Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 34.
The main difference between urban growth in Europe and in the American colonies was the slow evolution of cities in the former and their rapid growth in the latter. In Europe they grew over a period of centuries from town economies to their present urban structure. In North America, they started as wilderness communities and developed to mature urbanism’s in little more than a century.
In the early colonial day in North America, small cities sprang up along the Atlantic Coastline, mostly in what are now New America, small cities sprang up along the Atlantic United States and in the lower Saint Lawrence valley in Canada. This was natural because these areas were nearest England and France, particularly England, from which most capital goods (assets such as equipment) and many consumer goods were imported Merchandising establishments were, accordingly, advantageously located in port cities from which goods could be readily distributed to interior settlements. Here, too, were the favored locations for processing raw materials prior to export. Boston, Philadelphia, New York, Montreal, and other cities flourished, and, as the colonies grew, these cities increased in importance.
This was less true in the colonial South, where life centered around large farms, known as plantations, rather than around towns, as was the case in the areas further north along the Atlantic coastline. The local isolation and the economic self-sufficiency of the plantations were antagonistic to the development of the towns. The plantations maintained their independence because they were located on navigable streams and each had a wharf accessible to the small shipping of that day. In fact, one of the strongest factors in the selection of plantation land was the desire to have it front on a water highway.
When the United States became an independent nation in 1776, it did not have a single city as large as 50,000 inhabitants, but by 1820 it had a city of more than 10,000 people, and by 1880 it had recorded a city of over one million. It was not until after 1823, after the mechanization of the spinning and weaving industries, that cities started drawing young people away from farms. Such migration was particularly rapid following the Civil War (1861-1865).
According to the passage, all of the following aspects of the plantation system influenced the growth of southern cities EXCEPT the _________.
A. location of the plantations
B. access of plantation owners to shipping
C. relationships between plantation residents and city residents
D. economic self-sufficiency of the plantation
The North Atlantic Right Whale
North Atlantic right whales live near the Atlantic coast of North America. Many whales are in danger of extinction, but this species is in an especially difficult situation. In the past, there were tens of thousands of North Atlantic right whales. Today, the population has dropped to under 500 animals, and experts are worried that this number will continue to fall
There are many reasons why it is difficult to keep right whales safe . Their natural habitat is close to areas where there is a lot of human activity and they are sometimes hit by boats. Pollution is also a problem because it makes the animals sick.
In the summer, the whales swim north to find food, and in the winter, they migrate south where the water is warmer. In the future, temperatures sea rising will also likely have an effect on the species. Right whales may have to change their migration patterns to find cooler waters.
These amazing animals can grow to over 50 feet and weigh more than 80 tons. They are friendly and sociable and often swim quite close to boats. Sadly, these characteristics are part of the reason they are in danger of extinction.
\(#TyHM\)
The North Atlantic Right Whale
North Atlantic right whales live near the Atlantic coast of North America. Many whales are in danger of extinction, but this species is in an especially difficult situation. In the past, there were tens of thousands of North Atlantic right whales. Today, the population has dropped to under 500 animals, and experts are worried that this number will continue to fall
There are many reasons why it is difficult to keep right whales safe . Their natural habitat is close to areas where there is a lot of human activity and they are sometimes hit by boats. Pollution is also a problem because it makes the animals sick.
In the summer, the whales swim north to find food, and in the winter, they migrate south where the water is warmer. In the future, temperatures sea rising will also likely have an effect on the species. Right whales may have to change their migration patterns to find cooler waters.
These amazing animals can grow to over 50 feet and weigh more than 80 tons. They are friendly and sociable and often swim quite close to boats. Sadly, these characteristics are part of the reason they are in danger of extinction.