Tìm x ∈ z để biểu thức sau nguyên
M=\(\dfrac{131}{x-3}\)
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Để biểu thức nguyên thì \(3⋮\sqrt{x}+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}+2=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=1\)
hay x=1
\(\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{x}+2}\in Z< =>\sqrt{x}+2\inƯ\left(3\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm3\right\}\)
mà \(x>0=>\sqrt{x}+2>2\) nên \(\sqrt{x}+2=\left\{3\right\}=>x=1\left(tm\right)\)
Vaayy.....
Để biểu thức \(\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{x}+2}\) nguyên thì \(3⋮\sqrt{x}+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}+2=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=1\)
hay x=1
\(a,A=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}-2+2\sqrt{x}+x-3\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\left(x\ge0;x\ne1;x\ne9\right)\\ A=\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)
\(b,A\in Z\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-3+5}{\sqrt{x}-3}\in Z\Leftrightarrow1+\dfrac{5}{\sqrt{x}-3}\in Z\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}-3\inƯ\left(5\right)=\left\{-5;-1;1;5\right\}\\ Mà.x\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}\in\left\{2;4;8\right\}\\ \Leftrightarrow x\in\left\{4;16;64\right\}\)
a) ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge0\\x\ne9\\x\ne1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(A=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}-2+2\sqrt{x}+x-3\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}=\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}-3}\)
b) \(A=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}-3}=1+\dfrac{5}{\sqrt{x}-3}\in Z\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}-3\inƯ\left(5\right)=\left\{-5;-1;1;5\right\}\)
Kết hợp đk
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{4;16;64\right\}\)
a) Ta có: \(M=\dfrac{8x+1}{4x-5}=\dfrac{8x-10+11}{4x-5}=\dfrac{2\left(x-5\right)+11}{4x-5}=2+\dfrac{11}{4x-5}\)
Để M nhận giá trị nguyên thì \(2+\dfrac{11}{4x-5}\) nhận giá trị nguyên
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{11}{4x-5}\) nhận giá trị nguyên
\(\Rightarrow11⋮4x-5\)
Vì \(x\in Z\) nên \(4x-5\in Z\)
\(\Rightarrow4x-5\inƯ\left(11\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm11\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{1;\pm1,5;4\right\}\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{1;4\right\}\) thỏa mãn \(x\in Z\).
b) Ta có: \(A=\dfrac{5}{4-x}\). ĐK: \(x\ne4\)
Nếu 4 - x < 0 thì x > 4 \(\Rightarrow A>0\)
4 - x > 0 thì x < 4 \(\Rightarrow A< 0\)
Để A đạt GTLN thì 4 - x là số nguyên dương nhỏ nhất
\(\Rightarrow4-x=1\Rightarrow x=3\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{5}{4-3}=5\)
Vậy MaxA = 5 tại x = 3
c) \(B=\dfrac{8-x}{x-3}\). ĐK: \(x\ne3\).
Ta có: \(B=\dfrac{8-x}{x-3}=\dfrac{-\left(x-8\right)}{x-3}=\dfrac{-\left(x-3\right)+5}{x-3}=\dfrac{5}{x-3}-1\)
Để B đạt giá trị nhỏ nhất thì \(\dfrac{5}{x-3}-1\) nhỏ nhất
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{5}{x-3}\) nhỏ nhất
Nếu x - 3 > 0 thì x > 3 \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{5}{x-3}>0\)
x - 3 < 0 thì x < 3 \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{5}{x-3}< 0\)
Để \(\dfrac{5}{x-3}\) nhỏ nhất thì x - 3 là số nguyên âm lớn nhất
\(\Rightarrow x-3=-1\Rightarrow x=2\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\dfrac{8-2}{2-3}=-6\)
Vậy MaxB = -6 tại x = 2.
Mình làm sai câu a...
Ta có: \(M=\dfrac{8x+1}{4x-1}=\dfrac{8x-2+3}{4x-1}=\dfrac{2\left(4x-1\right)+3}{4x-1}=2+\dfrac{3}{4x-1}\)
Để M nhận giá trị nguyên thì \(2+\dfrac{3}{4x-1}\) nhận giá trị nguyên
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{3}{4x-1}\) nhận giá trị nguyên
Vì \(4x-1\in Z\) nên \(4x-1\inƯ\left(3\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm3\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{\pm0,5;0;1\right\}\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{0;1\right\}\) thỏa mãn \(x\in Z\).
