Giúp tớ câu này : 1, hoà tan 2,7g nhôm trongV mL dd H2SO4loãng 1M vừa đủ thu được V’ lít khí(đktc) và dd X . Tìm V,V và tính nồng độ chất tan trong dd X 2, hoà tan 2,8g Fe cần vừa đủ V mL dd Hcl 1M .tính V , thể tích khí thu được ở đktc , Tính Nồng độ MOL của chất tan Sau pứ
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ta có lượng \(H^+\) có trong dung dịch là :
\(n_{H^+}=2n_{H_2SO_4}+n_{HCL}=2\times0,2\times1+0,2\times2=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
a. ta có \(n_{H_2}=\frac{1}{2}n_{H^+}=0,4mol\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=22,4\times0,4=8,96\left(lit\right)\)
b. ta có \(m_{\text{hỗn hợp}}+m_{\text{axit }}=m_{\text{chất tan}}+m_{\text{ khí}}\)
nên \(m_{\text{chất tan }}=12,9+0,2\times98+0,4\times36,5-0,4\times2=46,3\left(g\right)\)
a, \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{14}{56}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=2n_{Fe}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,25\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,25.24,79=6,1975\left(l\right)\)
\(a=C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,1}=5\left(M\right)\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có: \(n_{AgNO_3}=0,4.1,3=0,52\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(2AgNO_3+FeCl_2\rightarrow Fe\left(NO_3\right)_2+2AgCl_{\downarrow}\)
______0,5______0,25______0,25________0,5 (mol)
\(AgNO_3+Fe\left(NO_3\right)_2\rightarrow Fe\left(NO_3\right)_3+Ag_{\downarrow}\)
0,02______0,02________0,02________0,02 (mol)
⇒ m = mAgCl + mAg = 0,5.143,5 + 0,02.108 = 73,91 (g)
- Dd sau pư gồm: Fe(NO3)3: 0,02 (mol) và Fe(NO3)2: 0,25 - 0,02 = 0,23 (mol)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{M_{Fe\left(NO_3\right)_3}}=\dfrac{0,02}{0,1+0,4}=0,04\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{Fe\left(NO_3\right)_2}}=\dfrac{0,23}{0,1+0,4}=0,46\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(Fe+2HCl->FeCl_2+H_2\\ a.V=\dfrac{14}{56}\cdot22,4=5,6\left(L\right)\\ a=\dfrac{\dfrac{14}{56}\cdot2}{0,1}=5\left(M\right)\\ b.n_{AgNO_3}=0,4\cdot1,3=0,52mol\\ FeCl_2+AgNO_3->Fe\left(NO_3\right)_2+AgCl\\ Fe\left(NO_3\right)_2+AgNO_3->Ag+Fe\left(NO_3\right)_3\\ m=0,25\cdot143,5+0,25\cdot108=62,875\left(g\right)\\ C_{M\left(AgNO_3\right)}=\dfrac{0,02}{0,5}=0,04M\\ C_{M\left(Fe\left(NO_3\right)_3\right)}=\dfrac{0,25}{0,5}=0,5M\)
a, \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(ZnO+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2O\)
b, Ta có: 65nZn + 81nZnO = 17,85 (1)
Theo PT: \(n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}+n_{ZnO}=\dfrac{34}{136}=0,25\left(mol\right)\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\n_{ZnO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ZnO}=0,1.81=8,1\left(g\right)\)
c, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{ZnCl_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,5}{1,5}=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(l\right)=\dfrac{1000}{3}\left(ml\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,15\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,15.24,79=3,7185\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
0,2-->0,4----->0,2------->0,2
a
\(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
b
\(CM_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1M\)
c
\(MgCl_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Mg\left(OH\right)_2+2NaCl\)
0,2------>0,4
\(V_{dd.NaOH}=\dfrac{0,4}{2}=0,2\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{CO2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH : \(CaO+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O\) (1)
\(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\) (2)
a) Theo Pt : \(n_{CO2}=n_{CaCO3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{CaCO3}=0,1100=10\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{CaO}=12,8-10=2,8\left(g\right)\)
b) Chắc tính V của dd HCl đã dùng
(1) \(n_{CaO}=\dfrac{2,8}{56}=0,05\left(mol\right)\) , \(n_{HCl}=2n_{CaO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
(2) \(n_{HCl}=2n_{CaCO3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,1+0,2}{1}=0,3\left(l\right)=300\left(ml\right)\)
\(a.n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ 2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ a............3a.......a.........1,5a\left(mol\right)\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ b.........2b........b.........b\left(mol\right)\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+56b=5,5\\1,5a+b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,05\end{matrix}\right.\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{27.0,1}{5,5}.100\approx49,091\%\\\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,05.56}{5,5}.100\approx50,909\%\end{matrix}\right.\\ b.C_{MddHCl}=\dfrac{3a+2b}{0,5}=\dfrac{3.0,1+2.0,05}{0,5}=0,8\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{6}{24}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
0,25 ---> 0,5 ---> 0,25 ---> 0,25
\(V_{H_2}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\\ m_{MgCl_2}=0,25.95=23,75\left(g\right)\\ m_{HCl}=0,5.36,5=18,25\left(g\right)\\ m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{18,25\%}=100\left(g\right)\\ m_{H_2}=0,25.2=0,5\left(g\right)\\ m_{dd}=100+6-0,5=105,5\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{23,75}{105,5}=22,51\%\)
`1)`
`n_{Al}={2,7}/{27}=0,1(mol)`
`2Al+3H_2SO_4->Al_2(SO_4)_3+3H_2`
`0,1->0,15->0,05->0,15(mol)`
`V_{dd\ H_2SO_4}={0,15}/1=0,15(l)=150(ml)`
`->V=150`
`V'=V_{H_2}=0,15.22,4=3,36(l)`
`C_{M\ X}=C_{M\ Al_2(SO_4)_3}={0,05}/{0,15}=1/3M`
`2)`
`n_{Fe}={2,8}/{56}=0,05(mol)`
`Fe+2HCl->FeCl_2+H_2`
`0,05->0,1->0,05->0,05(mol)`
`V_{dd\ HCl}={0,1}/1=0,1(l)=100(ml)`
`->V=100`
`V_{H_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12(l)`
`C_{M\ FeCl_2}={0,05}/{0,1}=0,5M`