tìm đa thức bậc 3 f(x) , biết f(2015)=2016, f(2016)=2017, f(2014)-f(2017)=3
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Ta sẽ xét tính biến thiên của hàm số :
Ta có \(f\left(x\right)=\left(x^3-3x^2+3x-1\right)+4=\left(x-1\right)^3+4\)
\(f\left(\frac{2017}{2016}\right)-f\left(\frac{2016}{2015}\right)=\left(\frac{2017}{2016}-1\right)^3-\left(\frac{2016}{2015}-1\right)^3\)
\(=\left(\frac{1}{2016}-\frac{1}{2015}\right)\left[\left(\frac{2017}{2016}-1\right)^2+\left(\frac{2016}{2015}-1\right)^2+\left(\frac{2017}{2016}-1\right)\left(\frac{2016}{2015}-1\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(\frac{1}{2016}-\frac{1}{2015}\right)\left(\frac{1}{2016^2}+\frac{1}{2015^2}+\frac{1}{2016}.\frac{1}{2015}\right)< 0\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(\frac{2017}{2016}\right)-f\left(\frac{2016}{2015}\right)< 0\Rightarrow f\left(\frac{2017}{2016}\right)< f\left(\frac{2016}{2015}\right)\)
Ta sẽ xét tính biến thiên của hàm số :
Ta có f\left(x\right)=\left(x^3-3x^2+3x-1\right)+4=\left(x-1\right)^3+4f(x)=(x3−3x2+3x−1)+4=(x−1)3+4
f\left(\frac{2017}{2016}\right)-f\left(\frac{2016}{2015}\right)=\left(\frac{2017}{2016}-1\right)^3-\left(\frac{2016}{2015}-1\right)^3f(20162017)−f(20152016)=(20162017−1)3−(20152016−1)3
=\left(\frac{1}{2016}-\frac{1}{2015}\right)\left[\left(\frac{2017}{2016}-1\right)^2+\left(\frac{2016}{2015}-1\right)^2+\left(\frac{2017}{2016}-1\right)\left(\frac{2016}{2015}-1\right)\right]=(20161−20151)[(20162017−1)2+(20152016−1)2+(20162017−1)(20152016−1)]
=\left(\frac{1}{2016}-\frac{1}{2015}\right)\left(\frac{1}{2016^2}+\frac{1}{2015^2}+\frac{1}{2016}.\frac{1}{2015}\right)< 0=(20161−20151)(201621+201521+20161.20151)<0
\Rightarrow f\left(\frac{2017}{2016}\right)-f\left(\frac{2016}{2015}\right)< 0\Rightarrow f\left(\frac{2017}{2016}\right)< f\left(\frac{2016}{2015}\right)⇒f(20162017)−f(20152016)<0⇒f(20162017)<f(20152016)
Lời giải:
Sử dụng công thức nội suy Newton:
$f(x)=a_1+a_2(x-2017)+a_3(x-2017)(x-2018)+a_4(x-2017)(x-2018)(x-t)$ với $a_4$ nguyên dương, $a_1,a_2, a_3, t$ bất kỳ.
Ta có:
$f(2017)=a_1=2018$
$f(2018)=a_1+a_2=2019$
$\Rightarrow a_2=1$. Thay giá trị $a_1,a_2$ vào lại $f(x)$ thì:
$f(x)=x+1+a_3(x-2017)(x-2018)+a_4(x-2017)(x-2018)(x-t)$
Do đó:
$f(2019)=2020+2a_3+2a_4(2019-a)$
$f(2016)=2017+2a_3+2a_4(2016-a)$
$\Rightarrow f(2019)-f(2016)=3+6a_4\vdots 3$ với mọi $a_4$ nguyên dương.
