Cho 6,5g Zn vào 250g dung dịch H2SO4 có nồng độ 9,8% a) tính thể tích H2 b) tính C% dung dịch thu đc c) tính Cm dung dịch thu đc biết dung dịch sau có D = 1,15g/ml
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Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{FeSO_4}=n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
a, \(V_{H_2}=0,1.24,79=2,479\left(l\right)\)
b, \(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,1.98=9,8\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{9,8}{9,8\%}=100\left(g\right)\)
c, Ta có: m dd sau pư = 5,6 + 100 - 0,1.2 = 105,4 (g)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.152}{105,4}.100\%\approx14,42\%\)
PTHH: \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)
a) Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{200\cdot4,9\%}{98}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\) Cả 2 chất p/ứ hết
b+c) Theo PTHH: \(n_{ZnSO_4}=n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ZnSO_4}=0,1\cdot161=16,1\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,1\cdot2=0,2\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{dd}=m_{Zn}+m_{ddH_2SO_4}-m_{H_2}=206,3\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{ZnSO_4}=\dfrac{16,1}{206,3}\cdot100\%\approx7,8\%\)
nH2SO4 = 49/98 = 0.5 (mol)
CMH2SO4 = 0.5/0.15 = 3.3 (M)
Zn + H2SO4 => ZnSO4 + H2
...........0.5.............0.5.........0.5
VH2 = 0.5 * 22.4 = 11.2 (l)
CMZnSO4 = 0.5 / 0.15 = 10/3 (M)
C%ZnSO4 = CM*M / 10D = 10/3 * 161 / 10 * 1.25 = 42.9 %
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2mol\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
0,2 0,2 0,2 0,2
a)\(V_{H_2}=0,2\cdot22,4=4,48l\)
b)\(C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,5}=0,4M\)
c)\(C_{M_{FeSO_4}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,5}=0,4M\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
pthh : \(Fe+H_2SO_4->FeSO_4+H_2\)
0,2 0,2
=> \(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(L\right)\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,5}{22,4}.98\approx2,188\left(g\right)\)
=> mdd=11,2+2,188=13,388(g)
C%=\(\dfrac{2,188}{13,388}.100\%=16,3\%\)
\(BaO+H_2SO_4->BaSO_4+H_2O\\ n_{BaO}=\dfrac{15,3}{153}=0,1mol\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=0,098\cdot\dfrac{250}{98}=0,25mol\\ H_2SO_4:dư\left(0,15mol\right)\\ C_{\%H_2SO_4dư}=\dfrac{0,15.98}{15,3+250-233.0,1}.100\%=6,07\%\)
\(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{15,5}{62}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\\ n_{NaOH}=2.0,25=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ a,C_{MddNaOH}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,5}=1\left(M\right)\\ b,2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\\ n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,5}{2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ m_{H_2SO_4}=0,25.98=24,5\left(g\right)\\ m_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{24,5.100}{20}=122,5\left(g\right)\\ V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{122,5}{1,14}\approx107,456\left(ml\right)\\ c,V_{ddsau}=V_{ddNaOH}+V_{ddH_2SO_4}\approx0,5+0,107456=0,607456\left(l\right)\\C_{MddNa_2SO_4}\approx\dfrac{ 0,25}{0,607456}\approx0,411552\left(M\right)\)
a) \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theoo PTHH: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
b) \(m_{dd\left(sau\right)}=250+6,5-0,1.2=256,3\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%=\dfrac{0.1.161}{256,3}.100\%\approx0,06\%\)
c) \(V_{dd}=m_{dd}.D=256,3.1,15\approx294\left(ml\right)=0,294\left(l\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_M=\dfrac{0,1}{0,294}=0,34M\)