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11 tháng 9 2023

- birth and early life: (sinh ra và cuộc sống lúc đầu)

1820: born in Florence, Italy

(1820: sinh ra ở Florence, Ý)

grew up in England with parents and older sister, Parthenope

(lớn lên ở Anh với cha mẹ và chị gái, Parthenope)

- later life: (cuộc sống lúc sau)

1844: studied nursing in Germany and later went to work in a hospital in London

(1844: học y tá ở Đức và sau đó đi làm việc trong một bệnh viện ở London)

1854: went to the military hospital at Scutari, Turkey.

(1854: đến bệnh viện quân sự tại Scutari, Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ.)

• went with 38 women

(đi cùng 38 phụ nữ)

• cleaned hospital and improved conditions for wounded soldiers

(bệnh viện được dọn dẹp và cải thiện điều kiện cho thương binh)

• death rate dropped from 60% to 2% within six months

(tỷ lệ tử vong giảm từ 60% xuống 2% trong vòng sáu tháng)

- later achievements and death: (thành tựu sau này và sự qua đời)

1855: given an award and a piece of jewelry by Queen Victoria

(1855: Nữ hoàng Victoria trao giải thưởng và một món đồ trang sức)

1859: wrote Notes on Nursing

(1859: viết Ghi chú về điều dưỡng)

1860: opened St. Thomas' Hospital

(1860: mở bệnh viện St. Thomas)

started the Nightingale Training School for Nurses

(thành lập Trường đào tạo Y tá Nightingale)

1868: opened Women's Medical College

(1868: mở trường Cao đẳng Y tế Nữ)

1908: given the merit of honor by King Edward VII

(1908: được Vua Edward VII tặng bằng khen)

1910: died at home in London

(1910: mất tại nhà ở London)

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questionsDuring the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, almost nothing was written about the contribution of women during the colonial period and the early history of the newly formed United States. Lacking the right to vote and absent from the seats of power, women were not considered an important force in history. Anne Bradstreet wrote some significant...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, almost nothing was written about the contribution of women during the colonial period and the early history of the newly formed United States. Lacking the right to vote and absent from the seats of power, women were not considered an important force in history. Anne Bradstreet wrote some significant poetry in the seventeenth century, Mercy Otis Warren produced the best contemporary history of the American Revolution, and Abigail Adams penned important letters showing she exercised great political influence over her husband, John, the second President of the United States. But little or no notice was taken of these contributions. During these centuries, women remained invisible in history books.

Throughout the nineteenth century, this lack of visibility continued, despite the efforts of female authors writing about women. These writers, like most of their male counterparts, were amateur historians. Their writings were celebratory in nature, and they were uncritical in their selection and use of sources.

During the nineteenth century, however, certain feminists showed a keen sense of history by keeping records of activities in which women were engaged. National, regional, and local women‟s organizations compiled accounts of their doings. Personal correspondence, newspaper clippings, and souvenirs were saved and stored. These sources form the core of the two greatest collections of women‟s history in the United States – one at the Elizabeth and Arthur Schlesinger Library at Radcliffe College, and the other the Sophia Smith Collection at Smith College. Such sources have provided valuable materials for later generations of historians.

Despite the gathering of more information about ordinary women during the nineteenth century, most of the writing about women conformed to the “great women” theory of history, just as much of mainstream American history concentrated on “great men”. To demonstrate that women were making significant contributions to American life, female authors singled out women leaders and wrote biographies, or else important women produced their autobiographies. Most of these leaders were involved in public life as reformers, activists working for women‟s right to vote, or authors, and were not representative at all of the great mass of ordinary women. The lives of ordinary people continued, generally, to be untold in the American histories being published.

What does the passage mainly discuss ? 

A. The keen sense of history shown by American women.

B. The “great women” approach to history used by American historians. 

C. The role of literature in early American histories. 

D. The place of American women in written histories. 

1
12 tháng 3 2018

Đáp án là D.