Cũng dễ thấy $3+6a_4>3$ với mọi $a_4$ nguyên dương
Do đó $f(2019)-f(2016)$ là hợp số (đpcm)
toán lớp 7 đấy không phải lớp 10 đâu ! Giups mình với nhé !
f(x)= x^2017 - 2016.x^2016 - 2016.x^2015 - ... - 2016x + 1
f(x)= x^2017 - (2017 - 1)x^2016 - (2017 - 1)x^2015 - ... - (2017 - 1)x +1
Với x=2017 ta có :
f(x)= x^2017 - (x - 1)x^2016 - (x-1)x^2015 - ... - (x - 1)x +1
f(x)= x^2017 - x^2017 +x^2016 - x^2016 +...+ x^2 - x^2 + x + 1
f(x)= x + 1
Thay x =2017 vào f(x) ta có :
f(2017) = 2017 +1 = 2018
\(f\left(1\right)=a_{2017}+a_{2016}+...+a_3+a_2+a_1+a_0\)
\(f\left(-1\right)=-a_{2017}+a_{2016}+...-a_3+a_2-a_1+a_0\)
\(f\left(1\right)+f\left(-1\right)=2\left(a_{2016}+a_{2014}+...+a_2+a_0\right)\)
\(S=\frac{f\left(1\right)+f\left(-1\right)}{2}=\frac{3^{2017}+1}{2}\)
Xét đa thức \(F\left(x\right)=ax^2+bx+c\)
\(F\left(0\right)=c=2016\)
\(F\left(1\right)=a+b+c=2017\Rightarrow a+b=1\) (1)
\(F\left(-1\right)=a-b+c=2018\Rightarrow a-b=2\) (2)
Từ (1), (2)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a+b-a+b=-1\\a+b+a-b=3\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}2b=-1\\2a=3\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}b=-0,5\\a=1,5\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow F\left(2\right)=1,5.2^2-0,5.2+2016=2021\)
Vậy \(F\left(2\right)=2021\).
Lời giải:
Ta thấy: \(f(x)=\frac{x^3}{1-3x+3x^2}\Rightarrow f(1-x)=\frac{(1-x)^3}{1-3(1-x)+3(1-x)^2}=\frac{(1-x)^3}{3x^2-3x+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow f(x)+f(1-x)=\frac{x^3}{1-3x+3x^2}+\frac{(1-x)^3}{3x^2-3x+1}=\frac{x^3+(1-x)^3}{3x^2-3x+1}=1\)
Do đó:
\(f\left(\frac{1}{2017}\right)+f\left(\frac{2016}{2017}\right)=1\)
\(f\left(\frac{2}{2017}\right)+f\left(\frac{2015}{2017}\right)=1\)
............
\(f\left(\frac{1008}{2017}\right)+f\left(\frac{1009}{2017}\right)=1\)
Cộng theo vế:
\(\Rightarrow A=f\left(\frac{1}{2017}\right)+f\left(\frac{2}{2017}\right)+f\left(\frac{3}{2017}\right)+...f\left(\frac{2015}{2017}\right)+f\left(\frac{2016}{2017}\right)\)
\(=\underbrace{1+1+1...+1}_{1008}=1008\)
Ta có
\(F\left(0\right)=2016\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a\cdot0^2+b\cdot0+c=2016\)
\(\Leftrightarrow0+0+c=2016\)
\(\Leftrightarrow c=2016\)
\(F\left(1\right)=2016\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a\cdot1^2+b\cdot1+c=2017\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c=2017\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+2016=2017\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b=1\) \(\left(1\right)\)
\(F\left(-1\right)=2018\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a\cdot\left(-1\right)^2+b\cdot\left(-1\right)+c=2018\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a-b+c=2018\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a-b+2016=2018\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a-b=2\) \(\left(2\right)\)
Từ \(\left(1\right)\)và \(\left(2\right)\)\(\Rightarrow a=\left(1+2\right)\div2=3\div2=1.5\)
\(\Rightarrow b=1-1.5=-0.5\)
Vậy \(F\left(x\right)=1.5x^2-0.5x+2016\)
\(\Leftrightarrow F\left(2\right)=1.5\cdot2^2-0.5\cdot2+2016\)
\(=1.5\cdot4-0.5\cdot2+2016\)
\(=6-1+2016=2021\)
Vậy \(F\left(2\right)=2021\)
nhớ k nha