cho tỉ lệ thức \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}CMR\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{b^2+c^2}\)=\(\dfrac{a}{c}\)
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\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\\\dfrac{d}{b}=\dfrac{c}{a}\\\dfrac{d}{c}=\dfrac{b}{a}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Có \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\) => \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{a.b}{c.d}\) (1)
Có \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\) => \(\left(\dfrac{a}{c}\right)^2=\left(\dfrac{b}{d}\right)^2\)
=> \(\dfrac{a^2}{c^2}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}\)
ADTCDTSBN ta có
\(\dfrac{a^2}{c^2}=\dfrac{b^2}{d^2}=\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) =>\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{c^2+d^2}=\dfrac{a.b}{c.d}\) (đpcm)
3/ Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM-GM, ta có :
\(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(ab\right)^2}{\left(bc\right)^2}}=\dfrac{2a}{c}\)
\(\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(bc\right)^2}{\left(ac\right)^2}}=\dfrac{2b}{a}\)
\(\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(ac\right)^2}{\left(ab\right)^2}}=\dfrac{2c}{b}\)
Cộng 3 vế của BĐT trên ta có :
\(2\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\right)\ge2\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\ge\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\left(\text{đpcm}\right)\)
Bài 1:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a^2+bc}+\frac{1}{b^2+ac}+\frac{1}{c^2+ab}\leq \frac{1}{2\sqrt{a^2.bc}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{b^2.ac}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{c^2.ab}}=\frac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}}{2abc}\)
Tiếp tục áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}+\sqrt{ab}\leq \frac{b+c}{2}+\frac{c+a}{2}+\frac{a+b}{2}=a+b+c\)
Do đó:
\(\frac{1}{a^2+bc}+\frac{1}{b^2+ac}+\frac{1}{c^2+ab}\leq \frac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}}{2abc}\leq \frac{a+b+c}{2abc}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c$
2: Ta có: \(\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2}{c+a}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}=\dfrac{a\left(a+b+c\right)}{b+c}+\dfrac{b\left(a+b+c\right)}{c+a}+\dfrac{c\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b}-a-b-c=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}\right)=a+b+c-a-b-c=0\)
1: Sửa đề: Cho \(x,y,z\ne0\) và \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{2}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}=\dfrac{2}{2x+y+2z}\).
CM:....
Đặt 2x = x', 2z = z'.
Ta có: \(\dfrac{2}{x'}+\dfrac{2}{y}+\dfrac{2}{z'}=\dfrac{2}{x'+y+z'}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x'}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z'}=\dfrac{1}{x'+y+z'}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x'}-\dfrac{1}{x'+y+z'}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z'}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{y+z'}{x'\left(x'+y+z'\right)}+\dfrac{y+z'}{yz'}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(y+z'\right)\left(yz'+x'^2+x'y+x'z'\right)}{x'yz'\left(x'+y+z'\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(x'+y\right)\left(y+z'\right)\left(z'+x'\right)}{x'yz'\left(x'+y+z'\right)}=0\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+y\right)\left(y+2z\right)\left(2z+2x\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+y\right)\left(y+2z\right)\left(z+x\right)=0\left(đpcm\right)\)
1.
Áp dụng BĐT BSC:
\(\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2}{c+a}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c>0\)
2.
Áp dụng BĐT \(x^2+y^2\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}\) và BĐT BSC:
\(\dfrac{a+b}{a^2+b^2}+\dfrac{b+c}{b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{c+a}{c^2+a^2}\)
\(\le\dfrac{a+b}{\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}}+\dfrac{b+c}{\dfrac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{2}}+\dfrac{c+a}{\dfrac{\left(c+a\right)^2}{2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{a+b}+\dfrac{2}{b+c}+\dfrac{2}{c+a}\)
\(\le2.\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c>0\)
Cách khác:
1.
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy:
\(\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b+c}{4}+\dfrac{b^2}{c+a}+\dfrac{c+a}{4}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}+\dfrac{a+b}{4}\ge a+b+c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2}{c+a}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}\ge a+b+c-\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c>0\)
a, Từ \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{c}{b}\Rightarrow c^2=a\cdot b\). Khi đó :
\(\dfrac{a^2+c^2}{b^2+c^2}=\dfrac{a^2+a\cdot b}{b^2+a\cdot b}=\dfrac{a\cdot\left(a+b\right)}{b\cdot\left(a+b\right)}=\dfrac{a}{b}=VP\)
⇒ĐPCM
b, Từ \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{c}{b}\Rightarrow c^2=a\cdot b\) và áp dụng công thức \(a^2-b^2=\left(a+b\right)\cdot\left(a-b\right)\).Khi đó :
\(\dfrac{b^2-a^2}{a^2+c^2}=\dfrac{\left(b-a\right)\left(b+a\right)}{a^2+a\cdot b}=\dfrac{\left(b-a\right)\left(a+b\right)}{a\cdot\left(a+b\right)}=\dfrac{b-a}{a}=VP\)
⇒ĐPCM
cho : b2 = ac
đem vào bên trái CMR , tính ra bên phải