Bài đọc nói về The place of American women in written histories. (Vị trí của phụ nữ Mỹ trong lịch sử ) được thể hiện qua nội dung chính của mỗi đoạn: - During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, almost nothing was written about the contribution of women during the colonial period and the early history of the newly formed United States. (Trong các thế kỷ XVII và XVIII, hầu như không có gì đã được viết về sự đóng góp của phụ nữ trong thời kỳ thuộc địa và lịch sử ban đầu của Hoa Kỳ khi mới được thành lập.) - Throughout the nineteenth century, this lack of visibility continued, despite the efforts of female authors writing about women. (Trong suốt thế kỷ XIX, sự thiếu tầm nhìn tiếp tục, bất chấp những nỗ lực của tác giả nữ viết về phụ nữ.) - During the nineteenth century, however, certain feminists showed a keen sense of history by keeping records of activities in which women were engaged. (Tuy nhiên, trong suốt thế kỷ XIX, các nhà nữ quyền nhất định cho thấy một ý thức sâu sắc về lịch sử bằng cách giữ ghi chép về các hoạt
độngmà trong đó phụ nữ được tham gia.) 

Read the following passage and mark the letter A,B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 4 to 10.During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, almost nothing was written about the contributions of women during the colonial period and the early history of the newly formed United States. Lacking the right to vote and absent from the seats of power, women were not considered an important force in history. Anne Bradstreet wrote some significant...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A,B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 4 to 10.

During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, almost nothing was written about the contributions of women during the colonial period and the early history of the newly formed United States. Lacking the right to vote and absent from the seats of power, women were not considered an important force in history. Anne Bradstreet wrote some significant poetry in the seventeenth century, Mercy Otis Warren produced the best contemporary history of the American Revolution, and Abigail Adams penned important letters showing she exercised great political influence over her husband, John, the second President of the United States. But little or no notice was taken of these contributions. During these centuries, women remained invisible in history books.

Throughout the nineteenth century, this lack of visibility continued, despite the efforts of female authors writing about women. These writers, like most of their male counterparts, were amateur historians. Their writings were celebratory in nature, and they were uncritical in their selection and use of sources.

During the nineteenth century, however, certain feminists showed a keen sense of history by keeping records of activities in which women were engaged. National, regional, and local women's organizations compiled accounts of their doings. Personal correspondence, newspaper clippings, and souvenirs were saved and stored. These sources from the core of the two greatest collections of women's history in the United States one at the Elizabeth and Arthur Schlesinger Library at Radcliffe College, and the other the Sophia Smith Collection at Smith College. Such sources have provided valuable materials for later Generations of historians.

Despite the gathering of more information about ordinary women during the nineteenth Century, most of the writing about women conformed to the "great women" theory of History, just as much of mainstream American history concentrated on "great men." To demonstrate that women were making significant contributions to American life, female authors singled out women leaders and wrote biographies, or else important women produced their autobiographies. Most of these leaders were involved in public life as reformers, activists working for women's right to vote, or authors, and were not representative at all of the great of ordinary woman. The lives of ordinary people continued, generally, to be untold in the American histories being published.

What does the passage mainly discuss?

A. The place of American women in written histories

B. The "great women" approach to history used by American historians

C. The keen sense of history shown by American wom

D. The role of literature in early American histories

1
25 tháng 12 2019

Đáp án A

Bài chủ yếu thảo luận về chủ đề gì?

A. Việc phụ nữ được viết trong lịch sử nước Mỹ.

B. “great woman” đi vào lịch sử bởi những nhà sử học Mỹ.

C. Sự quan tâm lịch sử sâu sắc được cho thấy bởi những người phụ nữ Mỹ.

D. Vai trò của văn học trọng lịch sử nước Mỹ thời kỳ đầu.

Dẫn chứng: During these centuries, women remained invisible in history books.... To demonstrate that women were making significant contributions to American life.

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, almost nothing was written about the contributions of women during the colonial period and the early history of the newly formed United States. Lacking the right to vote and absence from the seats of power, women were not considered an important force in history. Anne Bradstreet wrote some significant...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, almost nothing was written about the contributions of women during the colonial period and the early history of the newly formed United States. Lacking the right to vote and absence from the seats of power, women were not considered an important force in history. Anne Bradstreet wrote some significant poetry in the seventeenth century, Mercy Otis Warren produced the best contemporary history of the American Revolution, and Abigail Adams penned important letters showing she exercised great political influence over her husband, John, the second President of the United States. But little or no notice was taken of these contributions. During these centuries, women remained invisible in history books.

Throughout the nineteenth century, this lack of visibility continued, despite the efforts of female authors writing about women. These writers, like most of their male counterparts, were amateur historians. Their writings were celebratory in nature, and they were uncritical in their selection and use of sources.

