Bài 1: Tính:
\(\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}+\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{7-\sqrt{24}}+1}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{7+\sqrt{24}}+1}\)
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b) Ta có: \(\sqrt{\dfrac{3+\sqrt{5}}{3-\sqrt{5}}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{3-\sqrt{5}}{3+\sqrt{5}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(3+\sqrt{5}\right)^2}{\left(3-\sqrt{5}\right)\left(3+\sqrt{5}\right)}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(3-\sqrt{5}\right)^2}{\left(3-\sqrt{5}\right)\left(3+\sqrt{5}\right)}}\)
\(=\dfrac{3+\sqrt{5}}{2}+\dfrac{3-\sqrt{5}}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{3+3}{2}=\dfrac{6}{2}=3\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{7-\sqrt{24}}+1}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{7+\sqrt{24}}+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{7-2\sqrt{6}}-1}{7-2\sqrt{6}-1}-\dfrac{\sqrt{7+2\sqrt{6}}-1}{7+2\sqrt{6}-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{6}-1\right)^2}-1}{6-2\sqrt{6}}-\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{6}+1\right)^2}-1}{6+2\sqrt{6}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{6}-2}{\sqrt{6}\left(\sqrt{6}-2\right)}-\dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{\sqrt{6}\left(\sqrt{6}+2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{6}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{6}+2}=\dfrac{\sqrt{6}+2-\sqrt{6}}{\sqrt{6}\left(\sqrt{6}+2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{12}\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}\right)}=\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right)}{2\sqrt{3}\left(3-2\right)}=\dfrac{3-\sqrt{6}}{3}\)
\(5-2\sqrt{6}=\left(\sqrt{2}\right)^2-2\times\sqrt{2}\times\sqrt{3}+\left(\sqrt{3}\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right)^2\)
\(7+2\sqrt{10}=\left(\sqrt{2}\right)^2+2\times\sqrt{2}\times\sqrt{5}+\left(\sqrt{5}\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{5}\right)^2\)
\(8-2\sqrt{15}=\left(\sqrt{5}\right)^3-2\times\sqrt{5}\times\sqrt{3}+\left(\sqrt{3}\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\right)^2\)
\(B=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{8-2\sqrt{15}}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5-2\sqrt{6}}}-\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{7+2\sqrt{10}}}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right)^2}}-\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{2}\right)^2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}\right)}{5-3}-\dfrac{1\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}\right)}{3-2}-\dfrac{3\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{2}\right)}{5-2}\)
\(=\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{2}=0\)
\(b,\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{7+3\sqrt{5}}-\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{5}-1}\\ =\sqrt{14+6\sqrt{5}}-\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{5}-1}\\ =\sqrt{\sqrt{5^2}+2.3\sqrt{5}+3^2}-\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{5}-1}\\ =\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}+3\right)^2}-\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{5}-1}\\ =\left|\sqrt{5}+3\right|-\dfrac{4}{\sqrt{5}-1}\\ =\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{5}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)-4}{\sqrt{5}-1}\\ =\dfrac{2+2\sqrt{5}-4}{\sqrt{5}-1}\\ =\dfrac{-2+2\sqrt{5}}{\sqrt{5}-1}\\ =\dfrac{2\left(-1+\sqrt{5}\right)}{\sqrt{5}-1}\\ =2\)
\(c,\sqrt{27}-6\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{3}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}-3}{\sqrt{3}}\\ =3\sqrt{3}-\dfrac{6}{\sqrt{3}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}-3}{\sqrt{3}}\)
\(=\dfrac{3\sqrt{3}.\sqrt{3}-6+\sqrt{3}-3}{\sqrt{3}}\\ =\dfrac{9-6+\sqrt{3}-3}{\sqrt{3}}\\ =\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{3}}\\ =1\)
\(d,\dfrac{9-2\sqrt{3}}{3\sqrt{6}-2\sqrt{2}}\\ =\dfrac{\left(9-2\sqrt{3}\right)\left(3\sqrt{6}+2\sqrt{2}\right)}{\left(3\sqrt{6}-2\sqrt{2}\right)\left(3\sqrt{6}+2\sqrt{2}\right)}\\ =\dfrac{27\sqrt{6}+18\sqrt{2}-18\sqrt{2}-4\sqrt{6}}{\left(3\sqrt{6}\right)^2-\left(2\sqrt{2}\right)^2}\\ =\dfrac{23\sqrt{6}}{54-8}\\ =\dfrac{23\sqrt{6}}{46}\\ =\dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{2}\)
