cho 3,36l hỗn hợp khí gồm metan và etilen qua bình đựng dd nước Br Dư, sau p/ung thấy thoát ra 2,24l khí. a. viết pt p/ứng b. tính % thể thích các khí hỗn hợp c. nếu đốt cháy hoàn toàn hốn hợp thì khí bên trong kk thì dùng bn thể tích kk, vt thể tích kk chiế 20% .
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1.Khí thoát ra là CH4 nCH4=0,1 mol mà tổng n khí=0,15 mol
=>nC2H2=0,05 mol
C2H2+2Br2 =>C2H2Br4
%VCH4=0,1/0,15.100%=66,67%
%VC2H2=33,33%
CH4+2O2=>CO2+2H2O
C2H2+5/2O2=>2CO2+H2O
Tổng mol O2=0,1.2+0,05.2,5=0,325 mol
=>VO2=0,325.22,4=7,28l
=>Vkk=7,28/20%=36,4lít
2.
C2H2 +2Br2=>C2H2Br4
0,025 mol<=0,05 mol
CH4+2O2=>CO2+2H2O
nCaCO3=nCO2=0,15 mol=>nCH4=0,15 mol
nBr2=8/160=0,05 mol=>nC2H2=0,025 mol
%VCH4=0,15/0,175.100%=85,71%
%VC2H2=14,29%
3.
nCO2=11,2/22,4=0,5 mol
C6H12O6=>2C2H5OH +2CO2
0,25 mol<=0,5 mol<=0,5 mol
mC2H5OH=0,5.46=23g
nC6H12O6=(0,5/2)/80%=0,3125 mol
=>m glucozo bđ=0,3125.180=56,25g
PTHH: \(CH_4+2O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{1,68}{22,4}=0,075\left(mol\right)=n_{CH_4}\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{C_2H_4}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_2H_2}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow a+b=\dfrac{5,04}{22,4}-0,075=0,15\) (1)
PTHH: \(C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\)
\(C_2H_2+2Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_2Br_4\)
Theo PTHH: \(28a+26b=4,1\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=n_{C_2H_4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\b=n_{C_2H_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(n_{hh}=\dfrac{5,04}{22,4}=0,225\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{0,075}{0,225}\cdot100\%\approx33,33\%\\\%V_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,225}\cdot100\%\approx44,44\%\\\%V_{C_2H_2}=22,23\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
a.\(n_{hh}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6mol\)
\(n_{C_2H_2Br_4}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3mol\)
\(C_2H_2+2Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_2Br_4\)
0,3 0,3 ( mol )
\(\%C_2H_2=\dfrac{0,3}{0,6}.100=50\%\)
\(\%CH_4=100\%-50\%=50\%\)
b.
\(CH_4+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2+2H_2O\)
0,3 0,6 ( mol )
\(2C_2H_2+5O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)4CO_2+2H_2O\)
0,3 0,75 ( mol )
\(V_{O_2}=\left(0,6+0,75\right).22,4=1,35.22,4=30,24l\)
a)
\(C_2H_4 + Br_2 \to C_2H_4Br_2\\ CH_4 + 2O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} CO_2 + 2H_2O\\ CO_2 + Ca(OH)_2 \to CaCO_3 + H_2O\)
b)
\(n_{CH_4} = n_{CO_2} = n_{CaCO_3} = \dfrac{20}{100} = 0,2(mol)\\ \%V_{CH_4} = \dfrac{0,2.22,4}{6,72}.100\% = 66,67\%\\ \%V_{C_2H_4} = 100\% -66,67\% = 33,33\%\)
\(a) C_2H_4 + Br_2 \to C_2H_4Br_2\\ n_{C_2H_4} = n_{Br_2} = \dfrac{48}{160} = 0,3(mol)\\ \%V_{C_2H_4} = \dfrac{0,3.22,4}{8,96}.100\% = 75\%\\ \%V_{CH_4} = 100\% -75\% = 25\%\\ b)\)
Khí còn lại : CH4
\(CH_4 + 2O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} CO_2 + H_2O\\ n_{CO_2} = n_{CH_4} = \dfrac{8,96.25\%}{22,4} = 0,1(mol)\\ m_{CO_2} = 0,1.44 = 4,4(gam)\)
a, PT: \(C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\)
Khí thoát ra khỏi bình là CH4 (metan).
b, Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%V_{CH_4}=\dfrac{1,12}{5,6}.100\%=20\%\\\%V_{C_2H_4}=100-20=80\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, Ta có: \(V_{C_2H_4}=5,6.80\%=4,48\left(l\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{Br_2}=n_{C_2H_4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Br_2}=0,2.160=32\left(g\right)\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
1) nh2=0,2; n CACO3=0,7
pt1: CH4+2O2 ---> CO2+2H2O
x x
pt2: C2H4 +3O2 ----> 2CO2+2H2O
y 2y
pt3: CO2+CA(OH)2 ----> CACO3+H2O
0,7 0,7
ta có hệ pt: x+y=0,2
x+2y=0,7
tự tìm
b) nbr2=1
pt: C4H6+ 2Br2 -----> C4H6Br4
0,05 0,1 0,05
tỉ lệ: 0,3/1 > 0,1/2 => C4H6 dư
CM C4H6Br2=0,05/8,72
CM C4H6 dư= 0,25/8,72
\(a,Gọi\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CH_4}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_2H_4}=b\left(mol\right)\\n_{C_2H_2}=c\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ n_{hhkhí}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{15,68}{22,4}=0,7\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Br_2}=\dfrac{64}{160}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:C_2H_4+Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_4Br_2\\ Mol:a\rightarrow a\\ C_2H_2+2Br_2\rightarrow C_2H_2Br_4\\ Mol:b\rightarrow2b\\ CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2+2H_2O\\ Mol:a\rightarrow2a\rightarrow a\)
\(C_2H_4+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2+2H_2O\\ Mol:b\rightarrow3b\rightarrow2b\\ 2C_2H_2+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}4CO_2+2H_2O\\ Mol:c\rightarrow2,5c\rightarrow2c\\ Hệ.pt\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=0,4\\b+2c=0,4\\a+2b+2c=0,7\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\left(mol\right)\\b=0,2\left(mol\right)\\c=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\%V_{CH_4}=\%V_{C_2H_2}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,4}=25\%\\ \%V_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,4}=50\%\)
\(m_{CH_4}=0,1.16=1,6\left(g\right)\\ m_{C_2H_4}=28.0,2=5,6\left(g\right)\\ m_{C_2H_2}=0,1.26=2,6\left(g\right)\\ \%m_{CH_4}=\dfrac{1,6}{1,6+5,6+2,6}=16,32\%\\ \%m_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{5,6}{1,6+5,6+2,6}=57,14\%\\ \%m_{C_2H_2}=100\%-16,32\%-57,14\%=26,54\%\)
\(b,PTHH:C_2H_5OH\rightarrow C_2H_4+H_2O\\ Mol:0,2\leftarrow0,2\\ m_{C_2H_5OH}=0,2.46=9,2\left(g\right)\)
Dài quá!!!
a) mtăng = mC2H4
=> \(n_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{5,6}{28}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(\%V_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,2.22,4}{13,44}.100\%=33,33\%\)
\(\%V_{CH_4}=100\%-33,33\%=66,67\%\)
b) \(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{13,44.66,67\%}{22,4}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: CH4 + 2O2 --to--> CO2 + 2H2O
0,4--------------->0,4
C2H4 + 3O2 --to--> 2CO2 + 2H2O
0,2----------------->0,4
Ca(OH)2 + CO2 --> CaCO3 + H2O
0,8----->0,8
=> mCaCO3 = 0,8.100 = 80 (g)
a.\(m_{tăng}=m_{C_2H_4}=5,6g\)
\(n_{hh}=\dfrac{13,44}{22,4}=0,6mol\)
\(n_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{5,6}{28}=0,2mol\)
\(\%V_{C_2H_4}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,6}.100=33,33\%\)
\(\%V_{CH_4}=100\%-33,33\%=66,67\%\)
b.\(C_2H_4+3O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2CO_2+2H_2O\)
0,2 0,4 ( mol )
\(CH_4+2O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CO_2+2H_2O\)
0,4 0,4 ( mol )
\(n_{CO_2}=0,4+0,4=0,8mol\)
\(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+CO_2\rightarrow CaCO_3+H_2O\)
0,8 0,8 ( mol )
\(m_{CaCO_3}=0,8.100=80g\)
\(CH_2=CH_2+Br_2\rightarrow CH_2Br-CH_2Br\)
\(n_{hh}=\dfrac{3.36}{22.4}=0.15\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{CH_4}=2.24\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{CH_4}=\dfrac{2.24}{22.4}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{C_2H_4}=0.15-0.1=0.05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\%CH_4=\dfrac{0.1}{0.15}\cdot100\%=66.67\%\)
\(\%C_2H_4=33.33\%\)
\(CH_4+2O_2\underrightarrow{^{t^0}}CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(C_2H_4+3O_2\underrightarrow{^{t^0}}2CO_2+2H_2O\)
\(n_{O_2}=0.1\cdot2+0.05\cdot3=0.35\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{kk}=5V_{O_2}=5\cdot0.35\cdot22.4=39.2\left(l\right)\)