During the nineteenth century, however, certain feminists showed a keen sense of history by keeping records of activities in which women were engaged. National, regional, and local women’s organizations compiled accounts of their doings. Personal correspondence, newspaper clippings, and souvenirs were saved and stored. These sources came from the core of the two greatest collections of women’s history in the United

States - one at the Elizabeth and Arthur Schlesinger Library at Radcliffe College, and the other the Sophia Smith Collection at Smith College. Such sources have provided valuable materials for later Generations of historians.

Despite the gathering of more information about ordinary women during the nineteenth century, most of the writing about women conformed to the “great women” theory of history, just as much of mainstream American history concentrated on “great men.” To demonstrate that women were making significant contributions to American life, female authors singled out women leaders and wrote biographies, or else important women produced their autobiographies. Most of these leaders were involved in public life as reformers, activists working for women’s right to vote, or authors, and were not representative at all of the great of ordinary woman. The lives of ordinary people continued, generally, to be untold in the American histories being published.

What does the passage mainly discuss?

A. The keen sense of history shown by American women

B. The “great women” approach to history used by American historians

C. The role of literature in early American histories

D. The place of American women in written histories

1
9 tháng 9 2018

Đáp án là D

Vị trí, vai trò của người phụ nữ Mỹ trong lịch sử được viết lại.

Có thể dựa vào những ý đầu tiên trong bài: During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, almost nothing was written about the contributions of women during the colonial period and the early history of the newly formed United States. Lacking the right to vote and absence from the seats of power, women were not considered an important force in history.

Read the following passage carefully and then choose the best answer to each question.      During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, almost nothing was written about the contributions of women during the colonial period and the early history of the newly formed United States. Lacking the right to vote and absent from the seats of power, women were not considered an important force in history. Anne Bradstreet wrote some significant poetry in the seventeenth century, Mercy Otis Warren...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage carefully and then choose the best answer to each question.

      During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, almost nothing was written about the contributions of women during the colonial period and the early history of the newly formed United States. Lacking the right to vote and absent from the seats of power, women were not considered an important force in history. Anne Bradstreet wrote some significant poetry in the seventeenth century, Mercy Otis Warren produced the best contemporary history of the American Revolution, and Abigail Adams penned important letters showing she exercised great political influence over her husband, John, the second President of the United States. But little or no notice was taken of these contributions. During these centuries, women remained invisible in history books.

Throughout the nineteenth century, this lack of visibility continued, despite the efforts of female authors writing about women. These writers, like most of their male counterparts, were amateur historians. Their writings were celebratory in nature, and they were uncritical in their selection and use of sources.

During the nineteenth century, however, certain feminists showed a keen sense of history by keeping records of activities in which women were engaged. National, regional, and local women’s organizations compiled accounts of their doings. Personal correspondence, newspaper clippings, and souvenirs were saved and stored. These sources from the core of the two greatest collections of women’s history in the United States one at the Elizabeth and Arthur Schlesinger Library at Radcliffe College, and the other the Sophia Smith Collection at Smith College. Such sources have provided valuable materials for later Generations of historians.

Despite the gathering of more information about ordinary women during the nineteenth Century, most of the writing about women conformed to the “great women” theory of History, just as much of mainstream American history concentrated on “great men.” To demonstrate that women were making signiíícant contributions to American life, female authors singled out women leaders and wrote biographies, or else important women produced their autobiographies. Most of these leaders were involved in public life as reformers, activists working for women’s right to vote, or authors, and were not representative at all of the great of ordinary woman. The lives of ordinary people continued, generally, to be untold in the American histories being published.

 What does the passage mainly discuss?

 

 

A. The role of literature in early American histories x 

B. The place of American women in written histories 

C. The keen sense of history shown by American women 

D. The “great women” approach to history used by American historians

1
28 tháng 8 2019

  Đáp án là A. generated = caused: dẫn đến, gây ra…

Các từ còn lại: assisted: hỗ trợ ; estimated : ước tính ; requested : yêu cầu

Read the following passage carefully and then choose the best answer to  each question.During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, almost nothing was written about the contributions of women during the colonial period and the early history of the newly formed United States. Lacking the right to vote and absent from the seats of power, women were not considered an important force in history. Anne Bradstreet wrote some significant poetry in the seventeenth century, Mercy Otis Warren produced...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage carefully and then choose the best answer to  each question.

