Cho a,b,c dương CMR : sigma (a/2a+b+c) <= 3/4
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Bài 1:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\)
\(9+ab\ge2\sqrt{9ab}=6\sqrt{ab}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT=a+b\ge\frac{2\sqrt{ab}\cdot6\sqrt{ab}}{9+ab}=\frac{12ab}{9+ab}=VP\)
Bài 2:
a)\(\frac{a^2}{a+2b^2}=a-\frac{2ab^2}{a+2b^2}\ge a-\frac{2ab^2}{3\sqrt[3]{ab^4}}=a-\frac{2}{3}\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2}\)
\(BDT\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2}+\sqrt[3]{b^2c^2}+\sqrt[3]{c^2a^2}\le3\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\sqrt[3]{b^2c^2}\le\frac{1}{3}\left(bc+b+c\right)\). Tương tự r` cộng theo vế ta có ĐPCM
b)\(\frac{a^2}{a+2b^3}=a-\frac{2ab^2}{a+2b^3}\ge a-\frac{2ab^3}{3\sqrt[3]{ab^6}}=a-\frac{2}{3}b\sqrt[3]{a^2}\)
\(\ge a-\frac{2}{3}b\frac{\left(a+a+1\right)}{3}=a-\frac{2b}{9}-\frac{4ab}{9}\)
Vậy \(VT\ge a+b+c-\frac{2}{9}\left(a+b+c\right)-\frac{4}{9}\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{7}{3}-\frac{4\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{27}=1=VP\)
Từ \(abc=1\) VÀ \(a,b,c>0\) áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(a+b+c\ge3;a^2+b^2+c^2\ge3\)
Ta có: \(VT=\frac{a^3}{\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}+\frac{b^3}{\left(1+c\right)\left(1+a\right)}+\frac{c^3}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)}\)
\(=\frac{a^4}{\left(1+ab\right)\left(1+ac\right)}+\frac{b^4}{\left(1+bc\right)\left(1+ca\right)}+\frac{c^4}{\left(1+ca\right)\left(1+cb\right)}\)
\(=\frac{a^4}{a+ab+ac+1}+\frac{b^4}{b+bc+ba+1}+\frac{c^4}{c+ca+cb+1}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel ta có:
\(VT\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{a+b+c+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)+3}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{2\left(a+b+c\right)+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\left(a+b+c\ge3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+1\right)}\)( dễ c/m rằng \(3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+1\right)\ge2\left(a+b+c+ab+bc+ca\right)\))
Vậy ta cần c/m \(\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+1\right)}\ge\frac{3}{4}\left(1\right)\)
Đặt \(a^2+b^2+c^2=t\ge3\). Ta có:
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(t-3\right)\left(4t+3\right)\ge0\forall t\ge3\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a=b=c=1
Hay sử dụng Am-GM ta có:
\(\frac{a^3}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)}+\frac{1+a}{8}+\frac{1+b}{8}\ge\frac{3}{4}a\)
Thiết lập 2 BĐT tương tự r` cộng theo vế
https://www.google.com/search?q=cho+abc%3D1.+cm+1%2F2a%5E3%2Bb%5E3%2Bc%5E3%2B2%3C1%2F2&rlz=1C1NHXL_viVN846VN846&oq=cho+abc%3D1.+cm+1%2F2a%5E3%2Bb%5E3%2Bc%5E3%2B2%3C1%2F2&aqs=chrome..69i57.4867j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{2}{\sqrt{ab}}\ge\frac{2}{\frac{a+b}{2}}=\frac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{4}.\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra <=> a=b
Áp dụng :
\(\frac{1}{2a^3+b^3+c^3+2}=\frac{1}{\left(a^3+b^3+1\right)+\left(a^3+c^3+1\right)}\le\frac{1}{4}.\left(\frac{1}{a^3+b^3+1}+\frac{1}{a^3+c^3+1}\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{1}{2b^3+c^3+a^3+2}=\frac{1}{\left(a^3+b^3+1\right)+\left(b^3+c^3+1\right)}\le\frac{1}{4}.\left(\frac{1}{a^3+b^3+1}+\frac{1}{b^3+c^3+1}\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{2c^3+b^3+a^3+2}=\frac{1}{\left(c^3+b^3+1\right)+\left(a^3+c^3+1\right)}\le\frac{1}{4}.\left(\frac{1}{c^3+b^3+1}+\frac{1}{a^3+c^3+1}\right)\)
Cộng vế với vế của 3 BĐT trên ta có:
\(\Sigma\frac{1}{2a^3+b^3+c^3+2}\le\frac{1}{4}.2.\left(\frac{1}{a^3+b^3+1}+\frac{1}{b^3+c^3+1}+\frac{1}{c^3+a^3+1}\right)\)\(=\frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{1}{a^3+b^3+1}+\frac{1}{b^3+c^3+1}+\frac{1}{c^3+a^3+1}\right)\)
Ta chứng minh BĐT phụ:
\(a^3+b^3\ge ab\left(a+b\right)\)
Thật vậy!
