Cho 5,6g Fe tác dụng hết với dung dịch oxit HCl A) Tính VH2 B)Tính khối lượng của muối thu được
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\(a)n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1mol\\
n_{HCl}=0,5.1=0,5mol\\
Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\
\Rightarrow\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\Rightarrow HCl.dư\\
Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1
\(m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,5-0,2\right).36,5=10,95g\\ b)m_{FeCl_2}=0,1.127=12,7g\\ c)V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24l\\ d)C_{\%HCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{10,95}{200}\cdot100=5,475\%\\ C_{\%HCl\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{200}\cdot100=3,65\%\)
a) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl --> FeCl2 + H2
0,1-->0,2------>0,1--->0,1
=> \(m_{FeCl_2}=0,1.127=12,7\left(g\right)\)
b) mdd sau pư = 5,6 + 200 - 0,1.2 = 205,4 (g)
=> \(C\%=\dfrac{12,7}{205,4}.100\%=6,18\%\)
\(nFe=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
1 2 1 1 (mol)
0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1 (mol)
m muối là mFeCl2
=> \(mFeCl_2=0,1.127=12,7\left(g\right)\)
\(VH_2=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
\(VHCl=100ml=0,1\left(l\right)\)
\(CM_{HCl}=\dfrac{nHCl}{VHCl}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,1}=2M\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Fe + H2SO4 \(\rightarrow\) FeSO4 + H2
de: 0,1\(\rightarrow\) 0,1 \(\rightarrow\) 0,1 \(\rightarrow\) 0,1 (mol)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,1.98=9,8g\)
a, \(m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{9,8}{20}.100=49g\)
b, \(V_{H_2}=22,4.0,1=2,24l\)
c, \(m_{FeSO_4}=0,1.152=15,2g\)
\(m_{ddspu}=49+5,6-2=52,6g\)
\(C\%_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{15,2}{52,6}.100\%\approx28,9\%\)
BÀI 1
1
10 oxit:
`CO` (cacbon monooxit)
`CO_2` (cacbon dioxit)
`SO_2` (lưu huỳnh dioxit)
`Na_2O` (natri oxit)
`MgO` (magie oxit)
`CaO` (canxi oxit)
`Al_2O_3` (nhôm oxit)
`CuO` (đồng II oxit)
`BaO` (bari oxit)
`P_2O_5` (photpho bentoxit)
2
10 muối:
`Na_2CO_3` (natri cabonat)
`K_2CO_3` (kali cacbonat)
`MgCO_3` (magie cacbonat)
`NaHCO_3` (natri hidrocacbonat)
`KHCO_3` (kali hidrocacbonat)
`MgSO_3` (magie sunfit)
`BaCO_3` (bari cacbonat)
\(Ba\left(HCO_3\right)_2\) (bari hidrocacbonat)
`CaCO_3` (canxi cacbonat)
`CaSO_3` (canxit sunfit)
3
8 axit:
`H_2SO_4` (axit sunfuric)
`HCl` (axit clohidric)
`HNO_3` (axit nitric)
`H_3PO_4` (axit photphoric)
`HCN` (axit hidrocyanic)
`HF` (axit hydrofluoric)
`HBr` (axit bromhydric)
`H_2CO_3` (axit cacbonic)
10 bazo:
`NaOH` (natri hidroxit)
`KOH` (kali hidroxit)
\(Ba\left(OH\right)_2\left(bari.hidroxit\right)\\ Ca\left(OH\right)_2\left(caxi.hidroxit\right)\\ Mg\left(OH\right)_2\left(magie.hidroxit\right)\\ Al\left(OH\right)_3\left(nhôm.hidroxit\right)\)
\(CuOH\left(đồng.I.hidroxit\right)\\ Cu\left(OH\right)_2\left(đồng.II.hidroxit\right)\)
\(Fe\left(OH\right)_2\left(sắt.II.hidroxit\right)\\ Fe\left(OH\right)_3\left(sắt.III.hidroxit\right)\)
Bài 2
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{21,9}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
a \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,1---->0,2----->0,1----->0,1
Xét \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,6}{2}\Rightarrow\) HCl dư
b \(V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
c
Chất tan sau phản ứng: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl.dư}=0,6-0,4=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{HCl.dư}=0,2.3,65=7,3\left(g\right)\\m_{FeCl_2}=0,1.127=12,7\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a, Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=0,5.1=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\), ta được HCl dư.