During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, almost nothing was written about the contributions of women during the colonial period and the early history of the newly formed United States. Lacking the right to vote and absent from the seats of power, women were not considered an important force in history. Anne Bradstreet wrote some significant poetry in the seventeenth century, Mercy Otis Warren produced the best contemporary history of the American Revolution, and Abigail Adams penned important letters showing she exercised great political influence over her husband, John, the second President of the United States. But little or no notice was taken of these contributions. During these centuries, women remained invisible in history books.

Throughout the nineteenth century, this lack of visibility continued, despite the efforts of female authors writing about women. These writers, like most of their male counterparts, were amateur historians. Their writings were celebratory in nature, and they were uncritical in their selection and use of sources.

During the nineteenth century, however, certain feminists showed a keen sense of history by keeping records of activities in which women were engaged. National, regional, and local women’s organizations compiled accounts of their doings. Personal correspondence, newspaper clippings, and souvenirs were saved and stored. These sources from the core of the two greatest collections of women’s history in the United States one at the Elizabeth and Arthur Schlesinger Library at Radcliffe College, and the other the Sophia Smith Collection at Smith College. Such sources have provided valuable materials for later Generations of historians.

Despite the gathering of more information about ordinary women during the nineteenth Century, most of the writing about women conformed to the “great women” theory of History, just as much of mainstream American history concentrated on “great men.” To demonstrate that women were making significant contributions to American life, female authors singled out women leaders and wrote biographies, or else important women produced their autobiographies. Most of these leaders were involved in public life as reformers, activists working for women’s right to vote, or authors, and were not representative at all of the great of ordinary woman. The lives of ordinary people continued, generally, to be untold in the American histories being published. 

 

What does the passage mainly discuss?

A. The role of literature in early American histories

B. The place of American women in written histories

C. The keen sense of history shown by  American women

D. The “great women” approach to history used by American historians

1
18 tháng 8 2019

Đáp án : B

Chọn B( vị trí, vai trò của người phụ nữ Mỹ được lịch sử ghi lại.)

Có thể dựa vào những ý đầu tiên trong bài “During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, almost nothing was written about the contributions of women during the colonial period and the early history of the newly formed  United States. Lacking the right to vote and absent from the seats of power, women were not considered an important force in history”

Read the following passage carefully and then choose the best answer to  each question.During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, almost nothing was written about the contributions of women during the colonial period and the early history of the newly formed United States. Lacking the right to vote and absent from the seats of power, women were not considered an important force in history. Anne Bradstreet wrote some significant poetry in the seventeenth century, Mercy Otis Warren produced...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage carefully and then choose the best answer to  each question.

During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, almost nothing was written about the contributions of women during the colonial period and the early history of the newly formed United States. Lacking the right to vote and absent from the seats of power, women were not considered an important force in history. Anne Bradstreet wrote some significant poetry in the seventeenth century, Mercy Otis Warren produced the best contemporary history of the American Revolution, and Abigail Adams penned important letters showing she exercised great political influence over her husband, John, the second President of the United States. But little or no notice was taken of these contributions. During these centuries, women remained invisible in history books.

Throughout the nineteenth century, this lack of visibility continued, despite the efforts of female authors writing about women. These writers, like most of their male counterparts, were amateur historians. Their writings were celebratory in nature, and they were uncritical in their selection and use of sources.

During the nineteenth century, however, certain feminists showed a keen sense of history by keeping records of activities in which women were engaged. National, regional, and local women’s organizations compiled accounts of their doings. Personal correspondence, newspaper clippings, and souvenirs were saved and stored. These sources from the core of the two greatest collections of women’s history in the United States one at the Elizabeth and Arthur Schlesinger Library at Radcliffe College, and the other the Sophia Smith Collection at Smith College. Such sources have provided valuable materials for later Generations of historians.

Despite the gathering of more information about ordinary women during the nineteenth Century, most of the writing about women conformed to the “great women” theory of History, just as much of mainstream American history concentrated on “great men.” To demonstrate that women were making significant contributions to American life, female authors singled out women leaders and wrote biographies, or else important women produced their autobiographies. Most of these leaders were involved in public life as reformers, activists working for women’s right to vote, or authors, and were not representative at all of the great of ordinary woman. The lives of ordinary people continued, generally, to be untold in the American histories being published. 

