Cho x, y, z > 0 và xyz=1. CMR :
\(\dfrac{x^2}{1+y}+\dfrac{y^2}{1+z}+\dfrac{z^2}{1+z}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
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Cho x, y, z > 0 và xyz=1. CMR :
\(\dfrac{x^2}{1+y}+\dfrac{y^2}{1+z}+\dfrac{z^2}{1+z}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)^2\ge3\left(\dfrac{1}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{yz}+\dfrac{1}{xz}\right)=\dfrac{3\left(x+y+z\right)}{xyz}\Rightarrow x+y+z\ge\dfrac{3}{xyz}\)
\(x+y+z=\dfrac{x+y+z}{3}+\dfrac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{3}\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)+\dfrac{2}{3}.\dfrac{3}{xyz}\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{9}{x+y+z}\right)+\dfrac{2}{xyz}=\dfrac{3}{x+y+z}+\dfrac{2}{xyz}\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(dấu"="xảy\) \(ra\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)
Đặt \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{a};\dfrac{1}{b};\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\Rightarrow abc=1\)
\(P=\dfrac{a^2bc}{b+c}+\dfrac{ab^2c}{c+a}+\dfrac{abc^2}{a+b}=\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}\)
\(P=\dfrac{a^2}{ab+ac}+\dfrac{b^2}{bc+ab}+\dfrac{c^2}{ac+bc}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\ge\dfrac{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy, ta có:
\(VT\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{x^2.y^2.z^2}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}}=3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{\left(1+x\right)\left(1+y\right)\left(1+z\right)}}\)
Ta có: xyz=1 và x,y,z >0
\(\Rightarrow x\le1\Rightarrow x+1\le2\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{x+1}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Tương tự \(\dfrac{1}{y+1}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{z+1}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{x+1}.\dfrac{1}{y+1}.\dfrac{1}{z+1}}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x=y=z=1
\(VT=\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}\right)=3+\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{z^2}+z^2\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}\right)+\dfrac{x^2}{y^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{x^2}\)
\(\dfrac{x^2}{y^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{x^2}>=2\cdot\sqrt{\dfrac{y^2}{x^2}\cdot\dfrac{x^2}{y^2}}=2\)
=>\(VT>=5+\left(\dfrac{x^2}{z^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{16x^2}\right)+\left(\dfrac{y^2}{z^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{16y^2}\right)+\dfrac{15}{16}z^2\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{x^2}{z^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{16x^2}>=2\cdot\sqrt{\dfrac{x^2}{z^2}\cdot\dfrac{z^2}{16x^2}}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\dfrac{y^2}{z^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{16y^2}>=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
và \(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}>=\dfrac{2}{xy}>=\dfrac{2}{\left(\dfrac{x+y}{2}\right)^2}=\dfrac{8}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\)
=>\(\dfrac{15}{16}z^2\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}\right)>=\dfrac{15}{16}z^2\cdot\dfrac{8}{\left(x+y\right)^2}=\dfrac{15}{2}\left(\dfrac{z}{x+y}\right)^2=\dfrac{15}{2}\)
=>VT>=5+1/2+1/2+15/2=27/2
Lời giải:
Ta có: \(xy+yz+xz=3xyz\Rightarrow \frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=3\)
Mà theo BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz: \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\geq \frac{9}{x+y+z}\)
Do đó: \(3\geq \frac{9}{x+y+z}\Rightarrow x+y+z\geq 3\)
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Ta có: \(\text{VT}=x-\frac{xz}{x^2+z}+y-\frac{xy}{y^2+x}+z-\frac{yz}{z^2+y}\)
\(=(x+y+z)-\left(\frac{xy}{y^2+x}+\frac{yz}{z^2+y}+\frac{xz}{x^2+z}\right)\)
\(\geq x+y+z-\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{xy}{\sqrt{xy^2}}+\frac{yz}{\sqrt{z^2y}}+\frac{xz}{\sqrt{x^2z}}\right)\) (AM-GM)
\(=x+y+z-\frac{1}{2}(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z})\)
Tiếp tục AM-GM: \(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}\leq \frac{x+1}{2}+\frac{y+1}{2}+\frac{z+1}{2}=\frac{x+y+z+3}{2}\)
Suy ra:
\(\text{VT}\geq x+y+z-\frac{1}{2}.\frac{x+y+z+3}{2}=\frac{3}{4}(x+y+z)-\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\geq \frac{9}{4}-\frac{3}{4}=\frac{3}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
Ta có đpcm
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi $x=y=z=1$
\(\sum\dfrac{x^4y}{x^2+1}=\sum\dfrac{x^3.\dfrac{1}{z}}{x^2+xyz}=\sum\dfrac{x^2}{z\left(x+yz\right)}=\sum\dfrac{x^2}{xz+1}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức cauchy-schwarz:
\(Vt=\sum\dfrac{x^2}{xz+1}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{xy+yz+xz+3}\)
mà theo AM-GM: \(xy+yz+xz\ge3\sqrt[3]{x^2y^2z^2}=3\)
hay \(3\le xy+yz+xz\)
do đó \(VT\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}\ge\dfrac{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=y=z=1
P/s: Câu này khoai
Giả thiết thiếu rồi em, chỗ \(\dfrac{1}{x+1}+...\) thiếu đoạn sau nữa
Đề sai nhé, \(\dfrac{z^2}{x+1}\) mới đúng nha
\(\dfrac{x^2}{y+1}+\dfrac{y^2}{z+1}+\dfrac{z^2}{x+1}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+3}\left(\text{Svácxơ}\right)\)
\(\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{2}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)
Ta có: \(x+y+z\ge3\sqrt[3]{xyz}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y+z+3\le2\left(x+y+z\right)\)