Giải hệ phương trình sau:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{10x+y}{x+y}=6\\xy+25=10y+x\end{matrix}\right.\)
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\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+y^2=25\\x.y=10\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+y^2=25\\x=\dfrac{10}{y}\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(\dfrac{10}{y}\right)^2+y^2=25\\x=\dfrac{10}{y}\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{100}{y^2}+y^2=25\\x=\dfrac{10}{y}\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}100+y^4-25y^2=0\\x=\dfrac{10}{y}\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}y^2=20\\y^2=5\end{matrix}\right.\\x=\dfrac{10}{y}\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=\pm\sqrt{20}\\y=\pm\sqrt{5}\end{matrix}\right.\\x=\dfrac{10}{y}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=\sqrt{20};x=\sqrt{5}\\y=-\sqrt{20};x=-\sqrt{5}\\y=-\sqrt{5};x=-\sqrt{20}\\y=\sqrt{5};x=\sqrt{20}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Lời giải:
HPT \(\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix}
\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}=\frac{3}{8}\\
\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{3}{4}\\
\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{x}=\frac{5}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow 2(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z})=\frac{3}{8}+\frac{3}{4}+\frac{5}{6}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{47}{48}\)
\(\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} \frac{1}{z}=\frac{47}{48}-\frac{3}{8}\\ \frac{1}{x}=\frac{47}{48}-\frac{3}{4}\\ \frac{1}{y}=\frac{47}{48}-\frac{5}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x=\frac{48}{29}\\ y=\frac{48}{11}\\ z=\frac{48}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(x^2+2xy+y^2+x+y=12\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x+y\right)-12=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-4\\x+y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH1: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-4\\xy=5-\left(x+y\right)=9\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo Viet đảo, x và y là nghiệm: \(t^2-4t+9=0\) (vô nghiệm)
TH2: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=3\\xy=5-\left(x+y\right)=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo Viet đảo, x và y là nghiệm:
\(t^2-3t+2=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=1\\t=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;2\right);\left(2;1\right)\)
ĐKXĐ : \(x;y\ne0\)
Khi đó \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-\dfrac{1}{x}=y-\dfrac{1}{y}\\2x^2-xy=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=-\dfrac{x-y}{xy}\\2x^2-xy=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-y\right)\left(\dfrac{xy+1}{xy}\right)=0\\2x^2-xy=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\xy=-1\end{matrix}\right.\\2x^2-xy=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Với x = y thì 2x2 - xy = 1
<=> 2x2 - x2 = 1
<=> x2 = 1
<=> x = \(\pm1\) (tm)
Khi x = -1 => y = -1
x = 1 => y = 1
Với xy = - 1 thì 2x2 - xy = 1
<=> 2x2 - (-1) = 1
<=> x2 = 0
<=> x = 0 (ktm)
Vậy hệ có 2 nghiệm (x;y) = (1; 1) ; (-1 ; -1)
ĐKXĐ : \(x;y\ne0\)
Ta có \(\dfrac{y}{x}-\dfrac{2x}{y}=\dfrac{-5}{2}-\dfrac{2}{xy}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{y^2-2x^2}{xy}=\dfrac{-5xy-4}{2xy}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2y^2-4x^2+5xy=-4\) (1)
Kết hợp \(x^2+xy-y^2=5\) (2)
ta có : \(-5.\left(2y^2-4x^2+5xy\right)=4\left(x^2+xy-y^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow16x^2-29xy-6y^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow16x^2-32xy+3xy-6y^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2y\right)\left(16x+3y\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2y\\x=-\dfrac{3y}{16}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thay \(x=-\dfrac{3y}{16}\) vào (2) ta được
\(\dfrac{9y^2}{256}-\dfrac{3y^2}{16}-y^2=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y^2=-\dfrac{256}{59}\Leftrightarrow y\in\varnothing\) (loại)
Khi x = 2y thay vào (2) ta được
4y2 + 2y2 - y2 = 5
\(\Leftrightarrow y=\pm1\) (tm)
Với y = 1 => x = 2
y = -1 => x = -2
Vậy (x;y) = (2;1) ; (-2;-1)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{x}}=\sqrt{y}+\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{y}}\left(1\right)\\2x-\sqrt{xy}-1=0\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) đk : x>=; y>=0
Ta có (1) <=> \(\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)-\left(\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{y}}-\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{x}}\right)=0\)
<=> \(\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)-3\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{xy}}=0\)
<=> \(\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(1-\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{xy}}\right)=0\)
<=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\\sqrt{xy}=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
+) với x=y, thay vào (2) ta có:
\(2x-\sqrt{x^2}-1=0\)
<=> 2x- x-1=0(do x>0)
<=> x=1 => y =1(t/m)
+) với \(\sqrt{xy}=3\) thay vào (2) ta có :
2x - 3-1 =0
<=> x= 2 (tm) => y = 9/2
Vậy hệ có nghiệm (x;y) là (1;1), (2;\(\dfrac{9}{2}\) )
1) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2+b\\b\left(2+b\right)-\left(2+b\right)-34=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2+b\\b^2+b-36=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2+b\\b=\frac{-1\pm\sqrt{145}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2+\frac{-1\pm\sqrt{145}}{2}\\b=\frac{-1\pm\sqrt{145}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thay \(x=\dfrac{3}{4}y\) vào phương trình dưới, ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{3}{4}y+3\right)\left(y-2\right)-\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{3}{4}y^2=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3}{8}y^2-\dfrac{3}{4}y+\dfrac{3}{2}y-3-\dfrac{3}{8}y^2=9\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3}{4}y=12\\ \Leftrightarrow y=18\Rightarrow x=12\)
Vậy hệ phương trình có nghiệm \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(12;18\right)\)
`{([10x+y]/[x+y]=6),(xy+25=10y+x):}` `ĐK: x \ne -y`
`<=>{(10x+y=6x+6y),(xy+25=10y+x):}`
`<=>{(y=4/5x),(x. 4/5x+25=10. 4/5x+x):}`
`<=>{(y=4/5x),(4/5x^2-9x+25=0):}`
`<=>{(y=4/5x),([(x=25/4),(x=5):}):}`
`<=>[({(x=25/4),(y=4/5 . 25/4=5):}),({(x=5),(y=4/5 .5=4):}):}` (t/m)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{10x+y}{x+y}=6\\xy+25=10y+x\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}10x+y=6\left(x+y\right)\\xy-10y-x=-25\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x-5y=0\\xy-10y-x=-25\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5y}{4}\\xy-10y-x=-25\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5y}{4}\\\dfrac{5y}{4}y-10y-\dfrac{5y}{4}=-25\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5y}{4}\\\dfrac{5y^2-45y}{4}=-25\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5y}{4}\\5y^2-45y+100=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5y}{4}\\y_1=5\\y_2=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy hệ phương trình có nghiệm \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{25}{4}\\y=5\end{matrix}\right.\) hoặc \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)