cho 19,5g Zn tác dụng với 500ml dd HCL 1M . tính khối lượng các chất sau phản ứng
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\(a.HCl+NaOH\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
PỨ trung hoà
\(b,n_{NaOH}=0,1.1=0,1mol\\ n_{NaCl}=n_{NaOH}=n_{HCl}0,1mol\\ m=m_{HCl}=0,1.36,5=3,65g\\ c,m_{NaCl}=0,1.58,5=5,85g\\ d,n_{HCl}=\dfrac{73.10}{100.36,5}=0,2mol\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,2}{1}\Rightarrow HCl.dư\\ n_{HCl,pứ}=n_{NaOH}=0,1mol\\ m_{HCl,dư}=\left(0,2-0,1\right).36,5=3,65g\)
\(a.n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{17,8\%.200}{36,5}=\dfrac{356}{365}\left(mol\right)\\ Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{\dfrac{356}{365}}{2}\\ \Rightarrow Znhết,HCldư\\ n_{HCl\left(dùng\right)}=0,1.2=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{HCl\left(dùng\right)}=0,2.36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\\ b.n_{H_2}=n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\\ c.n_{HCl\left(Dư\right)}=\dfrac{356}{365}-0,2=\dfrac{283}{365}\left(mol\right)\\ C\%_{ddZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.136}{6,5+200}.100\approx6,586\%\)
\(C\%_{ddHCl\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{\dfrac{283}{365}.36,5}{6,5+200}.100\approx13,705\%\)
Sửa đề : 7.3%
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(0.2........0.4..........0.2.........0.2\)
\(m_{HCl}=0.4\cdot36.5=14.6\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{dd_{HCl}}=\dfrac{14.6\cdot100}{7.3}=200\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ZnCl_2}=0.2\cdot136=27.2\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{\text{dung dịch sau phản ứng}}=13+200-0.2\cdot2=212.6\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{27.2}{212.6}\cdot100\%=12.79\%\)
nZn = 0,2 mol
a, PTHH : Zn + 2HCl -> ZnCl2 + H2
- Theo PTHH : nHCl = 2nZn = 0,4mol
=> mHCl = 14,6g
=> mddHCl = \(\dfrac{584}{3}\)g
b, - Theo PTHH : nZnCl2 = nZn = 0,2 mol
=> mZnCl2 = 27,2g
Mà mdd = mZn + mdd - mH2 = \(\dfrac{3109}{15}\)g
=> C%ZnCl2 = ~13,12%
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1
\(m_{HCl}=0,2.36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\\
V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24l\\
m_{\text{dd}}=6,5+200-\left(0,1.2\right)=206,3g\)
bài 2 :
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
0,2 0,4 0,2 0,2
\(m_{HCl}=0,4.36,5=14,6g\\
V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48l\\
m\text{dd}=4,8+200-0,4=204,4g\\
C\%=\dfrac{0,2.136}{204,4}.100\%=13,3\%\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right);n_{HCl}=0,5.1=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,5}{2}>\dfrac{0,1}{1}\Rightarrow Zn.hết,HCldư\\ n_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,5-2.0,1=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ m_{HCl\left(dư\right)}=0,3.36,5=10,95\left(g\right)\)
\(a) Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2\\ n_{ZnCl_2} = n_{Zn} = \dfrac{6,5}{65} = 0,1(mol)\\ m_{ZnCl_2} = 0,1.136 = 13,6(gam)\\ b) n_{H_2} = n_{Zn} = 0,1(mol) \Rightarrow V_{H_2} = 0,1.22,4 =2 ,24(lít)\\ c) n_{HCl} =2 n_{H_2} = 0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{HCl} = 0,2.36,5 = 7,3(gam)\ ; V_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,2}{0,5} = 0,4(lít)\)
a) $Na_2O + 2HCl \to 2NaCl + H_2O$
b) $n_{Na_2O} = \dfrac{6,2}{62} = 0,1(mol)$
$n_{HCl} = 0,5(mol)$
Ta thấy :
$n_{Na_2O} : 1 < n_{HCl} : 2$ nên HCl dư
$n_{HCl\ pư} = 2n_{Na_2O} = 0,2(mol)$
$n_{HCl\ dư} = 0,5 - 0,2 = 0,3(mol)$
$C_{M_{HCl}} = \dfrac{0,3}{0,5} = 0,6M$
$C_{M_{NaCl}} = \dfrac{0,2}{0,5} = 0,4M$
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{19,5}{65}=0,3\left(mol\right);n_{HCl}=0,5.1=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\\ Vì:\dfrac{0,3}{1}>\dfrac{0,5}{2}\Rightarrow HCl.hết,Zn.dư\\ Chất.sau.phản.ứng:ZnCl_2,H_2,Zn\left(dư\right)\\ n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}=n_{Zn\left(p.ứ\right)}=\dfrac{0,5}{2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Zn\left(dư\right)}=0,3-0,25=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ m_{ZnCl_2}=136.0,25=34\left(g\right)\\ m_{H_2}=0,25.2=0,5\left(g\right)\\ m_{Zn\left(dư\right)}=0,05.65=3,25\left(g\right)\)