Cho 30g CaCO3 tác dụng vừa đủ với 150g dung dịch HCL
a) Tính thể tích khi sinh ra ở đktc
b) Tính nồng độ % dung dịch HCL
c) Tính nồng độ phần % dung dịch muối sau phản ứng
GIÚP MIK VỚI MN ƠI
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nAl = 5.4 / 27 = 0.2 (mol)
2Al + 6HCl => 2AlCl3 + 3H2
0.2......0.6............0.2.......0.3
a) VH2 = 0.3 * 22.4 = 6.72 (l)
b) mAlCl3 = 0.2 * 133.5 = 26.7 (g)
c) VddHCl = 0.6 / 1.5 = 0.4 (l)
d) CMAlCl3 = 0.2 / 0.4 = 0.5 (M)
PTHH: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5,4}{27}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\n_{AlCl_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{H_2}=0,3\cdot22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\\m_{AlCl_3}=0,2\cdot133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\\V_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,6}{1,5}=0,4\left(l\right)=400\left(ml\right)\\C_{M_{AlCl_3}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,4}=0,5\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
n Zn= 19,5/65=0,3 (mol).
PTPƯ: Zn(0.3) + HCl(0.6) ----> ZnCl2(0.3) + H2(0,3)
mHCl=0,6.36.5=21.9(g)
a) C%HCl= 21.9/300.100%=7,3%
b) VH2=0,3.22,4=6,72(lít)
c) mH2=0,3.2=0,6(g)
mZnCl2=0,3.136=40,8(g)
mddZnCl2 =(19,5+300)-0,6=318,9(g)
C%=mZnCl2/mddZnCl2.100= 40,8/318,9.100=12,793%
\(a.n_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{17,4}{58}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ Mg\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+2H_2O\\ n_{HCl}=2n_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ CM_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,2}=3M\\b. n_{Mg\left(OH\right)_2}=n_{MgCl_2}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ m_{MgCl_2}=0,3.85=25,5\left(g\right)\\c.CM_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5M \)
a, \(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\)
b, \(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{10}{100}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{CO_2}=n_{CaCO_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{CO_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
c, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{CaCO_3}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,1}=2\left(M\right)\)
d, \(m_{NaOH}=550.10\%=55\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{55}{40}=1,375\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{n_{NaOH}}{n_{CO_2}}=\dfrac{1,375}{0,1}=13,75>2\)
→ Pư tạo muối trung hòa Na2CO3.
PT: \(CO_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2CO_3+H_2O\)
\(n_{Na_2CO_3}=n_{CO_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Na_2CO_3}=0,1.106=10,6\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,2 0,4 0,2
\(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\\
C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,4.36,5}{200}.100\%=7,3\%\)
1)
a) Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
b) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{8,4}{56}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
0,15->0,3--->0,15-->0,15
=> VH2 = 0,15.22,4 = 3,36 (l)
c) mdd sau pư = 8,4 + 250 - 0,15.2 = 258,1 (g)
=> \(C\%_{FeCl_2}=\dfrac{0,15.127}{258,1}.100\%=7,38\%\)
2)
a) Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2
b) \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2
0,2-->0,4---->0,2--->0,2
=> VH2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48 (l)
mZnCl2 = 0,2.136 = 27,2 (g)
c) \(C_{M\left(dd.HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,2}=2M\)
d)
PTHH: A + 2HCl --> ACl2 + H2
0,2<--0,4
=> \(M_A=\dfrac{4,8}{0,2}=24\left(g/mol\right)\)
=> A là Mg(Magie)
\(a,PTHH:Na_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\\ b,n_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{15,9}{106}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{HCl}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{CT_{HCl}}=0,3\cdot36,5=10,95\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{10,95}{200}\cdot100\%=5,475\%\\ c,n_{CO_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{CO_2\left(đkc\right)}=0,15\cdot24,79=3,7185\left(l\right)\\ d,m_{CO_2}=0,15\cdot44=6,6\left(g\right)\\ n_{NaCl}=0,3\left(mol\right);n_{H_2O}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CT_{NaCl}}=0,3\cdot58,5=17,55\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2O}=0,15\cdot18=2,7\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ m_{dd_{NaCl}}=15,9+200-2,7-6,6=206,6\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{NaCl}=\dfrac{17,55}{206,6}\cdot100\%\approx8,49\%\)
\(CaCO_3+2HCl->CaCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\\ a.V_{CO_2}=\dfrac{30}{100}\cdot22,4=6,72L\\ b.C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,6\cdot36,5}{150}=14,6\%\\ c.C\%_{CaCl_2}=\dfrac{111\cdot0,3}{180-44\cdot0,3}=19,96\%\)