
b, \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{1,96}{56}=0,035\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{ddCuSO_4}=100.1,12=112\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{112.10\%}{160}=0,07\left(mol\right)\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,035}{1}< \dfrac{0,07}{1}\), ta được CuSO4 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{CuSO_4\left(pư\right)}=n_{FeSO_4}=n_{Cu}=n_{Fe}=0,035\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{CuSO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,07-0,035=0,035\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có: m dd sau pư = 1,96 + 112 - 0,035.64 = 111,72 (g)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{0,035.152}{111,72}.100\%\approx4,76\%\\C\%_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{0,035.160}{111,72}.100\%\approx5,01\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có: \(n_{MgO}=\dfrac{7}{40}=0,175\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,6.1=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(MgO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2O\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,175}{1}< \dfrac{0,6}{1}\), ta được H2SO4 dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{MgSO_4}=n_{H_2SO_4\left(pư\right)}=n_{MgO}=0,175\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,6-0,175=0,425\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{MgSO_4}}=\dfrac{0,175}{0,6}=\dfrac{7}{24}\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,425}{0,6}=\dfrac{17}{24}\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)