Cho a, b, c > 0. CM: \(\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{b+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}\right)< \frac{a+b}{a+b+1}< \frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}\)
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Lời giải
Ta có: \(\left(a+b+\frac{1}{4}\right)^2=\frac{1}{16}\left(4a+4b-1\right)^2+\left(a+b\right)\ge a+b\)
Tương tự: \(\left(b+c+\frac{1}{4}\right)^2\ge b+c;\left(c+a+\frac{1}{4}\right)^2\ge c+a\)
Như vậy: \(L.H.S\left(VT\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)+\left(b+c\right)+\left(c+a\right)=\left(\frac{1}{\frac{1}{a}}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{b}}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{\frac{1}{b}}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{c}}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{\frac{1}{c}}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{a}}\right)\)
\(\ge4\left(\frac{1}{\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}}\right)=R.H.S\left(VP\right)\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{8}\). Ta có đpcm.
khác cách tth xíu
Ta có:
\(VP=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{4}{\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}}\le\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{4}{\frac{4}{a+b}}=2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
Gio ta di chung minh
\(VT\ge2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
Ta lai co:
\(VT=\Sigma_{cyc}\left(a+b+\frac{1}{4}\right)^2\ge\frac{\left[2\left(a+b+c\right)+\frac{3}{4}\right]^2}{3}\)
Chung minh
\(\frac{\left[2\left(a+b+c\right)+\frac{3}{4}\right]^2}{3}\ge2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[2\left(a+b+c\right)-\frac{3}{4}\right]^2\ge0\) (đúng)
Dau '=' xay ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{8}\)
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt[3]{abc}}=\frac{c^2}{c^2(a+b)}+\frac{a^2}{a^2(b+c)}+\frac{b^2}{b^2(c+a)}+\frac{(\sqrt[3]{abc})^2}{2abc}\)
\(\geq \frac{(c+a+b+\sqrt[3]{abc})^2}{c^2(a+b)+a^2(b+c)+b^2(c+a)+2abc}=\frac{(a+b+c+\sqrt[3]{abc})^2}{(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)}\)
Ta có đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c$
1) Trước hết ta đi chứng minh BĐT : \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\) với \(a,b>0\) (1)
Thật vậy : BĐT (1) \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}-\frac{4}{a+b}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2-4ab}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{ab\left(a+b\right)}\ge0\) ( luôn đúng )
Vì vậy BĐT (1) đúng.
Áp dụng vào bài toán ta có:
\(\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{4}{a+b}+\frac{4}{b+c}+\frac{4}{a+c}\right)\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{4}\cdot\left[2.\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\right]=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
Vậy ta có điều phải chứng minh !
Bài 1 :
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức \(\frac{1}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\) với a , b > 0
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\\\frac{1}{b+c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\\\frac{1}{a+c}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\end{cases}}\)
Cộng theo từng vế
\(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{2}{a}+\frac{2}{b}+\frac{2}{c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)( đpcm)
\(\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2=\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+2\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{2}{abc}\left(a+b+c\right)=\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\)
Từ đó suy ra đpcm
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
a/ \(VT=\frac{1}{a+a+b+c}+\frac{1}{a+b+b+c}+\frac{1}{a+b+c+c}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)=1\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{3}{4}\)
b/ \(VT\le\frac{ab}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)+\frac{bc}{4}\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)+\frac{ca}{4}\left(\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\right)\)
\(VT\le\frac{a}{4}+\frac{b}{4}+\frac{b}{4}+\frac{c}{4}+\frac{c}{4}+\frac{a}{4}=\frac{a+b+c}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
a) Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel: \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
Tương tự:\(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{4}{b+c};\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\ge\frac{4}{c+a}\)
Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT trên rồi chia cho 2 ta thu được đpcm
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
b)Đặt \(a+b=x;b+c=y;c+a=z\). Cần chứng minh:
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge2\left(\frac{1}{x+y}+\frac{1}{y+z}+\frac{1}{z+x}\right)\)
Cách làm tương tự câu a.
c) \(VT=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(a+c\right)}\le\frac{1}{4}\Sigma_{cyc}\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{a+c}\right)\le\frac{1}{16}\Sigma\left(\frac{2}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)=1\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{3}{4}\)
d) Em làm biếng quá anh làm nốt đi:P