 

On the basis of information in the third paragraph, which of the following would most likely have been collected by nineteenth-century feminist organizations?

A. Newspaper accounts of presidential election results

B. Biographies of John Adams

C. Letters from a mother to a daughter advising her how to handle a family problem

D. Books about famous graduates of the country’s first college

1
28 tháng 11 2017

Đáp án : C

Ta dựa vào: “During the nineteenth century, however, certain feminists showed a keen sense of history by keeping records of activities in which women were engaged” nghĩa là: Trong thế kỉ XIX, các nhà nữ quyền nào đó đã cho thấy một ý thức sâu sắc về lịch sử bằng cách giữ hồ sơ về các hoạt động, trong đó phụ nữ được tham gia.

Đáp án C: thư từ mẹ gửi con gái khuyên làm thế nào để giải quyết 1 vấn đề gia đình

Read the following passage carefully and then choose the best answer to each question.      During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, almost nothing was written about the contributions of women during the colonial period and the early history of the newly formed United States. Lacking the right to vote and absent from the seats of power, women were not considered an important force in history. Anne Bradstreet wrote some significant poetry in the seventeenth century, Mercy Otis Warren...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage carefully and then choose the best answer to each question.

      During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, almost nothing was written about the contributions of women during the colonial period and the early history of the newly formed United States. Lacking the right to vote and absent from the seats of power, women were not considered an important force in history. Anne Bradstreet wrote some significant poetry in the seventeenth century, Mercy Otis Warren produced the best contemporary history of the American Revolution, and Abigail Adams penned important letters showing she exercised great political influence over her husband, John, the second President of the United States. But little or no notice was taken of these contributions. During these centuries, women remained invisible in history books.

Throughout the nineteenth century, this lack of visibility continued, despite the efforts of female authors writing about women. These writers, like most of their male counterparts, were amateur historians. Their writings were celebratory in nature, and they were uncritical in their selection and use of sources.

During the nineteenth century, however, certain feminists showed a keen sense of history by keeping records of activities in which women were engaged. National, regional, and local women’s organizations compiled accounts of their doings. Personal correspondence, newspaper clippings, and souvenirs were saved and stored. These sources from the core of the two greatest collections of women’s history in the United States one at the Elizabeth and Arthur Schlesinger Library at Radcliffe College, and the other the Sophia Smith Collection at Smith College. Such sources have provided valuable materials for later Generations of historians.

Despite the gathering of more information about ordinary women during the nineteenth Century, most of the writing about women conformed to the “great women” theory of History, just as much of mainstream American history concentrated on “great men.” To demonstrate that women were making signiíícant contributions to American life, female authors singled out women leaders and wrote biographies, or else important women produced their autobiographies. Most of these leaders were involved in public life as reformers, activists working for women’s right to vote, or authors, and were not representative at all of the great of ordinary woman. The lives of ordinary people continued, generally, to be untold in the American histories being published.

On the basis of information in the third paragraph, which of the following would most likely have been collected by nineteenth-century feminist organizations? 

A. Newspaper accounts of presidential election results 

B. Biographies of John Adams 

C. Letters from a mother to a daughter advising her how to handle a family problem 

D. Books about famous graduates of the country’s first college

1
27 tháng 2 2017

 Đáp án là C. The sources of the information they were based on were not necessarily accurate. (Các nguồn thông tin mà họ đã dựa trên là không chính xác.) , Dựa vào ý: These writers, like most of their male counterparts, were amateur historians. Their writings were celebratory in nature, and they were uncritical in their selection and use of sources. (Những nhà văn, giống như hầu hết nam giới, là nhà sử học nghiệp dư. Các tác phẩm của họ đã được ăn mừng một cách tự nhiên, và họ đã thiếu phê phán trong việc lựa chọn và sử dụng các nguồn.)

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questionsDuring the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, almost nothing was written about the contribution of women during the colonial period and the early history of the newly formed United States. Lacking the right to vote and absent from the seats of power, women were not considered an important force in history. Anne Bradstreet wrote some significant...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, almost nothing was written about the contribution of women during the colonial period and the early history of the newly formed United States. Lacking the right to vote and absent from the seats of power, women were not considered an important force in history. Anne Bradstreet wrote some significant poetry in the seventeenth century, Mercy Otis Warren produced the best contemporary history of the American Revolution, and Abigail Adams penned important letters showing she exercised great political influence over her husband, John, the second President of the United States. But little or no notice was taken of these contributions. During these centuries, women remained invisible in history books.

