Cho 9,72 gam nhôm tác dụng với khí oxygen thu được nhôm oxide (Al2O3) a) viết phương trình hóa học b)tính khối lượng khí oxygen c) tính khối lượng nhôm oxide (Al2O3)
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a.4Al + 3O2 -> 2Al2O3
0.8 0.6 0.4
\(nO2=\dfrac{19.2}{32}=0.6mol\)
b.mAl = \(0.8\times27=21.6g\)
c.mAl2O3 = \(0.4\times102=40.8g\)
a) 4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
b) \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{19,2}{32}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: 4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
0,8<-0,6---------->0,4
=> mAl = 0,8.27 = 21,6(g)
c) mAl2O3 = 0,4.102 = 40,8(g)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{58,8}{98}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:2Al+3H_2SO_4--->Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
0,4 <--- 0,6 -----------> 0,2 --> 0,6
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,4.27=10,8\left(g\right)\\m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,2.342=68,4\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,6.22,4=13,44\left(lít\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2mol\)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
0,2 0,15 0,1
\(m_{Al_2O_3}=0,1\cdot102=10,2g\)
\(2KClO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\)
0,1 0,15
\(m_{KClO_3}=0,1\cdot122,5=12,25g\)
\(PTHH:4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
\(n_{Al}=5,4:27=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Al_2O_3}=0,2.2:4=0,1\left(mol\right);n_{O_2}=0,2.3:4=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Al_2O_3}=0,1.102=10,2\left(g\right)\)
b)\(PTHH:2KClO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\)
\(n_{O_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)(câu a)
\(\Rightarrow n_{KClO_3}=0,15.2:3=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{KClO_3}=0,1.123,5=12,35\left(g\right)\)
\(a) 4Al + 3O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Al_2O_3\\ n_{Al} = \dfrac{5,4}{27} = 0,2(mol)\\ n_{Al_2O_3} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al} = 0,1(mol) \Rightarrow m_{Al_2O_3} = 0,1.102 = 10,2(gam)\\ b) n_{O_2} = \dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al} = 0,15(mol)\\ 2KMnO_4 \xrightarrow{t^o} K_2MnO_4 + MnO_2 + O_2\\ n_{KMnO_4} = 2n_{O_2} = 0,3(mol) \Rightarrow m_{KMnO_4} = 0,3.158 = 47,4(gam)\)
a, PT: \(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Al_2O_3}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al_2O_3}=0,1.102=10,2\left(g\right)\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{KMnO_4}=2n_{O_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{KMnO_4}=0,2.158=47,4\left(g\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
a, PT: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
_____0,05__0,1____________0,05 (mol)
b, mFe = 0,05.56 = 2,8 (g)
c, mHCl = 0,1.36,5 = 3,65 (g)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{3,65}{10\%}=36,5\left(g\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
Mg + 2HCl = MgCl2 +H2
x x
2Al + 6HCl= 2AlCl3 + 3H2
y y
2Cu + O2 = 2CuO
z z = 8/80 = 0,1 mol
3NaOH + AlCl3 = Al(OH)3 + 3NaCL
y y
Al(OH)3 + NaOH = NaALO2 + 2H2O
y y
2NaOH + MgCl2 = Mg(OH)2 + 2NaCl
x x
Mg(OH)2 = MgO + H2O
x x = 4/40 = 0,1 mol
=>mCu= 0,1*64=6,4
mMg=0,1*24=2,4
mAl=10-6,4-2,4=1,2
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl ---> FeCl2 + H2
0,3<---------------0,3<----0,3
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m=0,3.65=19,5\left(g\right)\\m_{muối}=0,3.136=40,8\left(g\right)\\V_{ddHCl}:thiếu.C_M\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{32}{160}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe2O3 + 3H2 --to--> 2Fe + 3H2O
LTL: \(0,2>\dfrac{0,3}{3}\) => Fe2O3 dư
Theo pthh: nFe2O3 (pư) = \(\dfrac{1}{3}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{3}.0,3=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
nFe = \(\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2}{3}.0,3=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> mchất rắn = 0,1.160 + 0,2.56 = 27,2 (g)
a) \(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
b) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{9,72}{27}=0,36mol\)
Theo phương trình: \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{3}{4}n_{Al}=\dfrac{3}{4}.0,36=0,27mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{O_2}=0,27.32=8,64g\)
c) Theo phương trình: n\(Al_2O_3\) \(=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{Al}=0,18mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al_2O_3}=0,18.102=18,36g\)