dùng 6,72 lít khí hidro ở đktc để khử lần lượt là HgO, PbO, FeO, Fe2O3,CuO,Fe3O4. a)Tính khối lượng kim loại được tạo ra. b)Tính khối lượng mỗi oxit cần dùng
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\(n_{CuO}=a\left(mol\right),n_{Fe_2O_3}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(m=80a+160b=6\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2.24}{22.4}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}Cu+H_2O\)
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{^{^{t^0}}}2Fe+3H_2O\)
\(n_{H_2}=a+3b=0.1\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.025,b=0.025\)
\(m_{kl}=0.025\cdot64+0.025\cdot2\cdot56=4.4\left(g\right)\)
\(b.\)
\(m_{hh}=3m_{Fe_2O_3}=6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{2}{160}=0.0125\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{CuO}=0.0125\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{kl}=0.0125\cdot2\cdot56+0.0125\cdot64=2.2\left(g\right)\)
Đáp án B
Giải chi tiết:
Quy phản ứng về dạng: [O]Oxit + CO → CO2
=> nCO = nO = 5,6: 22,4 = 0,25 mol
=> mKL = mOxit – mO = 30 – 0,25.16 = 26g
nCu = 8: 80=0,1(mol)
a) PTHH : CuO + H2 -t--> Cu +H2O
0,1-> 0,1------>0,1(mol)
mCu = 0,1.64=6,4(g)
VH2 = 0,1.22,4=2,24(l)
\(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{14.4}{160}=0.09\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{^{t^0}}2Fe+3H_2O\)
\(0.09.........0.27...0.18\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.27\cdot22.4=6.048\left(l\right)\)
\(m_{Fe}=0.18\cdot56=10.08\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(HgO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Hg+H_2O\) (1)
\(PbO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}PbO+H_2O\) (2)
\(FeO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe+H_2O\) (3)
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\) (4)
\(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\) (5)
\(Fe_3O_4+4H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}3Fe+4H_2O\) (6)
a) \(n_{Hg\left(1\right)}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Hg\left(1\right)}=0,3.201=60,3\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Pb\left(2\right)}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Pb\left(2\right)}=0,3.207=62,1\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Fe\left(3\right)}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Fe\left(3\right)}=0,3.56=16,8\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Fe\left(4\right)}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Fe\left(4\right)}=0,2.56=11,2\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Cu\left(5\right)}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Cu\left(5\right)}=0,3.64=19,2\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Fe\left(6\right)}=0,225\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Fe\left(6\right)}=0,225.56=12,6\left(g\right)\)
b)
\(n_{HgO\left(1\right)}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{HgO\left(1\right)}=0,3.217=65,1\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{PbO\left(2\right)}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{PbO\left(2\right)}=0,3.223=66,9\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{FeO\left(3\right)}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{FeO\left(3\right)}=0,3.72=21,6\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Fe_2O_3\left(4\right)}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Fe_2O_3\left(4\right)}=0,1.160=16\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{CuO\left(5\right)}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{CuO\left(5\right)}=0,3.80=24\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Fe_3O_4\left(6\right)}=0,075\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Fe_3O_4}=0,075.232=17,4\left(g\right)\)