\(M=\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{1}+1\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{3\sqrt{2}+2\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{25\sqrt{24}+24\sqrt{25}}\\ =\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2.3}\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}\right)}+....+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{24.25}\left(\sqrt{25}+\sqrt{24}\right)}\\ =\dfrac{\sqrt{2}-1}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{2}.\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{\sqrt{25}-\sqrt{24}}{\sqrt{25}.\sqrt{24}}\\ =1-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+....+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{24}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{25}}\\ =1-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{25}}=1-\dfrac{1}{5}=\dfrac{4}{5}\)
\(=1-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}+...+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{24}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{25}}\)
=1-1/5=4/5
Bài 2
b, `\sqrt{3x^2}=x+2` ĐKXĐ : `x>=0`
`=>(\sqrt{3x^2})^2=(x+2)^2`
`=>3x^2=x^2+4x+4`
`=>3x^2-x^2-4x-4=0`
`=>2x^2-4x-4=0`
`=>x^2-2x-2=0`
`=>(x^2-2x+1)-3=0`
`=>(x-1)^2=3`
`=>(x-1)^2=(\pm \sqrt{3})^2`
`=>` $\left[\begin{matrix} x-1=\sqrt{3}\\ x-1=-\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.$
`=>` $\left[\begin{matrix} x=1+\sqrt{3}\\ x=1-\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.$
Vậy `S={1+\sqrt{3};1-\sqrt{3}}`
\(1.\dfrac{6}{1-\sqrt{3}}-\dfrac{3\sqrt{3}+3}{\sqrt{3}+1}=\dfrac{6}{1-\sqrt{3}}-\dfrac{3\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)}{\sqrt{3}+1}=\dfrac{6}{1-\sqrt{3}}-3=\dfrac{3+3\sqrt{3}}{1-\sqrt{3}}\) \(2.\dfrac{\sqrt{12}-6}{\sqrt{8}-\sqrt{24}}-\dfrac{3+\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{3}}+\dfrac{4}{1-\sqrt{7}}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{3}-6}{2\sqrt{2}-2\sqrt{6}}-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)}{\sqrt{3}}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{3}\left(1-\sqrt{3}\right)}{2\sqrt{2}\left(1-\sqrt{3}\right)}-\sqrt{3}-1=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{2}}-\sqrt{3}-1=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{2}}\) \(3.\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{14}-\sqrt{7}}{1-\sqrt{2}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{15}-\sqrt{5}}{1-\sqrt{3}}\right):\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{5}}=\left[\dfrac{-\sqrt{7}\left(1-\sqrt{2}\right)}{1-\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{\sqrt{5}\left(1-\sqrt{3}\right)}{1-\sqrt{3}}\right].\left(\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{5}\right)=-\left(\sqrt{7}+\sqrt{5}\right)\left(\sqrt{7}-\sqrt{5}\right)=-2\) \(4.\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)^2-4\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{2}-1}.\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)=\dfrac{\left(2-2\sqrt{2}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)}{\sqrt{2}-1}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)^2\left(\sqrt{2}+1\right)}{\sqrt{2}-1}=1\)
b) \(\sqrt{\dfrac{1-\sqrt{3}}{1+\sqrt{3}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{2+\sqrt{3}}{2-\sqrt{3}}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{1-\sqrt{3}}{1+\sqrt{3}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{4+2\sqrt{3}}{4-2\sqrt{3}}}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{1-\sqrt{3}}{1+\sqrt{3}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}+1}{\sqrt{3}-1}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2-\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right).\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{4\sqrt{3}}{2}}=\sqrt{2\sqrt{3}}\)
a: \(\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}+\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left(\sqrt{4+2\sqrt{3}}+\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left(\sqrt{3}+1+\sqrt{3}-1\right)=\dfrac{2\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{6}\)
b: \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{7-\sqrt{24}}+1}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{7+\sqrt{24}}+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{6}-1+1}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{6}+1+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{6}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{6}+2}=\dfrac{\sqrt{6}+2-\sqrt{6}}{\sqrt{6}\left(\sqrt{6}+2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{6}\left(\sqrt{6}+2\right)}=\dfrac{2}{6+2\sqrt{6}}=\dfrac{1}{3+\sqrt{6}}=\dfrac{3-\sqrt{6}}{3}\)