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl\left(pư\right)}=2n_{Fe}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,5-0,2=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,3.36,5=10,95\left(g\right)\)
b, \(n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{FeCl_2}=0,1.127=12,7\left(g\right)\)
c, \(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
d, \(m_{HCl}=0,5.36,5=18,25\left(g\right)\Rightarrow C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{18,25}{200}.100\%=9,125\%\)
\(a.n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1mol\\ n_{HCl}=0,5.1=0,5mol\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,5}{2}\Rightarrow HCl.dư\\ n_{HCl}=2n_{Fe}=0,2mol\\ m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,5-0,2\right).36,5=10,95\%\\ b)n_{Fe}=n_{FeCl_2}=n_{H_2}=0,1mol\\ m_{FeCl_2}=0,1.12,7g\\ c)V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24l\\ d)C_{\%HCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5}{200}\cdot100=3,65\%\)
\(b,n_{Fe}=\dfrac{50,4}{56}=0,9(mol)\\ PTHH:3Fe+2O_2\xrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\\ \Rightarrow n_{Fe_3O_4}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{Fe}=0,3(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Fe_3O_4}=0,3.232=69,6(g)\\ c,PTHH:Fe_3O_4+8HCl\xrightarrow{t^o}FeCl_2+2FeCl_3+4H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{FeCl_2}=0,3(mol);n_{FeCl_3}=0,6(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{\text {muối}}=m_{FeCl_2}+m_{FeCl_3}=0,3.127+0,6.162,5=135,6(g)\)
Ta có : \(n_{Fe} = \dfrac{11,2}{56} = 0,2(mol)\)
\(Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\)
Theo PTHH :
\(n_{FeCl_2} = n_{H_2} = n_{Fe} = 0,2(mol)\)
Suy ra :
\(V_{H_2} = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48(lít)\\ m_{FeCl_2} = 0,2.127 = 25,4(gam)\)
PTPỨ: Fe + 2HCl -> FeCl2 + H2
a, \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m_{Fe}}{M_{Fe}}=\dfrac{11.2}{56}=0.2mol\)
Theo phương trình ta có: \(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0.2mol\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=n_{H_2}.24=0,2.24=4,8l\)
b, Theo phương trình: \(n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,2mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{FeCl_2}=0,2.36,5=7,3g\)
\(a,2KMnO_4+16HCl_{đặc}\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2KCl+2MnCl_2+5Cl_2+8H_2O\\ 2Fe+3Cl_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2FeCl_3\\ Ta.có:n_{FeCl_3}=\dfrac{39}{162,5}=0,24\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Fe}=n_{FeCl_3}=0,24\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,24=0,36\left(mol\right)\\ n_{K_2MnO_4}=\dfrac{2}{5}.0,36=0,144\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{16}{5}.0.36=1,152\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow a=m_{KMnO_4}=0,144.158=22,752\left(g\right)\\ b=C_{MddHCl}=\dfrac{1,152}{0,1}=11,52\left(M\right)\\ x=m_{Fe}=0,24.56=13,44\left(g\right)\\ V=V_{Cl_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,36.22,4=8,064\left(l\right) \)
\(b,n_{KCl}=n_{MnCl_2}=\dfrac{2}{5}.0,36=0,144\left(mol\right)\\ KCl+AgNO_3\rightarrow AgCl\downarrow\left(trắng\right)+KNO_3\\ MnCl_2+2AgNO_3\rightarrow2AgCl\downarrow\left(trắng\right)+Mn\left(NO_3\right)_2\\ n_{AgNO_3}=n_{AgCl}=n_{KCl}+2.n_{MnCl_2}=0,144+2.0,144=0,432\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{AgCl\downarrow\left(trắng\right)}=143,5.0,432=61,992\left(g\right)\\ m_{AgNO_3}=0,432.170=73,44\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{ddAgNO_3}=\dfrac{73,44.100}{5}=1468,8\left(g\right)\)
\(A)n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ Fe+2HCl\xrightarrow[]{}FeCl_2+H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=n_{FeCl_2}=0,1mol\\ V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\\ B)m_{FeCl_2}=0,1.183=18,3\left(g\right)\)