Để A nguyên thì \(2\sqrt{x}+3⋮3\sqrt{x}-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6\sqrt{x}+9⋮3\sqrt{x}-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\sqrt{x}-1\in\left\{-1;1;11\right\}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\sqrt{x}\in\left\{0;12\right\}\)
hay \(x\in\left\{0;16\right\}\)
a. \(A=\left(\dfrac{2-3x}{x^2+2x-3}-\dfrac{x+3}{1-x}-\dfrac{x+1}{x+3}\right):\dfrac{3x+12}{x^3-1}\left(ĐKXĐ:x\ne1;x\ne-3\right)\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{2-3x}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}+\dfrac{x+3}{x-1}-\dfrac{x+1}{x+3}\right):\dfrac{3x+12}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{2-3x}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}+\dfrac{\left(x+3\right)^2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}-\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}\right):\dfrac{3x+12}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{2-3x+x^2+6x+9-x^2+1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}:\dfrac{3x+12}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{3x+12}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}:\dfrac{3x+12}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{3x+12}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}.\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}{3x+12}=\dfrac{x^2+x+1}{x+3}\)
\(M=A.B=\dfrac{x^2+x+1}{x+3}.\dfrac{x^2+x-2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}=\dfrac{x^2+x-2}{x+3}\)
b. -Để M thuộc Z thì:
\(\left(x^2+x-2\right)⋮\left(x+3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x^2+3x-2x-6+4\right)⋮\left(x+3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[x\left(x+3\right)-2\left(x+3\right)+4\right]⋮\left(x+3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow4⋮\left(x+3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x+3\in\left\{1;2;4;-1;-2;-4\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\in\left\{-2;-1;1;-4;-5;-7\right\}\)
c. \(A^{-1}-B=\dfrac{x+3}{x^2+x+1}-\dfrac{x^2+x-2}{x^3-1}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+3}{x^2+x+1}-\dfrac{x^2+x-2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}-\dfrac{x^2+x-2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2-x+3x-3-x^2-x+2}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-1}{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}=\dfrac{1}{x^2+x+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{x^2+2.\dfrac{1}{2}x+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}}=\dfrac{1}{\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}}\le\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{3}{4}}=\dfrac{4}{3}\)
\(Max=\dfrac{4}{3}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-1}{2}\)
Lời giải:
$M=\frac{2(\sqrt{x}-3)+7}{\sqrt{x}-3}=2+\frac{7}{\sqrt{x}-3}$
Để $M$ nguyên thì $\frac{7}{\sqrt{x}-3}$
Với $x$ nguyên không âm thì điều này xảy ra khi mà $\sqrt{x}-3$ là ước của $7$
$\Rightarrow \sqrt{x}-3\in\left\{\pm 1; \pm 7\right\}$
$\Rightarrow \sqrt{x}\in \left\{4; 2; 10; -4\right\}$
Vì $\sqrt{x}\geq 0$ nên $\sqrt{x}\in \left\{4; 2; 10\right\}$
$\Rightarrow x\in \left\{16; 4; 100\right\}$ (tm)
a, ĐKXĐ:\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+3\ne0\\x^2+x-6\ne0\\2-x\ne0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ne-3\\x^2+x-6\ne0\\x\ne2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ne-3\\x\ne2\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, \(A=\dfrac{x+2}{x+3}-\dfrac{5}{x^2+x-6}+\dfrac{1}{2-x}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+3\right)}-\dfrac{5}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+3\right)}-\dfrac{x+3}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2-4-5-x-3}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^2-x-12}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x-4\right)\left(x+3\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x+3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-4}{x-2}\)
\(c,A=\dfrac{-3}{4}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x-4}{x-2}=\dfrac{-3}{4}\\ \Leftrightarrow4\left(x-4\right)=-3\left(x-2\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow4x-16x=-3x+6\\ \Leftrightarrow4x-16x+3x-6=0\\ \Leftrightarrow7x-22=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{22}{7}\)
d, \(A=\dfrac{x-4}{x-2}=\dfrac{x-2-2}{x-2}=1-\dfrac{2}{x-2}\)
Để \(A\in Z\Rightarrow\dfrac{2}{x-2}\in Z\Rightarrow x-2\inƯ\left(2\right)=\left\{-2;-1;1;2\right\}\)
Ta có bảng:
x-2 | -2 | -1 | 1 | 2 |
x | 0 | 1 | 3 | 4 |
Vậy \(x\in\left\{0;1;3;4\right\}\)
Để biểu thức có giá trị nguyên
\(=>x-3\inƯ\left(131\right)\\ Ư\left(131\right)=\left\{1;-1;131;-131\right\}\\ =>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-3=1\\x-3=-1\\x-3=131\\x-3=-131\end{matrix}\right.\\ =>\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\x=2\\x=134\\x=-128\end{matrix}\right.\)
M nguyên khi x - 3 là ước của 131
Ư(131) = {-131; -1; 1; 131}
⇒x ∈ {-128; 2; 4; 134}