Throughout the nineteenth century, this lack of visibility continued, despite the efforts of female authors writing about women. These writers, like most of their male counterparts, were amateur historians. Their writings were celebratory in nature, and they were uncritical in their selection and use of sources.

During the nineteenth century, however, certain feminists showed a keen sense of history by keeping records of activities in which women were engaged. National, regional, and local women‟s organizations compiled accounts of their doings. Personal correspondence, newspaper clippings, and souvenirs were saved and stored. These sources form the core of the two greatest collections of women‟s history in the United States – one at the Elizabeth and Arthur Schlesinger Library at Radcliffe College, and the other the Sophia Smith Collection at Smith College. Such sources have provided valuable materials for later generations of historians.

Despite the gathering of more information about ordinary women during the nineteenth century, most of the writing about women conformed to the “great women” theory of history, just as much of mainstream American history concentrated on “great men”. To demonstrate that women were making significant contributions to American life, female authors singled out women leaders and wrote biographies, or else important women produced their autobiographies. Most of these leaders were involved in public life as reformers, activists working for women‟s right to vote, or authors, and were not representative at all of the great mass of ordinary women. The lives of ordinary people continued, generally, to be untold in the American histories being published.

In the first paragraph, Bradstreet, Warren, and Adams are mentioned to show that 

A. poetry produced by women was more readily accepted than other writing by women. 

B. only three women were able to get their writing published. 

C. even the contributions of outstanding women were ignored. 

D. a woman‟s status was changed by marriage. 

1
3 tháng 11 2017

Đáp án là C.

Thông tin ở câu gần cuối của đoạn 1: But little or no notice was taken of these contributions.( Nhưng rất ít hoặc không có sự chú ý cho những đóng góp này.) 

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, almost nothing was written about the contributions of women during the colonial period and the early history of the newly formed United States. Lacking the right to vote and absence from the seats of power, women were not considered an important force in history. Anne Bradstreet wrote some significant...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, almost nothing was written about the contributions of women during the colonial period and the early history of the newly formed United States. Lacking the right to vote and absence from the seats of power, women were not considered an important force in history. Anne Bradstreet wrote some significant poetry in the seventeenth century, Mercy Otis Warren produced the best contemporary history of the American Revolution, and Abigail Adams penned important letters showing she exercised great political influence over her husband, John, the second President of the United States. But little or no notice was taken of these contributions. During these centuries, women remained invisible in history books.

Throughout the nineteenth century, this lack of visibility continued, despite the efforts of female authors writing about women. These writers, like most of their male counterparts, were amateur historians. Their writings were celebratory in nature, and they were uncritical in their selection and use of sources.

During the nineteenth century, however, certain feminists showed a keen sense of history by keeping records of activities in which women were engaged. National, regional, and local women’s organizations compiled accounts of their doings. Personal correspondence, newspaper clippings, and souvenirs were saved and stored. These sources came from the core of the two greatest collections of women’s history in the United

States - one at the Elizabeth and Arthur Schlesinger Library at Radcliffe College, and the other the Sophia Smith Collection at Smith College. Such sources have provided valuable materials for later Generations of historians.

Despite the gathering of more information about ordinary women during the nineteenth century, most of the writing about women conformed to the “great women” theory of history, just as much of mainstream American history concentrated on “great men.” To demonstrate that women were making significant contributions to American life, female authors singled out women leaders and wrote biographies, or else important women produced their autobiographies. Most of these leaders were involved in public life as reformers, activists working for women’s right to vote, or authors, and were not representative at all of the great of ordinary woman. The lives of ordinary people continued, generally, to be untold in the American histories being published.

The word “contemporary” in line 5 means that the history was...

A. informative     

B. written at that time    

C. thoughtful         

D. faultfinding

1
1 tháng 2 2017

Đáp án là B

contemporary: đương thời = written at that time

Nghĩa các từ còn lại: informative: cung cấp nhiều tin tức; thoughtful: suy nghĩ chin chắn; faultfinding : sự bắt bẻ, chê trách