Có: \(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2-ab\ge ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2-ab\right)\ge ab\left(a+b\right)\)( vì a,b>0 => a+b>0)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3\ge ab\left(a+b\right)\)
đpcm
Dấu " = " xảy ra <=> a=b
Áp dụng: \(\frac{1}{a^3+b^3+1}\le\frac{1}{ab\left(a+b\right)+abc}=\frac{1}{ab\left(a+b+c\right)}\)
Tương tự:\(\frac{1}{b^3+c^3+1}\le\frac{1}{bc\left(b+c\right)+abc}=\frac{1}{bc\left(a+b+c\right)}\)
\(\frac{1}{a^3+c^3+1}\le\frac{1}{ac\left(a+c\right)+abc}=\frac{1}{ac\left(a+b+c\right)}\)
Cộng vế với vế của 3 BĐT trên ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a^3+b^3+1}+\frac{1}{b^3+c^3+1}+\frac{1}{c^3+a^3+1}\le\)\(\frac{1}{ab\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{1}{bc\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{ca\left(a+c\right)}=\frac{a+b+c}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma\frac{1}{2a^3+b^3+c^3+2}\le\frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{1}{a^3+b^3+1}+\frac{1}{b^3+c^3+1}+\frac{1}{c^3+a^3+1}\right)\le\frac{1}{2}.1=\frac{1}{2}\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra <=> a=b=c=1
Tham khảo nhé~
\(\left(a+a+b\right)\left(b+b+c\right)\left(c+c+a\right)\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^2b}.3\sqrt[3]{b^2c}.3\sqrt[3]{c^2a}=27abc\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
Cm \(3\left(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\right)\left(a^2c+b^2a+c^2b\right)\ge abc\left(a+b+c\right)^3\)
Do 2 vế BĐT đồng bậc nên ta chuẩn hóa \(a+b+c=3\)
BĐT <=> \(3\left[abc\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)+\left(a^3b^3+b^3c^3+a^3c^3\right)+a^2b^2c^2\left(a+b+c\right)\right]\ge27abc\)
<=>\(3\left[abc\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)+\left(a^3b^3+b^3c^3+a^3c^3+3a^2b^2c^2\right)\right]\ge27abc\)
Áp dụng BĐT Schur ta có:
\(a^3b^3+b^3c^3+a^3c^3+3a^2b^2c^2\ge ab^2c\left(ab+bc\right)+a^2bc\left(ab+ac\right)+abc^2\left(ac+bc\right)\)
Khi đó BĐT
<=>\(3\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)+3a^2\left(b+c\right)+3b^2\left(a+c\right)+3c^2\left(a+b\right)\ge27\)
<=> \(3\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)+3a^2\left(3-a\right)+3b^2\left(3-b\right)+3c^2\left(3-c\right)\ge27\)
<=> \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge3\) luôn đúng do \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2=3\)( ĐPCM)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi a=b=c
Bài 2
Áp dụng \(x^2+y^2\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}\)
=> \(VT\ge\frac{|a+1-b|+|b+1-c|+|c+1-a|}{\sqrt{2}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT \(|x|+|y|+|z|\ge|x+y+z|\)
=> \(VT\ge\frac{|a+1-b+b+1-c+c+1-a|}{\sqrt{2}}=\frac{3}{\sqrt{2}}\)(ĐPCM)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{2}\)
Minhf ko đc hiểu cho lắm, bạn có thể giải cho mmk đc ko? TKS bn nhìu