Hòa tan hoàn toàn 8 gam hỗn hợp Mg,Fe bằng dung dịch HCl 2,5M vừa đủ. Khi p/ứ kết thúc thu đc 4,48 lít khí (dktc).
a) Xác định Vdd HCl ?
b)Tính khối lượng mỗi kim loại có trong hỗn hợp trên.
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Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2mol\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
Theo pt: \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+y=0,2\\27x+56y=5,5\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{19}{470}\\y=\dfrac{37}{470}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{\dfrac{19}{470}\cdot27}{5,5}\cdot100\%=19,84\%\)
\(\%m_{Fe}=100\%-19,84\%=80,16\%\)
Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ 27x + 56y = 5,5 (1)
PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{Al}+n_{Fe}=\dfrac{3}{2}x+y=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\left(mol\right)\\y=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1.27}{5,5}.100\%\approx49,09\%\\\%m_{Fe}\approx50,91\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) Gọi số mol Mg, Fe là a, b (mol)
=> 24a + 56b = 11,84
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{146.14\%}{36,5}=0,56\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl --> MgCl2 + H2
a--->2a--------->a----->a
Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
b-->2b-------->b------>b
=> 2a + 2b = 0,56
=> a = 0,12; b = 0,16
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Mg=\dfrac{0,12.24}{11,84}.100\%=24,324\%\\\%Fe=\dfrac{0,16.56}{11,84}.100\%=75,676\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(n_{H_2}=a+b=0,28\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{H_2}=0,28.22,4=6,272\left(l\right)\)
c) mdd sau pư = 11,84 + 146 - 0,28.2 = 157,28 (g)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,12.95}{157,28}.100\%=7,25\%\\C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,16.127}{157,28}.100\%=12,92\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Mg}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{hh}=56a+24b=10.16\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{5.6}{22.4}=0.25\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(n_{H_2}=a+b=0.25\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.13,b=0.12\)
\(m_{Fe}=0.13\cdot56=7.28\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Mg}=0.12\cdot24=2.88\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=2\cdot n_{H_2}=2\cdot0.25=0.5\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0.5}{0.5}=1\left(M\right)\)
Đặt \(\begin{cases} n_{Fe}=x(mol)\\ n_{Mg}=y(mol) \end{cases}\Rightarrow 56x+24y=8(1)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2(mol)\\ PTHH:Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2\\ Mg+2HCl\to MgCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow x+y=0,2(2)\\ (1)(2)\Rightarrow \begin{cases} x=0,1(mol)\\ y=0,1(mol) \end{cases}\Rightarrow \begin{cases} m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6(g)\\ m_{Mg}=0,1.24=2,4(g) \end{cases} \)
a)
Gọi : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)⇒ 27a + 56b = 1,66(1)
\(2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2\\ Fe +2 HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\)
Theo PTHH :
\(n_{H_2} = 1,5a + b = \dfrac{1,12}{22,4} = 0,05(2)\)
Từ (1)(2) suy ra a = 0,02 ; b = 0,02
Vậy :
\(\%m_{Al} = \dfrac{0,02.27}{1,66}.100\% = 32,53\%\\ \%m_{Fe} = 100\% - 32,53\% = 67,47\%\)
a)
\(n_{HCl} = 2n_{H_2} = 0,05.2 = 0,1(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{HCl} = \dfrac{0,1.36,5}{100}.100\% = 3,65\%\)
mình cần giải gấp khoảng 1 tiếng ai có thể giải giùm mình được ko
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{5.6}{22.4}=0.25\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{10.08}{22.4}=0.45\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}Fe_3O_4\)
\(a.......\dfrac{2a}{3}\)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}2Al_2O_3\)
\(b.......\dfrac{3b}{4}\)
\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{2a}{3}+\dfrac{3b}{4}=0.25\left(mol\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(n_{H_2}=a+1.5b=0.45\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.15,b=0.2\)
\(m_{Fe}=0.15\cdot56=8.4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{Al}=0.2\cdot27=5.4\left(g\right)\)
\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{8.4}{8.4+5.4}\cdot100\%=60.8\%\)
\(\%m_{Al}=100-60.8=39.2\%\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{11,2}{22,4}=0,5(mol)\\ n_{Mg}=x(mol);n_{Fe}=y(mol)\\ Mg+2HCl\to MgCl_2+H_2\\ Fe+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow \begin{cases} 24x+56y=20\\ x+y=0,5\\ \end{cases} \Rightarrow x=y=0,25(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \begin{cases} m_{Fe}=56.0,25=14(g)\\ m_{Mg}=24.0,25=6(g)\\ \end{cases}\)
PT: \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
a, Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,4}{2,5}=0,16\left(l\right)\)
b, Giả sử: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Mg}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
⇒ 24x + 56y = 8 (1)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}+n_{Fe}=x+y\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ x + y = 0,2 (2)
Từ (1) và (2) ⇒ x = y = 0,1 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Mg}=0,1.24=2,4\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe}=5,6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
cj! Tại sao nH2 = n Mg + n fe vậy ạ ?