Cho a>b>0 . Và a+b=1
Cm 1/a+1 + 1/b+1 >= 4/3
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1.
\(\left(1+a\right)^2=\left(1.1+\sqrt{\frac{a}{b}}.\sqrt{ab}\right)^2\le\left(1+\frac{a}{b}\right)\left(1+ab\right)=\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(1+ab\right)}{b}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\left(1+a\right)^2}\ge\frac{b}{\left(a+b\right)\left(1+ab\right)}\)
\(\left(1+b\right)^2\le\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(1+ab\right)}{a}\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\left(1+b\right)^2}\ge\frac{a}{\left(a+b\right)\left(1+ab\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\left(1+a\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(1+b\right)^2}\ge\frac{a}{\left(a+b\right)\left(1+ab\right)}+\frac{b}{\left(a+b\right)\left(1+ab\right)}=\frac{1}{1+ab}=\frac{1}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=1\)
2.
\(P=\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{a^4+3}}+\sqrt{\frac{b^2}{b^4+3}}\le\sqrt{2\left(\frac{a^2}{a^4+3}+\frac{b^2}{b^4+3}\right)}\)
Đặt \(\left(a^2;b^2\right)=\left(x;y\right)\Rightarrow xy=1\)
\(Q=\frac{x}{x^2+3}+\frac{y}{y^2+3}=\frac{x}{x^2+3}+\frac{x}{3x^2+1}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}\)
\(Q=\frac{-\left(x-1\right)^2\left(3x^2-2x+3\right)}{2\left(x^2+3\right)\left(3x^2+1\right)}+\frac{1}{2}\le\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\sqrt{2Q}\le1\)
\(P_{max}=1\) khi \(a=b=1\)
a)\(\frac{a}{b}\)<\(\frac{a+c}{b+c}\)<=>a(b+c)<b(a+c)<=>ab+ac<ac+bc<=>ac<bc<=>a<b(đúng theo giả thiết)
Vậy:\(\frac{a}{b}\)<\(\frac{a+c}{b+c}\)
b) (a+b)(\(\frac{1}{a}\)+\(\frac{1}{b}\))=\(\frac{a+b}{a}\)+\(\frac{a+b}{b}\)=1+\(\frac{b}{a}\)+1+\(\frac{a}{b}\)
Giả sử a<b, ta đặt b=a+k(k>0)
Khi đó (a+b)(\(\frac{1}{a}\)+\(\frac{1}{b}\))=2+\(\frac{a+k}{a}\)+\(\frac{a}{b}\)=3+\(\frac{k}{a}\)+\(\frac{a}{b}\)=3+\(\frac{bk+a^2}{ab}\)=3+\(\frac{ak+k^2+a^2}{ab}\)=3+\(\frac{a\left(a+k\right)+k^2}{ab}\)=3+\(\frac{ab+k^2}{ab}\)=4+\(\frac{k^2}{ab}\)\(\ge\)4(đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi a=b)
Chứng minh tương tự với a>b
\(\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\left(a+b\right)=2+\frac{a^2+b^2}{ab}\ge4\)
\(\frac{a^2+b^2}{ab}\ge2\)
\(a^2+b^2\ge2ab\) (điều này đúng nên BĐT đúng)
Ta có \(\left(a-b\right)^2=a^2-2ab+b^2\Rightarrow a^2+b^2=2ab\Rightarrow\frac{a^2+b^2}{ab}=2\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}=2\)
Lại có:\(\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\left(a+b\right)=\frac{a}{a}+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{b}=2+2=4\)
\(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}\ge\frac{4}{a+b+1+1}=\frac{4}{3}\)
1 dòng :)
Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}=\frac{a+b+2}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}=\frac{3}{ab+2}\left(1\right)\)
Mà \(a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\left(1\ge2\sqrt{ab}\right)\Leftrightarrow ab\le\frac{1}{4}\)
Thay vào \(\left(1\right)\) ta được:
\(\frac{3}{ab+2}\ge\frac{3}{\frac{1}{4}+2}=\frac{3}{\frac{9}{4}}=\frac{4}{3}\)
Hay \(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}\ge\frac{4}{3}\) (Đpcm)